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Diversity of CD8+ T-cell adaptive immune responses
Paprčková, Darina ; Štěpánek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee) ; Gerrard, Audrey (referee)
CD8+ T cells are specialized immune cells that recognize and eliminate infected or malignant cells by directly attacking and destroying them. Moreover, their ability to form long-lasting memory responses ensures a rapid immune defense upon subsequent encounters with the same pathogens, making them indispensable for overall immune system function and maintaining health. Despite all of this, many aspects of their biology are still not well understood. The main objective of this thesis is to delve deeply into the adaptive immune responses of CD8+ T cells, focusing on elucidating several critical aspects. Firstly, we conducted a review and a research study of T-cell receptor (TCR) self-reactivity to understand its influence on immune responses. Intriguingly, experimental findings revealed that the degree of TCR self-reactivity did not impact the magnitude or type of the immune response. Instead, it played a decisive role in determining the fate commitment of CD8+ T cells in the periphery during homeostasis, shedding light on a nuanced regulatory mechanism. Another part of the research probed into per-cell differences of activated naïve and memory T cells. This investigation unveiled the remarkable potency of memory T cells to generate long- lived effector memory T cells. In contrast, naïve T cells...
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