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Lexical And Semantic Specifics of Legal Language
Čížkovská, Anna Marie ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Palkosková, Olga (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to describe legal language, its basic elements and relations, in which they are entering. The introductory chapter defines the legal language in general as a discipline at the interface between linguistics and theory of law. In addition to the basic legal elements and their relations to the general official language, there are described the basic elements of the legal language out of whose structure some basic elements required on the legal language come out. The relation between and legal language is symbolised through Euler circles. The conclusion of this chapter describes the legal language in terms of functional style and presents its stylistic traits. The first two parts of the second chapter are focused on the meaning of the lexical element, that are evaluated according to the amount of autonomy as a autosemantic and synemenatic units, or according to the motivating factor of the word and according to the fact if they are composed of one or more lexical elements . The keeping up with the basic requirements that are established by the Government's Legislative Rules, is proved with examples from primary legislation. In the other subchapters adherence to claim to the legal text certainty, comprehensibility and expliciteness in the legal terminology in the using of...
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Nicknames in groups of children
Kvíčalová, Marta ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Palkosková, Olga (referee)
This work deals with nicknames in groups of children at present, mainly in school and scout environments. The author was making this research in various environments for several months and gained quite a huge amount of today's nicknames (about 1 800). She has described their morphology and sorted them out according to their origin. With the aid of special literature and gained examples she has come to interesting conclusions. Nicknames, as unofficial first names used abundantly among childern, are a specific and extraordinary linguistic material. School and scout nicknames originate from the same linguistic habits and they arise in similar ways. They arise naturally , without any interference from outside, quite quickly and they usually go on with the holder for a long time. In a scout environment nicknames are more common - more than 90 % of members has a nickname. In a school environment nicknames are not so much common - only about 20 % of children at school has their specific nickname.One holder has usually only one nickname , however sometimes he can have more nicknames in various social groups. The same motivation can create quite different nicknames, whereas homonymic nicknames can have quite different motivations. It is common that nicknames have the same form for male and female variations. The...
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The verbal expression of Christian symbols in The First Old-Church-Slavonic Legend of St. Wenceslas
Hoppová, Veronika ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
The thesis presents a philosophically-linguistic analysis of the most prominent Christian symbols in The First Old-Church-Slavonic Legend of St. Wenceslas. The main focus of this study lies in the symbolism of biblical characters, body part denomination, titles and ways of addressing in both religious and secular environment, Christian life phenomena and sacraments, as well as the symbolism of numbers. The linguistic part concentrates mostly on morphology, monitoring especially the manifestations of the classic Old Church Slavonic (excluding the influence of other languages etc.). Numerous changes of the Old-Church-Slavonic morphology (alterations and development of noun suffixes or the development of verb forms), signs of tabooing with some words and symbols, and the influence of the late transcription, in which the legend survived, have been detected during the analysis. Scribal mistakes also play a certain role in the text. In conclusion, The First Old-Church-Slavonic Legend of St. Wenceslas has been found symbolically rich, on the whole making the impression of an extensive prayer, which emphasises its symbolic character even more.
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Phonetic and formative analysis of Serbian and Russsian edition of Proglas
Coufalová, Terezie ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee)
Proglas je veršovaná předmluva evangeliu. Je to staroslověnská literární památka z 9. století. Tématem diplomové práce je však porovnání dvou verzí Proglasů, srbské redakce, která pochází ze 13. století, a ruská redakce ze 16. století. Ohniskem zájmu se stal hláskový a tvaroslovný rozbor. Ty jsou však pro úplnost doplněny dalšími dvěma rozbory, a to lexikálním a syntaktickým. V kapitole Hláskosloví jsou popsány všechny změny, které diferencují verze Proglasů, počínaje od vývoje praslovanštiny až po vznik klasické staroslověnštiny. V morfologické části práce jsou pak rozebrána jednotlivá ohebná slova vyskytující se v textech Proglasů obou verzí s konkrétním určením morfologických tvarú. Lexikální a syntaktický rozbor se pak týká pouze základních diferenciací srbské a ruské redakce Proglasů. Celá diplomová práce j e samozřejmě doplněna textovou přílohou, což jsou právě obě verze Proglasů.
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Linguistic analysis literature for children Language and style recent author fairy tale
Mohoritová, Nela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee) ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor)
This work is devoted to linguistic and stylistic analysis of three texts by contemporary authors. Texts correspond to the fairy tale genre and were issued in the last five years. These texts are "Pohádky pro dobrodruhy" by Zdeněk Šmíd, "Lingvistické pohádky" by Petr Nikl and "Knihafoss" by Marka Míková. The analysis covers all the linguistic planes, the overall style of the work, syntactic, lexical, morphological, phonetic and graphic aspects of the texts. It focuses primarily on the linguistic resources characteristic of the author, the way they are used and their function in the text. We attempt to find common features of language and style of contemporary fairy tale, but also show the original language experiments of the individual authors. Attention is given to horizontal and vertical text layout, the language of the narrator and his role in the text. Also, we examine various ways the authors contact their readers and the means used to do so, for contacting the reader is one common element found in all examined works. Other common features include language game, the principle of interactivity and use of varied vocabulary. In the lexical level this shows in author's work with toponymes, neologisms. At the syntactic level they combine similar syntactic means, at the phonetic level all texts incorporate...
