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Relationship between compensatory status and renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus type II
Vondráčková, Helena ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Boušová, Iva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Bc. Helena Vondráčková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Specialist consultant: MUDr. Pavel Pick Title of diploma thesis: Relationship between compensatory status and renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus type II Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease accompanied by a number of complications. Among the most common and at the same time the most serious are kidney diseases, which often lead to their failure. These patients then rely on lifelong dialysis treatment or a possible kidney transplant. By compensating for diabetes mellitus effectively, the development of complications can be reduced or at least delayed. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin are used to assess the state of compensation. The renal function is assessed by the examination of albumin and proteins in urine, serum creatinine concentration and estimation of glomerular filtration. The aim of the thesis was to determine whether there is a relation between the level of compensation for diabetes mellitus and the renal function. The data from 70 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type II regularly checked in a diabetological clinic were evaluated. Samples were...
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Effect of selected bicyclic monoterpenes on the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes in human liver
Křížová, Anna ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Anna Křížová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Effect of selected bicyclic monoterpenes on the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes in human liver Monoterpenes are plant secondary metabolites, which are used as flavourings or aromas in the food industry due to their smell and flavour. They also play an irreplaceable role in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Monoterpenes are substances with a wide spectrum of biological activities. They exert, for example, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory, antioxidant, hypotensive, and analgesic effects. In addition to the positive effects of these substances, some cases of their toxic effects in various organs were also observed, mostly in the liver. Monoterpenes also affect the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes. The aim of this thesis was to determine the effect of five selected bicyclic monoterpenes, (+)-camphor, (-)-camphor, (-)-fenchone, camphene, and (-)-α-thujone, on the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes. Of those enzymes, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were studied. At...
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Effect of Nanoparticles on Plant Metabolism
Cyrusová, Tereza ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Tereza CYRUSOVÁ Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora SZOTÁKOVÁ, Ph.D. Consultant: RNDr. Radka PODLIPNÁ, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Effect of Nanoparticles on Plant Metabolism Along with the expansion of nanotechnologies, which are used in many disciplines, the field of nanotoxicology has recently been developed. It deals with the negative effects of engineered nanoparticles on the environment and biota. Considerable attention has already been paid to the toxicity of nanoparticles to plants, however, the mechanisms responsible for their effects are not fully understood yet. At the same time, the possible positive effect of nanoparticles on plants has been investigated in recent years. The aim of our work was to study and evaluate the effect of nanoparticles on the growth of selected plant species and to evaluate their phytotoxicity. We focused on the study of nanoparticles in the form of metal oxides. The content of accumulated metals in germinating plants of mustard (Sinapis alba L.), in in vitro cultures of true-fox sedge (Carex vulpina L.) and the concentration of metal ions released into the culture media were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn). and inductively...
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Study of the effect of albendazole in the environment on the antioxidant system of red clover (Trifolium pratense)
Mikešková, Gabriela ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Langhansová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Gabriela Mikešková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of the effect of albendazole in the environment on the antioxidant system of red clover (Trifolium pratense) Today, anthelmintics are among the essential drugs for the therapy and prophylaxis of infectious diseases caused by parasitic worms. However, these substances may be further released into the environment by the excrements of treated animals and affect non-target organisms, such as plants, which have the ability to absorb and accumulate various substances. In this study, we focused on the effect of the often used anthelmintic albendazole on the antioxidant system of red clover (Trifolium pratense), which is commonly found in meadows and pastures. The effect of low concentrations of albendazole available in the environment on the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase was studied. In addition to antioxidant enzymes, we also monitored the concentration of plant photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids. The results were evaluated in control and...
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Introduction of the MST method for the study of interactions between biomolecules
Krátký, Josef ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Boušová, Iva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Josef Krátký Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Introduction of the MST method for the study of interactions between biomolecules MicroScale thermophoresis (MST) is currently a recognized method for studying interactions between biomolecules; the method is using directed movement of biomolecules in a temperature gradient, which allows to analyze practically all interactions where changes in analyte properties are possible. This thesis was focused on introduction of the MST method for research of protein interactions with low molecular weight substances focusing on verifying the possibility of using MST in monitoring the interaction of glutathione S-transferase (GST) with selected terpenes ((-)-fenchone, (-)-isopulegole, (+)-isomenthone, (-)-carvone, (+)-carvone, piperitone, and thujone). Another aim was to determinate the properties of terpenes by classical spectrofluorimetric methods and MST. Using spectrofluorimetric methods it was found that terpenes affect the fluorescence of human serum albumin, and they do not affect the fluorescence spectrum of the dye NHS, which is used as a dye for samples for MST. Next part of experimental work was to determine...
