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Demography and Security in Sub-Saharan Africa
Bankóová, Valéria ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Řehák, Vilém (referee)
Given the current trend of rapid population growth, especially in the global South, the question what the implications of rapid demographic change are for security should receive increased attention. The recently established field of political demography has endeavoured to explore the causal relationship between these two factors, but still relatively few studies exist which would apply political demography theory on specific empirical cases. In this thesis, I have therefore examined the case of the First Congo War, as well as selected conflict events in eastern Congo predating it. Firstly, I have looked at the security implications of population change in the colonial and later in the post-independence era, especially in the Kivu provinces located in eastern Congo. Secondly, I examined the Rwandan genocide from a political demography perspective. Finally, I enquired how the massive Rwandan refugee wave to eastern Congo in the aftermath of the genocide played a role in the eruption of the First Congo War. The selected case study approach proved to be useful in both expanding our understanding of the causes of conflict outbreak in the observed region, and further developing political demography theory by drawing attention to a number of so far largely overlooked aspects. It has highlighted the need...
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Korene a súčasnosť radikálneho islamizmu v západnom Saheli
Bankóová, Valéria ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Beránek, Ondřej (referee)
In recent years, Nigeria has seen an upsurge of radical Islamism in its north-east. The insurrection instigated by the violent Islamist sect, Boko Haram, received considerable media and political attention around the globe. Its origins and motives are, however, not fully understood and often misinterpreted. This thesis therefore looks at the phenomenon of religiously motivated violence in northern Nigeria from a diachronic perspective. It endeavours to shed some light on the current situation and tendencies by pointing out how they are linked to previous development and how they draw upon former movements. It also attempts to identify some recurring patterns in the ideology and motivations of respective violent Islamist groups that have marked Nigerian history. In the first section of the thesis, the Fulani jihad of the Shehu Usman dan Fodio is addressed, followed by an overview of the Izala movement of Abubakar Gumi, the Shiite movement of Ibrahim El-Zakzaky, and the Maitatsine revolts in Kano and its surroundings. The thesis concludes with an analysis of the origins, development, and motives of Boko Haram, in the light of previously discussed violent religious movements.
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The Jasmine Revolution and the position of Women in Tunisian Society: Development Before and After
Bankóová, Valéria ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
The extensive revolutionary wave called the Arab Spring, which broke out at the end of 2010 in Tunisia, has brought about unseen changes in the political and social configuration of the Arab world. Protests were marked by extraordinary support across all social classes and especially in the case of Tunisia women played a significant role in the success of the revolution and the pursuing of political reforms. For this reason, the main objective of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse and compare the position of women in Tunisian society before and after the revolution on the turn of the years 2010 and 2011. The comparison focuses on three main areas: politics, law and economics. Deriving from the conclusions of this assessment, the thesis also aims at revealing more general tendencies of the political and social development of Tunisia after the Arab Spring. The thesis analyses the development of the status of women, including legislation concerned with gender, from Tunisia's acquiring of independence from France in 1956 until the adoption of a new democratic constitution at the beginning of 2014. Considerable attention is paid at the watershed events of the Tunisian Revolution and their effects on the society as a whole, with particular emphasis on the changes in the position of women in the public sphere....
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