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The Golden Age of Kouřim. Selected chapters from the history of the town from 1547 to 1620
Šťastný, Daniel ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The presented thesis covers the analysis of a large number of written sources of urban provenance, mainly from the activities of the town administration, guilds and the court. The subject of the analysis is an extensive microhistorical probe into the history of the former royal town of Kouřim in the period 1547-1620. The thesis focuses on the history of administration, education, economy and urban and social topography. Selected chapters from the history of the town are compared with the situation in other former Czech royal towns of similar size, importance and structure, especially Beroun and other towns geographically close to Kouřim. The aim of the work is to contribute to the history of early modern society, the history and identity of Kouřim and to point out the specifics of the particular local market and its development in a provincial context, as well as local administration and urban education. Among other things, the conclusions of the thesis can serve as a basis for further research on Kouřim and the subsequent elaboration of a more comprehensive monograph on the history of the town, which has been missing so far.
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Examination Commission for Teaching at Secondary Schools in Prague
Hlaváč, Marek ; Sekyrková, Milada (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to map the history of Examination Commission for Teaching at Secondary Schools in Prague. The tuition at Austrian gymnasiums (university preparatory schools) was greatly outdated due to the development of Austrian society and the technological advances in the second half of the nineteenth century. The main reason for this problem was the uncoordinated pedagogical and didactic training of the teachers. Therefore, Common conditions for teaching at grammar schools were published in 1849 and examination commissions were established at Austrian universities. Among them was also The Charles-Ferdinand University. The cultural emancipation of Czechs caused a division between commissions for teaching at Czech and German grammar schools in 1871. The exams were compulsory for teaching at Realschulen (technical and applied studies schools) from 1870 and for teaching at all types of secondary schools from 1911. Both commissions were still in operation at Charles University and German University in Prague during the times of the First Czechoslovak Republic. This thesis focuses on legislative and organizational aspects of those exams in Prague which dictated the future formation of the Czech secondary education system between 1849 and 1950, when the Czech Commission was dissolved. The...
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Middle European Military Camps in 1550-1650
Andresová, Klára ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the problematics of the military camps of Christian armies in the Central Europe between 1550-1650. We focus on the camps of the Habsburg Monarchy and German lands, yet some space is given to the situation in Poland and Hungary. The introductory chapters consist of a characterization of the source material and an overview of the present state of research. Furthermore, excursuses into several topics related to the military camps of the early modern period are made. Thus, characterizations of the crucial war conflicts of the period, contemporary strategies and tactics, principals, composition and equipment of the armies, of the ranks, and of the life of soldiers are provided. The core of this work is an interpretation and comparison of treatises written by military theorists, who dealt with the problematics of camps, namely of the works by Jan Tarnowski, Guillaume du Bellay, Leonhardt Fronsperger, Lazarus von Schwendi, Giorgio Basta, Johann Jacobi von Wallhausen, and Raimondo Montecuccoli. Additionally, an analysis of the military orders of the Roman emperor Maximilian II and of the Swedish king Gustav II Adolf is supplied, followed by memoirs and diaries of soldiers of that era, and contemporary literary fiction. Although the thesis includes brief characterizations of...
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Municipal administration and offices in the Middle Elbe region during the Thirty Years' War
Ďurčanský, Marek ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The operation of municipal offices and municipal administration in general was not a too popular topic in Czech historiography. Even this aspect of the life of Czech towns was strongly influenced by the persecution of Czech estates after the battle on the White Mountain and following processes with the gravity centre in the third decade of the 17th century, as well as by the direct and indirect consequences of military actions. Research in such area can also enrich our knowledge of many aspects of contemporary city life and contribute to a better explanation of such consequential phenomena as emigration and recatholicization. The municipal councils and municipal offices can often be named as nervus rerum in these circumstances. To elaborate the problems of military influences on administration in the times of the Thirty Years' War fully is not possible without more detailed studies about the situation of particular municipal offices. This kind of research would enable us to compare several regions. But there is a lack of such studies. The way out can be found by using proper surveys of the situation of several towns. Such probes would outline basic tendencies and phenomena, or the key questions for the subsequent research, such as: a) the extent and structure of the bodies of municipal administration and...
