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Construction and characterization of recombinant systems for stress response analysis in pollutant-degrading rhodococci
Křenková, Lucie ; Štěpánek, Václav (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Genus Rhodococcus is represented by Gram-positive, mycolate-containing non- sporulating actinobacteria that excel in their ability to withstand effects of various physical and chemical stressors. Their enormous metabolic capacity allows them to efficiently degrade a wide range of toxic compounds. To benefit from these capabilities, it is essential to know the molecular basis of their response to the stresses, the regulation of which is primarily controlled by σ factors of RNA polymerase. These σ factors are still poorly described in rhodococci. This thesis aims to explore the potential of Rhodococcus erythropolis CCM2595 as a model organism for studying stress responses in rhodococci. R. erythropolis ΔsigH mutant and single-plasmid strains have been constructed which allow studying promoter activities of genes responding to osmotic, heat, and oxidative stress by measurement of GFP fluorescence intensity, in the cells of R. erythropolis. Further, homologous two- plasmid strains, which support induced overproduction of s factors, were also constructed. Comparison with analogous Corynebacterium glutamicum host-based systems showed that the use of rhodococci themselves as hosts for plasmid systems is still very limited, probably due to the plasmid instability in rhodococcal cells. Thus, for routine...
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Determination of distribution of pharmacologically active compounds and their biological degradation during waste water treatment processes
Palyzová, Andrea ; Kyslík, Pavel ; Marešová, Helena
The project is focused on the development of technology for the degradation of persistent active pharmacologically substances (APIs) in wastewater. These substances are biologically active, due to their physicochemical properties often difficult to degrade, their consumption in human and veterinary medicine is difficult to control. By using it alone, even non-metabolized drugs enter the environment. End-user disposal of unused drugs is virtually uncontrollable and is becoming another important source of pollution. APIs are a common nodal point for the main sources of environmental contamination. Unfortunately, in the case of the API series, current WWTP systems are not even capable of capturing, let alone degradation, and are therefore distributed back to the environment via surface waters. The development of persistent APIs degradation technology at the WWTP level is the aim of the project. Its implementation will significantly reduce the level of surface water pollution and thus increase the sustainability of the use of water resources.
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Microbial analysis and identification of organisms in products from young cocco
Palyzová, Andrea ; Marešová, Helena
The collaboration focused on the isolation and identification of bacterial strains in young coconut products, the comparison of their microbial profiles and the monitoring of stability over time. Yoguard and Keefir products contain highly functional probiotic bacteria and probiotic yeasts. The main microorganisms contained in yoghurts and keefires include Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconococcus, Saccharomyces.\nThe main microorganisms contained in yoghurts and keefires include Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconococcus, Saccharomyces.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Allergics reactions to herbal medicines in childern
Meincke, Ricarda ; Pokladníková, Jitka (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Background: The use of herbal medicines in children and adolescents is continually on the rise. Contrary to popular belief, herbal products (HPs) are not always a safe alternative to conventional drugs and can cause a variety of adverse events such as severe and fatal allergic reactions. In regards to herbal medicine use in children, a recently published systematic review that searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and AMED included 58 studies from 19 countries and found overall herbal lifetime use to be between 0.8-85.5 % and 2.2-8.9 % for current use. Unlike most synthetically produced drugs, the adverse event profile of such "natural" preparations in children has rarely been studied. To this date, effective systems that monitor adverse drug events (ADRs) and long term side effects associated with HPs are either non-existent or still developing in many countries. Due to insufficient and inconsistent ADR reporting, little is known about the ADR spectrum of herbals in pediatric patients. Awareness of the potential of HPs to cause ADRs, particularly in children and adolescents, needs to be increased and reporting to national pharmacovigilance centers (PVCs) reinforced. Objectives: This project analyzed the worldwide adverse event data for herbal drugs related to hypersensitivity reactions as recorded in...
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Hormonal Contraception - Users'Knowledge
Křiklánová, Jana ; Marešová, Helena (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION - USERS̕ KNOWLEDGE Student: Křiklánová, J. Tutor: Marešová, H. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction: Hormonal contraception is a broadly used and very reliable birth control method. Nonetheless, it is not entirely risk-free. This thesis deals with the awareness of those risks in women who are currently using hormonal contraception or have ever used it before. Aim of the thesis: The main aim was to determine the extent of the users' awareness of hormonal contraception and its risks, undesirable side effects and contraindications, as well as their source of information. Furthermore, the awareness of the environmental impact, the reasons for using hormonal contraception and user satisfaction were examined. Methodology: The research was carried out by means of online questionnaires, which were spread among current or former users of hormonal contraception regardless of age, educational background or place of residence. 148 completed questionnaires were gathered and the data which were obtained were statistically evaluated. Results: It was discovered that women feel informed (25 %) or rather informed (44,6 %) more often than uninformed; the most frequent source of information is patient...
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Safety of selected dietary supplements with regard to the content of food additives I.
