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Gender differences in competitiveness in the case of distance runners in the Czech Republic
Kouklík, Jakub ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Tříska, Dušan (referee)
Contemporary literature says that women are less competitive than men. In this thesis I find out if this is the case even in an environment of elite Czech distant runners. Statistical and econometric methods applied to the data from the years 2006-2013 reveal significant differences between the sexes across all distances from 1 500 meters to marathon. These are the highest in the longest distances when Czech men run marathons five times faster than Czech women. Furthermore, I show that the gender gap in competitiveness remains constant on the track races, but in the road racing is declining. And because the acceleration among women occurs primarily in the lower ranks of the elite, it is concurrently valid "biological-predisposition" hypothesis, which is based on a constant differences between men and women due to biological differences, and "economic-incentive" hypothesis, according to which the differences is decreasing due to increasing returns of success in the form of the same financial rewards for winning. Completely fastest women act according to the first-mentioned, next best female runners according to the second. Finally, I suggest that growing quantity of women in road races plays substantial role in the women's approaching to men.
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How business cycle affects marriage rate?
Kouklík, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
The thesis finds out how business cycle (expressed as unemployment rate) affects marriage rate. The regression analysis has been done using fixed effects method with inclusion of robust errors on panel data of European Union countries from 2000 to 2010. Analysis confirmed significance of researched relationship. 1% increase in men's unemployment rate is connected with 0, 08% decrease in growth rate of marriage rate, which is caused by decreasing of demand for men because of lower incomes. On the contrary increase of women's unemployment rate about 1 % is connected with 0, 06% increase in growth rate of marriage rate, which indicates confirmation of women's economic independence hypothesis. Other significant variables were ratio of women to working population and income ratio. Whereas an increasing proportion of women in labor population causes decline in growth rate of marriage rate, women's catching up with men's income raises growth rate of marriage rate.
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