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Identification of production indicators important for definition of the selection criteria in cattle breeding.
Michaličková, Monika ; Vostrý, Luboš (advisor) ; Stádník, Luděk (referee)
The aim of the study was to apply all available information (for time period 2011 to 2013) about the dual purpose cattle breeds (Simmental and Pinzgauer) to the program package ECOWEIGHT and to suggest selection criteria for Slovak dairy and cow calf production systems. The main advantages of Ph.D. thesis were the calculation of economic weights with comprehensive consideration and updating of the current farming conditions, as well as the calculation of economic weights for new traits i. e. health and residual feed intake traits. For the calculations, the bio-economic model and the most common marketing strategy for given production system were used. The main comparative advantage of Simmental and Pinzgauer breeds, were the milk yield (dairy system) and proportion of sold calves per 100 cows (cow-calf system), respectively. For the both breeds and production systems the longevity of cows was detected as the weakness. The highest proportion in cost and revenues structure for the feeding and main products was observed, respectively. For both breeds and production systems, the profit (regardless of subsidies including) was not reached. For Simmental breed in dairy and cow calf system, the highest economic importance was observed for milk yield (19.9%) and fertility of cows (22.5%), daily gain of calves till weaning (age of 100 days; 16.1%) and weight of calves at 210 days of age (14.3%) and for the longevity of cows (11.4% and 12.4%), respectively. On the other hand, for SP breed the highest relative importance was observed for daily gain till weaning (100 days of age, 20.3%) and weight of calves at 210 days (100 days of age; 20.3%), milk yield (20.2%) and weight at 120 days of age (14.4%) and for longevity of cows (10.1% and 16.8%) in dairy and cow-calf population, respectively. Based on the results of Ph.D. thesis, it could be recommended to reconsider the current breeding objectives, as well as to redefine the selection indices of dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovakia. The emphasise should be based to growth and functional traits, with the aim to integrate preferences of consumers (environmental criterion and popularity of animal products), as well as to ensure the sustainability of animal production.
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