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Therapy of epilepsy in dogs and cats
Šenková, Monika ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Lecová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Monika Šenková Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivan Vokřál, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Therapy of epilepsy in dogs and cats Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting dogs and cats. This chronic disorder is manifested by recurrent epileptic seizures. The true prevalence of epilepsy in dogs and cats is unknown. It is estimated to be 0,6-0,75 % in general dog population, and 1-2 % in hospitalized dog population. There is no known estimate for general cat population, but it is estimated to be 0,5-3,5 % in hospitalized cat population. Genetic predisposition has been proved in several dog breeds, and in some breeds, it is assumed. Diagnostics of epilepsy could be often difficult, and it reflects only the symptoms described by the pet owner, therefore the close cooperation between the pet owner and the veterinarian is needed. The aims of the treatment are to decrease seizure frequency, duration, severity, and the total number of epileptic seizures that occurs with none or at least minimal adverse effects, to maximize the dog's and owner's quality of life. Currently, there is no guideline for choice of treatment and a final decision should be made on a case-by-case basis. Monotherapy is preferred...
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Differences between susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus)
Bartásková, Lenka ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Lecová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Departement of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lenka Bartásková Supervisor: Mgr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of the thesis: Differences between susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus) Haemonchus contortus is very common parasite. It can infect a large number of ruminant species and is a very dangerous parasite of sheep and goats worldwide. The infection caused by these worms is called haemonchosis. The symptoms are anaemia, loss of weight and death of the infected sheep and goats. Nowadays we can prevent this disease. The prevention of haemonchosis is available in the form of anthelmintic drugs. The most commonly administered drugs from this category are represented by benzimidazoles. However, the frequent use of anthelmintic leads to development of drug resistance in parasites. The resistance to anthelminthic drugs is caused by mutation at codon 200 of β-tubulin. The worms Haemonchus contortus can be divided into sub-groups according to their anthelmintic resistance. This thesis compares the number of alleles responsible for resistance in sensitive and resistant strains of Haemonchus contortus. A low percentage of the resistant allele is found in the sensitive strain ISE. In the resistant...
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The impact of selected isoflavonoids on the activity of enzymes participating in cytostatic drugs biotransformation
Verešová, Erika ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Lecová, Lenka (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Erika Verešová Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The impact of selected isoflavonoids on the activity of enzymes participating in cytostatic drugs biotransformation More and more people are suffering from cancer. Scientists are striving to turn to nature and find the help there. One of the possible answers to their questions would be usage of natural substances in either prevention or even treatment of cancer. Isoflavonoids, polyphenolic compounds occurring e.g. in soybeans, are one of them. Many scientists have already tested their influence on the human body. This thesis focuses on the possible effect of isoflavonoids on the activity of enzymes participating in biotransformation of cytostatic drugs. Experiments were performed on human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA- MB-231 exposed to isoflavonoids for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell line MCF-7 showed greater changes in the enzymatic activity than MDA-MB-231. Of the four enzymes tested (AKR1A1, AKR1C, CBR and GST), two enzymes showed no change in activity after exposure to isoflavonoids - enzymes CBR and AKR1C. Only one experiment brought the desired result for all isoflavones, genistein, daidzein...
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