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Perceptions of Justice in Postmodern Societies
Heráčková, Lucie ; Mazák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
Lucie Heráčková Abstract Factors for interpreting the social world as just The concept of justice refers to the interrelationship between the individual and the general welfare. However, the concept of "justice" is not clearly defined in sociology. According to Emile Durkheim, justice is a state that is required by social groups to maintain cohesion. Scheonfeld & Mestrovic (1989) argue that justice can be seen as equivalent to Durkheim's solidarity given that the means for acquiring justice are important for maintaining solidarity in society. Modern sociology often distinguishes between distributive and procedural justice (Šanderová, 2017), the former noting the perceived fairness of the resulting distribution of rewards and sanctions, while the latter the fairness of the process that leads to this distribution. For distributive justice, it may be analytically important to distinguish between the level of distribution of goods (who receives valuable resources and for what) and the distribution of sanctions (how and who will be punished if they act against the common good) (Šanderová, 2017). A situation where an individual's perception of justice is positive is a desirable phenomenon for the maintenance of social order. Conversely, a negative perception of justice promotes alternative actions and becomes a...
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