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"And these soldiers have come to us..." The town of Slaný during the Thirty Years War as seen through the papers of its municipal government.
Kmochová, Romana ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
During the Thirty Years War the life of the inhabitants of Central Bohemian Town Slaný was (like the life in other central European towns in this period) mainly influenced by soldiers and various war events. Nevertheless, many changes in their lives were brought by the pawn and subsequent sale of the town to nobleman Jaroslav Bořita z Martinic. This thesis is mainly focused on the municipal administration, especially on war events impacts on the town government and also on the new elements in municipal administration related to the change of its legal status, respectively on encroachment of the new manorial lords on the municipal administration. It also deals with mechanisms used by municipal officials (authorities) to protect the lives and property of town's inhabitant against the rampage soldiery. It is not omitted the interactions occurred between the townspeople and soldiers including self-preserving mechanisms and adaptation strategies that allow them cope with soldiers presence as well.
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The "peregrinatio academica" Phenomenon as a topic of modern Middle-European Historiography: An Example of Czech and Moravian Students at Selected Calvinist Education Institutions (1575-1620)
Píš, Ondřej ; Ďurčanský, Marek (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present the phenomenon of academic peregrination from several points of view. It is first outlined as a specific topic of Czech historiography, which has been processed since the second half of the 19th century. Emphasis is placed on current research in a Central European perspective. Database projects that represent the current trend in the study of academic peregrination are presented in more details in the thesis. A separate part consists of a case study dealing with Czech and Moravian students at selected reformed institutes in the period 1575-1620. Detailed research was carried out on five institutes in present-day Germany and Switzerland - the universities of Basel, Heidelberg and Marburg, and the academies in Herborn and Geneva. The edited matrices of these institutions have become the main source of this part of the presented work. The student lists used so far proved to be insufficient and gap-free for the analysis. The work includes the updated and formally unified lists of Czech and Moravian students at selected schools in the selected period. The social origin of students in observed was also analyzed. Attention was also paid to trends in education at reformed schools and differences in Czech and Moravian academic peregrination. Key words Academic...
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Jesuit college in Jihlava. Interaction with the town in the years 1625-1682
Vališová, Kateřina ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze the function of the Jesuit order in the royal city of Jihlava in the years 1625-1682 with special focus on the question how the Jesuit college managed to anchor itself in an environment that was mostly Lutheran for almost a century. The thesis is based on sources of both municipal and Jesuit provenance - i.e. mostly of Latin and German provenance, stored dominantly in the Moravian Land Archive in Brno and in the funds of the State District Archive in Jihlava. Thus, the thesis expands the topic of an already defended bachelor thesis, which focused on the establishment and institutional security of the Jesuit college in the context of the political and religious development of Moravia. The thesis thoroughly describes the relationship between the royal city and its burghers and the Jesuit college. From the viewpoint of the burghers, I follow the relationship on a study of pious gifts given to the Jesuit college by the burghers on ground of their testaments. This allows determining the level of attention paid to the Jesuit college by the burghers and whether they preferred it to other church institutions in the city. The next chapter offers an insight into the interaction on ground of the educational activities of the Jesuit order - it ascertains the...
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Municipal administration and offices in the Middle Elbe region during the Thirty Years' War
Ďurčanský, Marek ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The operation of municipal offices and municipal administration in general was not a too popular topic in Czech historiography. Even this aspect of the life of Czech towns was strongly influenced by the persecution of Czech estates after the battle on the White Mountain and following processes with the gravity centre in the third decade of the 17th century, as well as by the direct and indirect consequences of military actions. Research in such area can also enrich our knowledge of many aspects of contemporary city life and contribute to a better explanation of such consequential phenomena as emigration and recatholicization. The municipal councils and municipal offices can often be named as nervus rerum in these circumstances. To elaborate the problems of military influences on administration in the times of the Thirty Years' War fully is not possible without more detailed studies about the situation of particular municipal offices. This kind of research would enable us to compare several regions. But there is a lack of such studies. The way out can be found by using proper surveys of the situation of several towns. Such probes would outline basic tendencies and phenomena, or the key questions for the subsequent research, such as: a) the extent and structure of the bodies of municipal administration and...
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