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Nutritional status of patients hospitalized for diabetic foot syndrome - retrospective analysis
Horáková, Markéta ; Gojda, Jan (advisor) ; Krauzová, Eva (referee)
Diabetic foot syndrome is a serious chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, caused by a number of factors such as neuropathy, angiopathy, infection, and above all, this syndrome is consequence of a poor diabetes compensation and cardiovascular risk factors. It is characterized by particularly impaired wound healing and a higher tendency to chronicity, which can often be a reason for disability of the patient. Nutrition plays a very important role in a patient hospitalized with diabetic foot syndrome, as adequate coverage of energy and nutritional needs is essential for successful treatment and healing of ulcers. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis first mentions diabetes mellitus, its basic characteristics and briefly describes the types of diabetes that are associated with diabetic foot syndrome. Acute and chronic complications of diabetes are also discussed, followed by a more extensive chapter on the diabetic foot syndrome itself. This is the very definition of the term, epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this syndrome. The last chapter deals briefly with general nutritional recommendations for diabetics and the nutritional status of patients in which they are most often found when they are admitted to hospital, which is malnutrition,...
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Effect of nutritional intervention on characteristics of adipose tissue in obese
Krauzová, Eva ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Taxová Braunerová, Radka (referee)
Obesity is the world's most widespread metabolic disease and its continous rise in prevalence is alarming. The severity of obesity is that it is associated with a significant increase in the risk of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease and some types of cancer. Obesity thus contributes significantly to increasing the cost of healthcare system. Preventing the aforementioned diseases is essential to reduce this burden. This is based both on the prevention of obesity itself, on the other hand, on the knowledge and consequent influence on the mechanisms of metabolic disorders associated with obesity. These disorders are based on changes in key metabolic organs: adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas. The present thesis is focused on obesity- induced disorders of adipose tissue at the metabolic, endocrine and immune levels, presented as dysfunctional adipose tissue. Special attention was paid to the detrimental effect of elevated levels of basic macronutrients (carbohydrates and lipids) and, on the other hand, to the beneficial effects of low calorie diets on molecular characteristics of adipose tissue. The acquired knowledge illuminates the mechanisms of action of nutritional stimuli on adipose tissue dysfunction at the molecular and...
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