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The effect of heavy metals on plant carbohydrate metabolism
Kofroňová, Monika ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Podlipná, Radka (referee)
Arsenic is an element which belongs to metaloids. Contamination with arsenic is a problem all over the world. Basically it is a part of Earth's crust, but with anthropogenic activities it could overspread into soil, water and air in large scale a thus it could mean health hazard. Fytoremediation is kind of environment decontamination, which is quite effective and cheap as well. Publications about arsenic and its influence on plant metabolism are mostly focused on important crop plants like rice. Rice is mostly used for experiments and questions on anatomical and morphological changes are widely being solved by these experiments, but it has only insignificant relevance for fytoremediation. There are only few publications about arsenic influence on carbohydrate metabolism, thus little is known about this problem. That is why I have decided to study this topic more deeply and get more information about carbohydrate metabolic changes under influence of arsenic and partly also under influence of mercury, because information about influence of mercury are completely lacking. My experimental material includes tobacco plant, tobacco tissue cultures and horseradish hairy roots cultures. Accumulation of starch and soluble carbohydrate spectrum and content was determined by HPLC. Furthermore arsenic influence...
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Role of carbohydrate metabolism in defence against oxidative stress induced by arsenic
Kofroňová, Monika ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Száková, Jiřina (referee) ; Kovalíková, Zuzana (referee)
Heavy metal contamination significantly reduces crop yields, causing serious problems in agriculture and having a major impact on human health if these contaminants enter the food chain. Understanding the mechanisms of plant responses could help to increase their resistance to heavy metals as well as their potential use in phytoremediation. Carbohydrates play an important role in plant growth and development as well as in defense reactions. This work summarizes the results of four publications focused on the effects of arsenic and thorium on antioxidant mechanisms in tobacco plants and horseradish root crops. Attention is paid, among other things, to the dynamics of sugar contents, which are potentially important molecules involved in the fight against oxidative stress. The first publication summarizes arsenic effects on plant physiological parameters, focusing on arsenic tolerance-enhancing mechanisms as well as summarizing the ability of plants to cope with arsenic-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress. Emphasis was placed on, among other things, a topic that was unjustly neglected in previous publications - i.e. carbohydrate metabolism. Further work was already experimental and dealt with the study of arsenic as a trigger of oxidative stress in the root culture of horseradish and...
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The effect of heavy metals on plant carbohydrate metabolism
Kofroňová, Monika ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Podlipná, Radka (referee)
Arsenic is an element which belongs to metaloids. Contamination with arsenic is a problem all over the world. Basically it is a part of Earth's crust, but with anthropogenic activities it could overspread into soil, water and air in large scale a thus it could mean health hazard. Fytoremediation is kind of environment decontamination, which is quite effective and cheap as well. Publications about arsenic and its influence on plant metabolism are mostly focused on important crop plants like rice. Rice is mostly used for experiments and questions on anatomical and morphological changes are widely being solved by these experiments, but it has only insignificant relevance for fytoremediation. There are only few publications about arsenic influence on carbohydrate metabolism, thus little is known about this problem. That is why I have decided to study this topic more deeply and get more information about carbohydrate metabolic changes under influence of arsenic and partly also under influence of mercury, because information about influence of mercury are completely lacking. My experimental material includes tobacco plant, tobacco tissue cultures and horseradish hairy roots cultures. Accumulation of starch and soluble carbohydrate spectrum and content was determined by HPLC. Furthermore arsenic influence...
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