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Influence of albendazole on the antioxidant system of alfalfa in real conditions
Lisoňková, Monika ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Laštovičková, Lenka (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Monika Lisoňková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of albendazole on the antioxidant system of alfalfa in real conditions Anthelmintics are drugs used to treat diseases caused by parasitics worms. In the Czech republic they are mainly used in veterinary medicine. Benzimidazole anthelmintic albendazole is used in cattle and sheep, during its biotransformation metabolites are formed, which are excreted together with the parent compound in faeces. Application of faeces from treated cattle to the field may affect non-target organisms, occurring in the field. An example of such organisms are agricultural crops, including alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Plants do not have the ability to eliminate the absorbed drugs and its metabolites, therefore they are deposited in plants and can affect the antioxidant system of plants. The aim of this study was to monitor the effect of albendazole on the antioxidant system of alfalfa (M. sativa) in real conditions. Plants were affected by faeces of sheep treated with albendazole. Subcellular fractions were prepared from harvested plants in the years 2019 and 2020. The concentrations of photosynthetic pigments...
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Effect of cranberries extract on selected biotransformation enzymes in normal and obese mice
Levorová, Lucie ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lucie Levorová Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of cranberry extract on selected biotransformation enzymes in normal and obese mice. Obesity has reached a nearly pandemic extent in modern population. It can affect or alter the activity and expression of many enzymes, including biotransformation enzymes which metabolise drugs and other xenobiotics. The aim of this work is to compare the activity and expression of selected biotransformation enzymes on mice suffering and not suffering from obesity and to test the effect of cranberry extract in food on the activity and expression of selected biotransformation enzymes in the selected group of mice. Spectrophotometric methods were chosen to measure the activity of selected biotransformation enzymes. The amount of particular proteins was assayed using electrophoresis of proteins in polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE) followed by immunoblotting and chemiluminescent detection. The results show that mice suffering from obesity display a different activity of certain biotransformation enzymes in comparison to non-obese mice. The cranberry extract containing a high level of anthocyanin had inhibitory effect...
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Identification and quantification of anthelmintics and their metabolites in tapeworms by LC/MS
Briestenský, David ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: David Briestenský Supervisor: Doc. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Identification and quantification of anthelmintics and their metabolites in tapeworms by LC/MS Biotransformation of anthelmintics, as well as the activity of biotransformation enzymes, represents areas that are not yet so much explored at the tapeworms. However especially biotransformation enzymes can to a certain extent protect organism of the parasite against effects of anthelmintics (and xenobiotics in general). The ability of the parasite to metabolize administered anthelmintic drug to an inactive metabolite can represent a convenient defence mechanism that may contribute to the formation of resistance. The aim of my thesis was to evaluate the metabolism of selected anthelmintics (albendazole sulphoxide, flubendazole, mebendazole) in Hymenolepis diminuta. Results of metabolism show that the rat tapeworm is unable to oxidize or reduce albendazole sulphoxide. Tapeworm is able to reduce mebendazole and flubendazole. For mebendazole and flubendazole reduction the kinetic parameters were determined. It was shown that the rate of conversion to reduced metabolites of flubendazole is twenty times slower...
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Biological activity of antioxidant compounds in monocytes THP-1
Hájek, Jan ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University in Prague University Roma Tre Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biology Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Jan Hájek Supervisor: PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Prof. Sandra Incerpi, Prof. Jens Z. Pedersen Title of diploma thesis: Biological activity of antioxidant compounds in monocytes THP-1 Elaboration of this work is based on the experiments carried out in the Laboratory of Physiology at University Roma Tre in Rome, under the supervision of Prof. Sandra Incerpi. The team of this laboratory studies the antioxidants of different structures and evaluates their ability to prevent the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These reactive species are essential for many physiological processes, but they can also have deleterious effects and participate in the development of various diseases. In this work, I dealt with a study of antioxidant properties of different polyphenolic compounds (mosloflavone, negletein, 5,6-dihydroxyflavone, baicalein, gallic acid, and compound 1625) in the cell culture of human monocytes THP-1 and also in the in vitro test. Three different methods were used: intracellular ROS determination (dichlorofluorescein assay), cytotoxicity assay, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Mosloflavone showed scavenging...
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