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Testing of primers for real-time PCR-HRM analysis of fruit products containing one fruit species
Boháčová, Barbora ; Dzurendová, Simona (referee) ; Fialová, Lenka (advisor)
Determining the authenticity of fruit products, which are often counterfeited by substituting part of a more expensive fruit with a cheaper but botanically similar fruit, is a current topic in the food industry. A prime example is the dilution of apricot products with peach puree. This study focuses on testing specific primers AGS18 and PdCass to reveal the true proportion of apricot content in model products mixed with peach puree using PCR analysis followed by HRM analysis. Testing of these primers for authenticity determination revealed limited utility of AGS18 primers due to the formation of small amount or no specific products during reactions with fruit DNA. PdCass primers required PCR condition optimization, but subsequently, specific DNA sequences from fruit leaves could be amplified in sufficient quantities. PCR analysis of DNA from model products with PdCass primers provided specific products in samples with apricot content of 70% or less. HRM analysis of samples and calculation of GCP did not distinguish purees with 0%, 10%, and 30% apricot content. However, purees with 50% and 70% apricot content exhibited significantly different melting curves compared to other samples.
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Development of natural cosmetics emulsions with encapsulated active substances
Chrápavá, Edita ; Dzurendová, Simona (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
In recent years, there is a increase of consumer interest in products, which in some way help a more favourable ecological sustainability, whether it is a reduction of emissions during mass production, easier breakdown of chemicals in wastewater, or harmlessness of products and ingredients from which products are made. This topic also affected the cosmetic industry in a big way, and they were thus forced to start adapting not only smaller brands of natural cosmetics, but also large companies. As a result, bigger companies started to pay more attention to research of natural substances for cosmetics and the development of natural alternatives to synthetic ingredients. At the same time, there is also increasing interest in the effects of Eastern medicine mushrooms and their beneficial effects on both physical and mental health. This thesis focuses on the connection of these two topics, the analysis of plant extracts and extracts of medicinal mushrooms on one side and their potential cosmetic use on the other. Subsequently, a cosmetic product was designed made from ingredients of natural origin with encapsulated extracts from these natural ingredients as active substances
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Biotechnological production of yeast metabolites under combined stress
Baťková, Zuzana ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Dzurendová, Simona (advisor)
This master's thesis focuses on utilizing waste whey for the biotechnological production of carotenogenic yeast biomass and its valuable metabolites such as carotenoids, ubiquinone, ergosterol, fatty acids, and -glucans. Combined stress conditions were used to evaluate the influence on the yeast biomass metabolites production. These metabolites find applications in various industries, for example pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food. The thesis is divided into theoretical and experimental parts. The theoretical section describes the composition of whey and its valorization in various industries. Selected carotenogenic yeasts and their metabolites are also presented. Furthermore, the impact of nutritional, oxidative stress, and the influence of metals on the production of yeast biomass and metabolites are described. The experimental part is reporting the whey treatment, yeasts biomass production and methods for the determination of individual metabolites. Five strains of red yeasts were used in this thesis: Cystofilobasidium macerans (CCY 10-1-2), Phaffia rhodozyma (CCY 77-1-1), Sporobolomyces shibatanus (CCY 19-9-6), Rhodotorula kratochvilovae (CCY 20-2-26) and Rhodotorula toruloides (CYY 62-2-4). The strain Cystofilobasidium macerans showed the best results for the utilization of whey substrate under the influence of combined stress, especially in biomass, lipid, and -glucan production. A promising strain in carotenoid production under combined stress was Sporobolomyces shibatanus.
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