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Functions of a female song in passerines
Kubíková, Tereza ; Petrusková, Tereza (advisor) ; Mikula, Peter (referee)
Female song in passerines was overlooked for a long time because it was assumed that only males sang, even though the first records of female singing appeared at the end of the 19th century. The sporadic singing of females was usually explained by an increase in the level of sex hormone but in reality, females probably sing for the same reasons as males, i.e. to defend their territory, attract a mate, or prevent extra-pair copulation. These functions of female song were discovered when ornithologists began to focus more on tropical songbirds. In fact, in the tropics, many species show sexual dimorphism, making distinguishing females from males easier. Partners also make long-term partnerships and they usually defend year-round territories together so it is advantageous for them to be synchronized in their songs too. For this reason, females sometimes join their partners in singing to make duets. Today, the female song has been recorded in many temperate songbirds and the number of species is gradually increasing but it is probably still overlooked in many species because females can be mistaken for males or because they sing only for short periods of time so it can be more difficult to capture their song. Keywords: female song, birds, function of female song, temperate zone
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Productivity of environment and colouration of South African birds
Kubíková, Tereza ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Albrecht, Tomáš (referee)
Understanding the relationships between species traits and the environment is essential for assessment of functional diversity. The variation in avian plumage colouration has attracted much scientific attention for a long time. It is thought that the colouration of birds is a product of interaction between environmental and sexual selection forces. Using two complementary three-matrix approaches (fourth-corner and RLQ analyses) I investigate geographical variation in plumage colouration of birds living along environmental gradient of productivity in South Africa. I suppose that productivity of environment could explain the part of variation in colouration of species at large geographical scales. I compiled information about 14 plumage traits for 649 species. Co- inertia analysis revealed that more vari-coloured species (e.g. with more saturated and vivid plumage), species with carotenoids in feather, blue-green or predominantly black species occur mainly in productive habitats such as moist savannas and woodlands in the north-east of the country. On the contrary pale species (e.g. greyishbrown), whose feathers are brighter (have higher values of brightness), occupy arid habitats in the west. It shows that another pattern such as iridescence, sexual dimorphism and brightness of particular body region exhibit...
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Microscopic structura and mechanical properties of aorta and pulmonary artery
Kubíková, Tereza ; Tonar, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee) ; Horný, Lukáš (referee)
Introduction: This dissertation thesis consists of seven studies, the common aim of which was to describe the functional histology of the aorta and some of its branches, as well as the pulmonary artery. The thesis focuses on analysis of the microscopic composition of various segments of the porcine aorta during ontogenesis as an experimental model, as well as cryopreserved samples of human aorta, pulmonary artery and their valves. Further it assesses damage to the renal artery during its denervation, and evaluates cell colonization of synthetic vascular substitutes after their implantation into the abdominal aortas of mice. The introduction gives an overview of the structure of the aorta and pulmonary artery and their valves, selected diseases affecting large vessels, and histological and biomechanical methods used for their characterization. Methods: We used the paraffin section method with basic and advanced stains, immunohistochemical detection of antigens (α-smooth muscular actin, desmin, vimentin, chondroitin sulfate, von Willebrand factor, neurofilament protein, tyrosine hydroxylase) and biomechanical tests (uniaxial tensile tests) for determination of ultimate strain, ultimate stress and Young's modulus of elasticity. We used stereological methods based on the interaction of test grids of...
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Microscopic structura and mechanical properties of aorta and pulmonary artery
Kubíková, Tereza ; Tonar, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee) ; Horný, Lukáš (referee)
Introduction: This dissertation thesis consists of seven studies, the common aim of which was to describe the functional histology of the aorta and some of its branches, as well as the pulmonary artery. The thesis focuses on analysis of the microscopic composition of various segments of the porcine aorta during ontogenesis as an experimental model, as well as cryopreserved samples of human aorta, pulmonary artery and their valves. Further it assesses damage to the renal artery during its denervation, and evaluates cell colonization of synthetic vascular substitutes after their implantation into the abdominal aortas of mice. The introduction gives an overview of the structure of the aorta and pulmonary artery and their valves, selected diseases affecting large vessels, and histological and biomechanical methods used for their characterization. Methods: We used the paraffin section method with basic and advanced stains, immunohistochemical detection of antigens (α-smooth muscular actin, desmin, vimentin, chondroitin sulfate, von Willebrand factor, neurofilament protein, tyrosine hydroxylase) and biomechanical tests (uniaxial tensile tests) for determination of ultimate strain, ultimate stress and Young's modulus of elasticity. We used stereological methods based on the interaction of test grids of...
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Productivity of environment and colouration of South African birds
Kubíková, Tereza ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Albrecht, Tomáš (referee)
Understanding the relationships between species traits and the environment is essential for assessment of functional diversity. The variation in avian plumage colouration has attracted much scientific attention for a long time. It is thought that the colouration of birds is a product of interaction between environmental and sexual selection forces. Using two complementary three-matrix approaches (fourth-corner and RLQ analyses) I investigate geographical variation in plumage colouration of birds living along environmental gradient of productivity in South Africa. I suppose that productivity of environment could explain the part of variation in colouration of species at large geographical scales. I compiled information about 14 plumage traits for 649 species. Co- inertia analysis revealed that more vari-coloured species (e.g. with more saturated and vivid plumage), species with carotenoids in feather, blue-green or predominantly black species occur mainly in productive habitats such as moist savannas and woodlands in the north-east of the country. On the contrary pale species (e.g. greyishbrown), whose feathers are brighter (have higher values of brightness), occupy arid habitats in the west. It shows that another pattern such as iridescence, sexual dimorphism and brightness of particular body region exhibit...
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Perception of draws of special shape
Kubíková, Tereza ; Kaslová, Michaela (advisor) ; Pilous, Derek (referee)
This bachelor work studies the Perception of draws of special shape. The objective is to determine whether the success in reproduction of images grows in accordance with the age of a child. The problem is beeing examined on a group of ten children. Five boys and five girls, all between the age of five to seven years. Research was carried out in Prague Montessori infant school. In the first part of theoretical section I discuss child mind development according to developmental psychology. The second part of theoretical section is dedicated to mathematical point of view. Both of these chapters are necessary for practical section of my Bachelor work.
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Promotion for selected company
KUBÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to analyze the promotion in the company selling designer clothes Masterpiece. The owner is thinking of opening a new business and my thesis should help in the decision to create and realize an advertising campaign.
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