Rohlíková, Martina ; Pokladníková, Jitka (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Safety of the selected food supplements in terms of the presence of additives Additives are commonly present not only in food, but also in food supplements. Safety of these substances remains a question. The aim of the theses is to evaluate the safety of the best selling supplements in the Czech Republic in the year 2011 from the viewpoint of additives and constituents. Given the scale of researched products, I focused on products strengthening the cardiovascular system containing omega 3 fatty acids , garlic, coenzyme Q 10 and lecithin. As a source of information about the content and the presence of additives, the data from the Ministry of Health and the Information System decision of the Chief Hygienist (IS RoHy) were used. The safety evaluation of additives was carried out on the basis of the available methodology for consumers. Information about adverse effects of additives and content substances were searched using information databases Martindale , Reprotox, AltMedDex, Drugdex, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), IPCS INCHEM, PubMed independent commission database JECFA Joint FAO / WHO Expert committee on Food additives. Descriptive statistics was used. Of the large number of products (97), 5 products were classified as safe and 92 as products harmful to...
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Aromatherapy and its favourite essential oils
Karra, Eirini ; Marešová, Helena (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
AROMATHERAPY AND ITS FAVOURITE ESSENTIAL OILS Student: Karra, E. Tutor: Marešová, H. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Background: This thesis was made because I wanted to work on something different from what we are being taught at the Faculty of Pharmacy. But the topic should be near to the worlwide pharmacy practice. Nowadays many people are interested in Complementarey and Alternative Medicine (CAM). I decided to visit Dr. Marešová (a teaching practitioner at our Faculty) to ask her for a topic. She agreed and proposed Aromatherapy, and I found it quite interesting. During my work I started to realize how important and effective Aromatherapy may be, how easily it can be applied and become a part of our life. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to gain an understanding of what aromatherapy is and to show its benefits. Furthermore to introduce the substances (essential oils) that can be used and their availability, their several application forms and the various therapeutic effects. Nevertheless, essential oils may also be dangerous sometimes. For example, during pregnancy the use of some essential oils may be a problem and some oversensitive people may see an exacerbation of their allergies as well. Therefore,...
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Patients experience of acupuncture treatment III.
Maršálková, Zuzana ; Pokladníková, Jitka (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Czech Republic Student: Zuzana Maršálková Tutor: PharmDr. Jitka Pokladníková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: PATIENTS' EXPERIENCES WITH ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT III Background: Acupuncture becomes more popular in Czech Republic where study concerning patients' experiences and opinions with this treating method hasn't been carried out yet. Aim: To assess patients' experiences with acupuncture focusing on the patients' expected effect before, during and after treatment, on the potential change in expectations during treatment and on its potential effect on treatment outcomes, and on the evaluation of the truly perceived therapeutic effect. Methods: Using semistructured questionnaires, we led interviews with selected patients in the period from 19. 9. 2015 to 18. 5. 2016. Rewritten dialogues were afterwards coded in MAXQDA 12 and evaluated using the content analysis method. Results: Content analysis identified topics related to the expected and actual effect of acupuncture. It involved symptoms of migraine before and after treatment, treatment beliefs and expectations before, after and during treatment, recognition of therapeutic effect, adverse effects and benefit in patients' life. Patients had...
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Pharmacists' and Pharmacist Technicians' Attitudes toward Dietary Supplements
Janurová, Anna ; Pokladníková, Jitka (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
PHARMACISTS' AND PHARMACIST TECHNICIANS' ATTITUDES TOWARD DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Student: Anna Janurová Tutor: PharmDr. Jitka Pokladníková, Ph.D. Dept. of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech republic Background: Dietary supplements (DS) belong to the common commodity of the Czech pharmacies. However, attitudes of pharmacists and pharmacist technicians toward this issue have not been evaluated in the Czech Republic yet. Aim: To assess pharmacists' and pharmacist technicians' attitudes toward dietary supplements, DS awareness, beliefs about DS safety and efficacy, DS use and recommending DS to patients. Methods: This Diploma Thesis was based on research project - pilot survey "Complementary and Alternative Medicine: The Survey of Health Beliefs". The study was conducted through questionnaires. Data were collected in the period from 1.2.2009 to 31.5.2009 in selected Czech pharmacies. The data were processed in the computer programs MS Excel and PASW Statistics 18. Results: Questionnaires were completed by a total of 203 pharmacists and pharmacist technicians from pharmacies in the Czech Republic. Approximately 7 out of 10 pharmacists and pharmacist technicians regarded DS as safe, the same number as effective, more than three-quarters...
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Homeopathic Remedies in Emotional and Mental Disorders
Ispanopoulou, Nikoleta-Maria ; Marešová, Helena (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES IN MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL DISORDERS Student: Ispanopoulou, N.M. Tutor:Marešová, H. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Background: This thesis was a challenge to give my attention to the medicaments that have not side effecst in the human treatment and to see the use of the raw and first materials that in consequence we find as substances in the pharmaceutical factory. The solution and response for me was in the Complementary Medicine and more specifically in the practice of homeopathy. The mental disturbances and the emotional imbalances are more available in there description and understanding and can from the other side influence the well being of the physical part and cause the illnesses. Aim: The study of both mental and emotional disorders and homeopathic remedies and the discovery of the way the one influence and benefits the other is the main purpose of this thesis. Methods: The method has to do with the detailed description of the properties that each homeopathic remedy posseses, according to the studies accomplished many years ago from many doctors and scientists of the Complementary Medicine. I have studied the raw materials, the length of action and the results, coming from a...
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