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Flow cytometry used in study of man`s infertility.
Kutová, Radka ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Background: Currently infertility of couples is a major problem, whereas the share of man and woman in infertility disorder is alike. It is important to discover the cause of infertility as soon as possible. The diagnostic possibilities of male infertility detection include the examination of sperm by flow cytometry and microscopic examination of semen. Aims: The aim of our work is to draw up an overview of the possible causes of male infertility and a summary of possible examination of semen using flow cytometry. Next aim is to evaluate the data measured by flow cytometry obtained from men over the years 2008, 2009 and 2010 at the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, and determine interdependencies between the measured sperm parameters. Further, the work deals with the methodology optimization in examination of semen using flow cytometry. Methods: Determination of sperm parameters (sperm count and leukocyte count, sperm vitality, acrosom status and presence of intra-acrosomal protein) was performed using flow cytometer Cytomics FC 500 with CXP analytic software. The method used is based on the test SpermFlow from the company Exbio. Semen samples were obtained from 163 men. Results: Statistical analysis of our data set showed that men...
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Diagnostics of syphilis
Branská, Lenka ; Paterová, Pavla (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Author: Lenka Branská Title: Diagnostic of syfilis Bachler work Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Field of study: Medical laboratory technician, combined study form Background: The thesis is written in a literary review. The main objective is to summarize knowledge of the diagnosis of syphilis which is caused by a pathogenic bacterium of the genus Treponema Treaponema pallidum subsp. Pallidum. Main findings: Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. p. pallidum) is the causative agent of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease affecting more than 12 million people worldwide each year and it can be effectively treated with penicillin. Untreated syphilis has primary (local), secondary (disseminated), and tertiary (chronic) stages, and infection can persist for the lifetime of the patient. Diagnosis of syphilis is based primarily on indirect diagnostics, it can be divided according to the origin of the antigen non-treponemal (non-specific) and treponemal reactions (specific). Non- treponemal tests detect nonspecific antibody optionally cardiolipin, a phospholipid component constituting the cell membranes. Nonspecific antibodies after the effective treatment disappear over several weeks to months but specific IgG remain detectable for a long time. These reactions can...
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Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection
Štrofová, Simona ; Voxová, Barbora (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Simona Štrofová Supervisor: PharmDr. Barbora Voxová Title of diploma thesis: Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection Abstract The issue of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a very hot topic in gastroenterology and it evolves rapidly due to a great amount of new information. HP is a spiral bacterium colonizating human gaster and duodenum. The bacterium itself is adapted to the acid enviroment of the gaster. Since its first characterization by Marshall and Warren in 1984, the HP has been known as an agens causeing gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Besides its well-demonstrated role in gastroduodenal disease, some authors have proposed a link between HP and number of extragastric disease involving the cardiovascular, dermatological, hematological and immunological systems. The HP infection can be diagnosed by several methods. These are classified as either invasive or non-invasive according to the use of endoscopy. The invasive ones are histological examination, rapid urease test, cultivation and some molecular techniques. The non-invasive ones are serological examination, breath test and a detection of HP antigen in stools. The last method mentioned is simple,...
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Cardiochirurgical intervention ? model of inflammatory response.
Hovorková, Romana ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Background. Cardiosurgery operation evokes irritations by the patients. It produces a cascade of reactions, in which there are factors sustaining irritation on one side, and on the other side factors which inhibit it. My thesis deal with the irritation factors, which are produced during a cardiosurgery operation. Methods. We compared serum levels of TNFR-60, TNFR-80, IL-6 and sIL-6R by patients undergoing a bypass operation with the use of an extracorporeal circulation (n=22 people), or patients who were operated on the beating heart (n=22 people) or patients operated from the minithorakotomy with the use of an extracorporeal circulation ("mini on pump") (n=22 people). Blood samples were bleeded before and during an operation and the first, second and fifth day after the operation. Levels of the cytokines and soluble receptors mentioned above were determined by the help of ELISA sets made by Bender MedSystems (Austria). Results. The level of TNFR-60 by the patients who were operated on the beating heart was significantly higher just after the operation, however it culminated on the second post-operative day. The same result was proved by the patients who were operated from minithorakotomy with the use of extracorporeal circulation. By the patients who were operated with the use of extracorporeal...
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Diagnosis of Allergies Caused by Immunoglobulin E.
Drahošová, Vlasta ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
In this bachelor work we have tried to handle the topic Diagnostics of the allergies mediated by the immunoglobulin E. The aim was to shortly and clearly describe the allergy from the beginning to the end. The work has been divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the origin of the allergy from the molecule to the clinical demonstration has been described. However it is mainly dealt with the diagnostic tests, which should show us how such allergy is being discovered. With regard to the fact that this part is very wide, the most important and most widely used tests have been chosen. The therapy has been mentioned only very briefly. For the easier orientation the images and schemes have been used. In the practical part the examination results of the overall and specific IgE for the whole year 2010 from the attraction zone of Hospital in Havlíčkův Brod have been covered. The main aim of this part was to find out some data about the allergy evolution in our environment. We hoped that we might have found interesting results; and we think this has happened in some cases; in the others the old and known truths have been confirmed.
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Autoantibodies in women with infertility
Kopřivová, Helena ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Author: Helena Kopřivová Title: Autoantibodies in women with infertility Fieldof study: Medical laboratory technician, combined study form Aim of the thesis: In the thesis I have attempted to summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between the presence of autoimmune diseases or autoantibodies and infertility, with a focus on sterility. I compared these findings with the presence of autoantibodies and in relation to their occurrence in a group of 150 women who were referred to a detailed examination from a reproductive immunologist. Main findings: Infertility affects approximately 10 % of the world's population. For most of the women affected the cause of infertility is known. Approximately 10 % of women's infertility falls under the category of "unknown reasons". In a study group of 150 women it was necessary to exclude immunological problems that prevented pregnancy or led to repeated abortions. In our study group, 46 % of the infertile women were diagnosed with any of a variety of autoimmune diseases before visiting the center for assisted reproduction. In their cases, an early and proper diagnosis of autoimmune disease was a prerequisite to subsequent treatment techniques of assisted reproduction. The presence of positive antinuclear factor was very significant. Testing for...
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New biomarkers in diagnostics and monitoring of immunopathological inflammation in patients with psoriasis.
Volencová, Soňa ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Drahošová, Marcela (referee)
Psoriasis is one of the most frequent cutaneous diseases, the prevalence of psoriasis in population is around 2-3%. Diagnosis is based on typical manifestation, anamnesis and histopathological examination. Effectality is assessed by localization, course and measure of the disease. Plaque psoriasis appears as raised areas covered with silvery white scaly skin. T-lymphocytes play the most important role in immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. There is a prevalence of Th1 lymphocytes. Genetics factors have a role in predisposition to disease. Psoriasis is associated with the alleles from the MHC. In the treatment of psoriasis is usually used topical and systemic therapy and phototherapy. Biologic treatment of psoriasis is now possible due to the method of molecular genetic. We determine concetrations of sCD28, sCD30, endoglin, MCP-1, Apo-1/fas and Fas ligand by ELISA. Follow-up file was made by 38 patients. We investigated importance of these markers for the diagnosis and monitoring of psoriasis. We detected that Apo-1/fas and sCD28 are suitable markers for assignation of diagnosis, while Fas ligand, sCD30 and endoglin may be used for monitoring of disease and evaluation the effectivity of therapy.
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