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Linguistic analysis of advertising texts
Marks, Pavel ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee) ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor)
The characteristic of advertising discourse can be found somewhere on the borderline of journalist, professional, administrative and artistic styles. Its main function is persuasion completed with attraction. Advertising uses various language and non-language tools from varied style areas to fulfil especially the persuasive function. This thesis focuses on the linguistic analysis of advertising texts presenting automobiles and bank services. Texts present mainly the elements of professional and journalist style. Both text groups can be characterised by the specific use of adjectives and adverbs used for specification and assessment, the greater frequency of personal and possessive adjectives, the use of indicative present tense of verbs and the use of verbs increasing the positive expressivity of the text. Characteristic are simple sentences and complex sentences with adverbial clauses. All texts are trying to create a professional impression through the use of specific terms (often English), abbreviations, charts and numeric data. Texts are extensively structured either into chapters (automobile texts) or paragraphs with colour coding (banking texts). Further characteristic advertising properties that can be found here are titles, slogans and logos typical for either the company or the product. With...
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Dialect of the Určice area. A Comparison of the Situation in the 1950s and Today
Čížková, Klára ; Palkosková, Olga (referee) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor)
Ve své diplomové práci jsem se od počátku chtěla věnovat tématu nářečí. Původně jsem měla v úmyslu srovnávat současnou mluvu v Praze a v Prostějově. Jednalo by se tedy o srovnání obecné češtiny (interdialektu) a nářečí středomoravského (hanáckého). Později jsem však objevila knihu Františka Kopečného s názvem Nářečí Určic a okolí z roku 1957, která mě přivedla k myšlence srovnávat mluvu v Prostějově dříve a nyní. Určice se nacházejí blízko Prostějova a předpokládala jsem tedy, že by bylo možné srovnávat tato dvě místa - Určice dříve a Prostějov nyní. Dozvěděla jsem se však, že už v dobč vzniku knihy (1957) sc mluva ve městech v této oblasti (Prostějov, Olomouc, Vyškov, Boskovice) lišila od nářečí používaného v okolních obcích. Došla jsem tedy k závěru, že bude vhodnější srovnávat ne dvě místa (Prostějov a Určice), ale pouze mluvu v Určících, a to diachronně - porovnáním stavu v 50. letech minulého století a situace v současnosti. Pro 50. léta mi jako podklad sloužila výše zmíněná publikace F. Kopečného. Současnou situaci jsem zjišťovala pomocí nahrávek mluvy (MP3 záznamy rozhovorů s určickými respondenty) a pomocí dotazníků vyplněných žáky 8. a 9. třídy základní školy v Určících a také několika vyučujícími teto školy.
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17th and 18th Century Names in the Beroun Region
Jíňová, Petra ; Palkosková, Olga (referee) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor)
This work is a survey of Beroun region in 17th and 18th century based on a study of registries of thirteen randomly selected villages and the city of Beroun, which is the natural centre of this area. The main description of this work is a research of a frequency of first names in this area, based on an observation of 15 years periods of time taken always at the beginning and at the end of the century. The work is also focused on a reconstruction of motivation of first name choice taken for the family members. Godfathers, Godmothers, patrociniums of the churches, and it also consults the date of birth. Based on a excerpcionist materials from the registries it observes the works and the relevant progress in the area of frequency and motivation of first names, it compares the possible differences of village and town neighbourhood. This work does not end up with any breakthrough, it only confirms the actual facts from specialized publications.
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Verbal manifestation of ecclesiatical symbolism in The Life of Constantine
Vlha, Radovan ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee) ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor)
Verbal manifestation of ecclesiastical symbolism in The Life of Constantine At the beginning of this thesis we become acquainted with a numerical symbolism that is clarified from two different points of view; the ecclesiastical symbolism and the history that differentiates the real historical events from the moments meant solely for the reader accustomed to Byzantine literature of the ninth century. After the introduction we apply ourselves to a chronological analysis of the text. The historical facts elucidating the use of the clauses written by the author of The Live of Constantine are always thoroughly analysed. The main part of the text focuses on three disputations representing a logical complex culminating in the last disputation. This last disputation defends the use of the Slavic language in liturgy. A political situation on the Byzantine throne and both the Constantinople and the Roman papal throne is explained in the thesis. Moreover, the reason why Rostislav the prince of Great Moravia asked for priests from the Byzantine Empire and not from Rome, and why did Byzantium, at least partially, grant his request. We will then learn what theological dangers Constantine faced while creating the new writing system and translating the Bible into the Old Church Slavonic. The text also concentrates on the...
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Knowledge of minor place-names in Rožmitál pod Třemšínem - current status
Drnovcová, Zlata ; Palkosková, Olga (referee) ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor)
Minor place-names serve as a reliable and helpful source of identification without which it would be much more complicated to find one's way in the landscape. This master thesis focuses on the usage of toponyms in the city of Rožmitál pod Třemšínem. Their knowledge is not a matter of course for the locals. Some of the place names are no more current in communication, some of them still are, but only for some generations. This is influenced by the age, the length of living in the locality, the job and the interests of local people. The effectuated questionnaire survey enables to find out the dependence of the knowledge of the place names on the factors mentioned above. It is interesting to observe the motivation of the toponyms' formation, which is also analysed together with the criteria stated above. In such case, separate categories are determined according to which the dependence of the used toponyms on the interviewed person is analysed. The factors stated above and some additional ones have a significant impact on the existence of toponyms (their modification or disappearance).
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