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Faktory ovlivňující počet somatických buněk v kozím mléce
Kocourková, Lenka
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the factors influencing the number of so-matic cells in goat milk. The first part is devoted to the history of goat breeding in the world and the Czech Republic. Some important breeds of dairy goats are described here, including their brief characteristics and also the development of the numbers of the animals kept. The second part describes and evaluates the basic indicators of milk, which are used as indicators used to predict the quality of milk, especially the content of protein, lactose, milk fat, degree of acidity (SH), pH and electrical conduc-tivity of milk. The number of somatic cells in milk is largely influenced by external and internal factors such as breed, nutrition, lactation, health, breeding technology and milking technology and hygiene. This indicator is so significant that it becomes one of the main criteria for assessing the quality of raw milk. Therefore, the last part of the thesis is devoted to the evaluation of the causes of the increase in the number of so-matic cells in milk in relation to external and internal factors and especially in relation to physiology and diseases of the mammary gland.
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Prevention of nosocomial infections origin and spreading in Český Krumlov a.s. hospital
KOCOURKOVÁ, Lenka
The present Bachelor thesis focuses primarily on the prevention of occurrence of hospital-acquired infections and the causes of spread of these infections across healthcare facilities. The thesis relies on active communication with the coordinator for management of quality and safety of nursing care, who helpfully provided me with valid information and documents relating to the system of hospital-acquired infection prevention, and arranged for sampling for microbiological examinations in postoperative care departments (ONP) - ONP II and ONP - C III, the hospital Nemocnice Český Krumlov a.s. The Bachelor thesis consists of a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge related to nosocomial infections as such, the division and manner of transmission, with an emphasis of prevention of occurrence of these infections and spread of the same among "healthy hospitalized persons." The practical part explores the hospital's approved internal documents aimed at prevention of nosocomial infections and training of staff in the healthcare facility. Moreover, the practical part also verifies the prevention of nosocomial infections by means of microbiological tests. The entire research was carried out in cooperation with two hospitals: Nemocnice Český Krumlov a.s., i.e. the location of sampling, and Nemocnice a.s. Prachatice, the location of microbiological processing. The laboratory-based research part was solved in a microbiology laboratory in the hospital Nemocnice Prachatice a.s., with the aim of identifying the individual microorganisms from the smears taken in the postoperative care department in the hospital in Český Krumlov. These smears reflect the quality of the performed hygiene in connection with the risk of occurrence of nosocomial infections. In addition to laboratory-based research activities, the present thesis also examines the current quality and processing of the hospital's internal documents relating to the prevention of nosocomial infections and the training schedule for the hospital's staff in this respect - trainings are conducted on an annual basis. The thesis is concluded by a summary of isolated microorganisms and comparison of these microorganisms in the framework of the two hospital departments. Last but not least, the presence of highly infectious agents for occurrence of nosocomial infections is excluded on the basis of valid legislation. The thesis also provides a result of qualitative processing in a form of recommendations e.g. for improvement of purpose-directed cleaning. The thesis may therefore be used as a tool for improving awareness of this problem area.
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