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Effects of management and natural disturbance on oribatid mites in montane forest
FARSKÁ, Jitka
The thesis studied effects of forest management and natural disturbance on oribatid mites in montane forests in South Bohemia (Czech Republic). We focused on the influence of (1) spruce monoculture establishment on the former beech forest, (2) management intensification in spruce forest and (3) forest dieback after bark-beetle outbreak. The impacts were pronounced especially like changes in species composition and distribution of functional traits.
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Microarthropods and microbial participation in oak and beech litter decomposition
Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna ; Jirout, Jiří ; Petrásek, Jiří ; Čápová, Lenka ; Rusek, Josef ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Elhottová, Dana ; Starý, Josef
The aim of our work was to describe the impact of a simulated vegetation zone shift to higher altitudes (i) on the quantity and quality of microarthropods and microbial communities, and (ii) on the decomposition rate of allochthonous leaf litter. In November 2002, 480 litterbags filled with oak or beech leaf litter were placed into spruce and beech forests (950 m a. s. l.) on Kleť Mt. (1083 m; Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, South Bohemia). Three different mesh sizes were used for certain soil biota exclusion: > 2 mm, 0.5 mm and 42 μm. Litterbags were sampled after 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of exposure in the field. Litter pH and moisture were determined in the laboratory immediately after retrieval. Soil microarthropods (Oribatida, Gamasida and Collembola) were extracted using Tullgren funnels. Soil bacteria and micromycetes were isolated using the dilution plate method and specific growth media.
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Long-term impact of forestry management on soil mesofauna (Oribatida, Collembola) biodiversity in spruce forests in the Šumava National Park
Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna
The aim of our research is to compare Oribatid and Collembolan communities in climax spruce forest and spruce plantations. Soil samples were collected in five study sites in the Šumava National Park (5 in climax spruce forest and 5 in spruce plantation) and soil microarthropods were extracted. Oribatida and Collembola were determined to species level. Preliminary results show quantitative and qualitative changes in the community structure. Some euedaphic species do not occur in the samples from spruce plantations in comparison to the climax forests. Silvicultural practices are well known to affect microarthropod communities that are very sensitive to fluctuations in soil humidity and temperature.
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Přitažlivost listového opadu pro pancířníky – experiment s opadovými sáčky
Farská, Jitka
Oribatid mites in litterbags and in soil samples were studied during one year. The litterbags with oak or beech litter were exposed in beech and spruce forest on the Kleť Mt. (Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, Czech Republic). Four habitat-litter combinations were investigated - oak litter in beech forest, oak litter in spruce forest, beech litter in beech forest and beech litter in spruce forest. Soil samples were taken from oak, beech and spruce forests. Species diversity of oribatid mites increased with litter decomposition in the litterbags. Communities of oribatid mites in the litterbags exposed in spruce forest had higher species richness (59 species) than those exposed in beech forest (33 species). Species composition was dependent on the forest type where the litterbags were exposed. The influence of the litter type on the oribatid community was lower. Communities in the litterbags and in the soil samples were compared.
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Změny ve společenstvech půdní mikroflóry a mesofauny během rozkladu listového opadu ve dvou vegetačních zónách - litter bag experiment
Jirout, Jiří ; Petrásek, Jiří ; Čápová, Lenka ; Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna ; Rusek, Josef ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Elhottová, Dana ; Starý, Josef ; Nováková, Alena
The hypothesis, whether autochthonous species of soil biota are able to decompose litter from lower vegetation zones in higher zones, was tested by field trial. Litterbags with litter of beech (.i.Fagus sylvatica./i. L.) and/or oak (.i.Quercus robur./i. L.) were exposed in beech and spruce forest on the mountain Kleť (Protected Landscape Area Blanský les). Litterbags layout simulated vegetation zones shift to the higher altitude induced by global warming. There were used litterbags with three different mesh size (42 µm, 0,5 mm, 2 mm) for exclusion of certain parts of edaphon. Several changes of soil bacteria and micromycetes, oribatid mites, springtails and gamasid mites were studied during two years of exposition. There were exposed 480 litterbags at the start of the experiment (November 2002). After 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 months of exposition parts of all litterbags were recovered. Immediately after the sampling litter pH(KCl), moisture and mass loss were measured.
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