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The effect of a weight loss on bone and energy metabolism in premenopausal women with obesity
Malinová, Pavlína ; Zikán, Vít (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
Introduction: Current findings show that obesity may not only have a protective effect in terms of the osteoporosis development. Although higher mechanical load on bones in obese people increases bone mass density, inflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue, on the contrary, increase bone resorption. The reduction of body weight itself can contribute to the deterioration of the quality of bone mass. Aim: The main aim of the study was to evaluate changes in BMD and selected parameters of body composition during a 2-month strict very low-calorie diet (VLCD) and a subsequent 4-month low-calorie diet (LCD) in premenopausal women with obesity. Methods: The study was carried out at the workplaces of the III. Internal Clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague and the Institute of Endocrinology in Prague. Data were collected in the period from April 2021 to May 2023. 11 patients participated in the study with dietary intervention, data was processed from 10 of them. The average age was 44.1 ± 9.3 years, the average weight was 94 ± 10.4 kg. The control group consisted of 14 patients, 10 of them were included in the study. The average age in the control group was 40.7 ± 6.4 years, the average weight was 64.4 ± 7.5 kg. Patients of the intervention group were given a very low-calorie diet with...
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The influence of salt on health and salt consumption in the Czech Republic
Malinová, Pavlína ; Dostálová, Jana (advisor) ; Chrpová, Diana (referee)
The salt intake in the Czech Republic is almost three times higher than the daily recommended amount. The excessive consumption of salt has impacts on health and wellbeing in many ways. It causes or affects the course of several illnesses, including arterial hypertension, osteoporosis, asthma bronchiale, kidney diseases, gastric cancer, obesity or oedema. The theoretical part of this dissertation describes the mechanisms by which the salt acts on the body and the relationships between the diseases listed above and the salt intake. The aim of this paper is to explore the eating habits around salt intake amongst the healthcare professionals. Furthermore, it investigates the understanding and interest in this matter amongst this group of people. Anonymised questionnaires were the chosen research method for this paper. The questionnaire, comprising of 17 questions, was sent to 12 different instituts and clinics at a hospital in Prague. In total, 174 healthcare professionals took part in this research. The results showed that the participants took interest in ingredients and nutritional value of their food, however, only a minority paid attention to the salt content. One of the most consumed types of food with a high content of salt are: white cheese, blue cheese, salami and smoked meats. Though savoury...
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