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Hippocampal coding of positions of inaccessible objects
Hrůzová, Karolína ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Kudláček, Jan (referee)
The survival of the animals depends on their ability to memorize locations and to use behavioral spatial navigation strategies. The crucial structure for this type of behavior and memory is the hippocampus, by its ability to create a cognitive map. In this structure, there are specialized pyramidal cell called place cells. They respond by their complex firing pattern to specific animal's location in the environment. Even though many studies have investigated the role of hippocampal pyramidal cells in spatial navigation and object position discrimination, their function during inaccessible object position discrimination is not yet clarified. In our experiment, rats were trained in a behavioral task to discriminate between rewarded and nor- rewarded positions of object located in an inaccessible space. We investigated the role of individual hippocampal cells during this task by single neuron electrophysiology. The first aim of this study was to decide which of two configurations of objects presented on a computer screen during spatial object discrimination task rats can discriminate easily. The second aim is to show whether and how information about the position of inaccessible objects is represented in the hippocampus using single-neuron electrophysiology. We found out, that animals did not reach...
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Hippocampal coding of positions of inaccessible objects
Hrůzová, Karolína ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Kudláček, Jan (referee)
The survival of the animals depends on their ability to memorize locations and to use behavioral spatial navigation strategies. The crucial structure for this type of behavior and memory is the hippocampus, by its ability to create a cognitive map. In this structure, there are specialized pyramidal cell called place cells. They respond by their complex firing pattern to specific animal's location in the environment. Even though many studies have investigated the role of hippocampal pyramidal cells in spatial navigation and object position discrimination, their function during inaccessible object position discrimination is not yet clarified. In our experiment, rats were trained in a behavioral task to discriminate between rewarded and nor- rewarded positions of object located in an inaccessible space. We investigated the role of individual hippocampal cells during this task by single neuron electrophysiology. The first aim of this study was to decide which of two configurations of objects presented on a computer screen during spatial object discrimination task rats can discriminate easily. The second aim is to show whether and how information about the position of inaccessible objects is represented in the hippocampus using single-neuron electrophysiology. We found out, that animals did not reach...
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Dysfunctions of interneurons in schizophrenia
Hrůzová, Karolína ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Weissová, Kamila (referee)
Schizophrenia is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by abnormal behaviours, perception and thoughts. It is a neurodevelopmental disease of two types of factors - genetic predispositions and environmental factors. The exact cause of schizophrenia remains, however, elusive. Interneurons are types of neurons, mostly exerting inhibitory action and their dysfunctions are associated with pathogenesis of schizophrenia. They are essential in the generation of neuronal oscillations, which play an important role in cognitive functions. Disruption of these oscillations (especially gamma band) could be paralleled by negative, positive or cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. These interactions could be possible discerned with an innovative technique called optogenetics. Optogenetics is a combination of genetic and optical approaches to controlling activity of specific targeted neurons. With this method we can study animal models of schizophrenia with great insight, which could give us an explanation of abnormalities in behaviour caused by neuronal disruption. Keywords: schizophrenia; interneurons; animal models; neuronal oscillations; optogenetics
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