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Axiological Aspects of Effectiveness and Efficacy of Law
Čechák, Petr
I. Values and value judgment represent phenomena influencing effectiveness and efficacy of law. More precisely the fact whether definite values are reflected in a content of law influences (or at least has a capacity to influence) efficacy of law. A value judgment relating to law, i.e. question whether law is believed by valuing subject (addressee of legal norms as commands of holder of authority) to reflect definite values influences (or at least has capacity to influence) effectiveness of law. Effectiveness as well as efficacy of law represents measure in which purposes relating to law are fulfilled as an effect of law. Effectiveness represents a measure in which behavior of addresses of legal norms complies with a content of law. The purpose that is to be fulfilled there is a reduction of entropy of social relations so that law could create an order. Efficacy of law is itself conditioned by effectiveness of law (achievement of decent level of effectiveness of law as a purpose represents a means in relation to achievement of efficacy of law as well). In case of efficacy of law the purpose that is to be realized is achieving a common good or in other words providing such a setting of social relations that enables a "social reproduction", i.e. not just biological reproduction but also reproduction...
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Axiological aspects of the effectiveness of law application
Čechák, Petr ; Gerloch, Aleš (advisor) ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee) ; Večeřa, Miloš (referee)
I. Values and value judgment represent phenomena influencing effectiveness and efficacy of law. More precisely the fact whether definite values are reflected in a content of law influences (or at least has a capacity to influence) efficacy of law. A value judgment relating to law, i.e. question whether law is believed by valuing subject (addressee of legal norms as commands of holder of authority) to reflect definite values influences (or at least has capacity to influence) effectiveness of law. Effectiveness as well as efficacy of law represents measure in which purposes relating to law are fulfilled as an effect of law. Effectiveness represents a measure in which behavior of addresses of legal norms complies with a content of law. The purpose that is to be fulfilled there is a reduction of entropy of social relations so that law could create an order. Efficacy of law is itself conditioned by effectiveness of law (achievement of decent level of effectiveness of law as a purpose represents a means in relation to achievement of efficacy of law as well). In case of efficacy of law the purpose that is to be realized is achieving a common good or in other words providing such a setting of social relations that enables a "social reproduction", i.e. not just biological reproduction but also reproduction...
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kleiblová, Petra ; Calda, Pavel (advisor) ; Dostálová, Ivana (referee) ; Čechák, Petr (referee)
23 7 SUMMARY This work deals with the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones - adipokines in the development of insulin resistance in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study consists of two parts. In the first one, the characterization of changes in concentrations of circulating adiponectin - the most abundant adipokine - during menstrual cycle in healthy women was performed. The second part was focused on the changes of gene expression in pregnant women with GDM relative to healthy pregnant controls (14 vs. 13 subjects). Specificial attention was focused on adipokines and their receptors (ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, LEP, RETN, TNF , CFD a PAI1) as well as other genes potentially contributing to the etiopathogenesis of GDM in the samples of placenta, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissues obtained during surgical delivery. The changes of gene expression were assessed by the two approaches: Firstly, the gene expression of insulin signaling pathway regulators was characterized using expression arrays in a limited subset of samples from GDM and control subjects. Secondly, the expression of genes that differed most significantly in GDM vs. control group in arrays, together with other genes of involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity, were analyzed using qPCR in the entire...
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Sound Problems in Television Broadcasting
Čechák, Petr ; Moravec, Ondřej (advisor) ; Skall, Vladimír (referee)
The purpose of this work is to describe some of the problems connected with television broadcasting, to clarify the technological principles of transmitting sound and to name the differences between analogue and digital broadcasting. This work applies to sound formats, both analogue and digital. An important part of this thesis is the issue of signal measuring; it describes different ways to ensure a consistent loudness level in broadcast using either dynamic signal processors or modern technologies like Dolby metadata.
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