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Planning of school capacity in the Central Bohemia Region
Šornová, Martina ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Planning of school capacity in the Central Bohemia Region Abstract The objective of this thesis is to show the connection among demographic trends and the development of the educational system in the Central Bohemia Region from a quantitative point of view. This thesis focuses on repletion of school facilities, availability of education at pre-primary and basic levels and the possibility to estimate the basic parameters of the education system in future years. The first part addresses issues of methodology and the education system in general and theoretical level. It focused on the literature and data sources on the subject, describing the educational system in the Czech Republic and the development of educational legislation, explaining the methodology used in the second part of the thesis. The second part deals with specific application to data from the Central Bohemia Region. This section shows the numbers of children in nursery schools, pupils in basic schools and repletion of school facilities found in the districts of the Central Bohemia Region. The spatial distribution of school facilities is shown by proportional symbol technique. Furthermore, differences were found within the districts of Central Bohemia Region in relation to early childhood education by statistic methods. In conclusion the numbers...
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Impact of Marital Dissolution on Fertility in the Czech Republic
Filasová, Alena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Impact of Marital Dissolution on Fertility in the Czech Republic Abstract The intention of this study is to analyze fertility of people who experience a divorce or husband/wife death in their reproductive age so it could be find out if these people have more or less children than people whose marriage persists until the age of 50. The conclusions are made based on the study of data from the second wave of Generations and Gender Survey which took place in the Czech Republic in 2008. The life table method (its output Survival Distribution Function) and Cox regression model are used for the analysis. Reproductive behavior of people who never enter into marriage, those who spend their reproductive age in the first marriage and those who experience the first marital dissolution before their 50th birthday is compared. The analysis of divorced and widowed people fertility is supplemented by evaluation of an effect that certain variables like age, number of children and age of the youngest child in the year of the first marital dissolution have on the follow-up reproductive behavior of these men and women. The situation about the partnership after the dissolution of the first marriage was identified as the most significant. People who find a new partner after their first marital dissolution have on average more...
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Demographic dividend - possible relationship between age structure and economic growth
Ruml, Jiří ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Demografická dividenda - možné souvislosti věkové struktury a ekonomického růstu Abstract The goal of this paper is to describe the demographic dividend as a possibility of using changes in the age structure of the population for economic growth and to list the most important conditi- ons and measures which are necessary for the successful use of demographic dividend. The paper first presents the basic thoughts how the changes in population impact economic growth. Followed by a brief description of the demographic revolution and changes in the age structure of the popu- lation, which cause this process. The study also includes the basic characteristic of the demogra- phic dividend and its individual components affecting economic growth. To conclude, the work deals with the significance of the political environment to realizing the demographic dividend. The analysis is done on three groups of countries, Eastern Asia, Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. Keywords: demographic dividend, demographic revolution, age structure of the population, economic growth 1
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Comparison of development of selected demographic characteristic in the Nordic countries since 1990
Klapková, Michaela ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Comparison of development of selected demographic characteristics in the Nordic countries since 1990 Abstract The objective of this study is to compare the development of selected demographic characteristics in the Nordic countries since 1990. In this paper the Nordic countries are defined as a five state formations in Northern Europe: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The analysis shows that the demographic development of Nordic countries is not the same and each state has its own specifics. As expected, the most distinct development had Iceland, which thanks to higher fertility rate had younger age structure. Different development had also Finland, which was aging the most and had a lower life expectancy at birth for men. Surprisingly low mortality rates were observed in Denmark, in particular for women. The curve of total fertility rate in Sweden, which was quite different from the rest of the Nordic countries, was following its rollercoaster pattern also in the period 1990-2011. The uniqueness in demographic behaviour of the Nordic countries was confirmed by the results of cluster analysis. In 1990 and 2011, these five states were in one cluster mainly due to the high percentage of live births outside marriage and in 2011 also due to higher total fertility rate. Because these states were...
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The comparison of the selected health indicators of the EU members
Junková, Kateřina ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
The Comparison of the Selected Health Indicators of the EU Members Abstract The Goal of this thesisis is to analyse nine representative health indicators in a way demonstrating best level of healthcare of individual member states of the European Union. The indicators in question, their definitions and representative qualities are thoroughly described in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the second part of the thesis the average figures of the indicators from 2005 untill 2011 of all member states are analysed and furthemore each health indicator has been assigned with additional indicator i.e. economic, social or demografic and their mutual dependence have been examined. The analysis did not prove the hypothesis of still existing East - West European division in health care, this is caused by the wide spectrum of dependences between the indicators themselves and the fact that the individual indicators are influenced by other various factors. Key Words: health indicators, dependence, European Union
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Reproductive health and planned parenthood in Mexico
Cihelková, Lenka ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Reproductive health and planned parenthood in Mexico Abstract The main target of this bachelor's thesis is to describe the main governmental programs focusing on reproductive health and planned parenthood in Mexico and to evaluate their impact on fertility, abortion, contraceptive behavior and maternal and infant mortality. Based on the findings effectiveness of programs has been demonstrated as regards reproductive health and selected indicators. These programs have been relatively successful, because during the analysed periods the total fertility rate decreased, the percentage of women who know any method of contraception increased and also maternal and infant mortality was reduced. One of the main problems which in Mexico continues to exist, is the restrictive regulation of induced abortions that make access to safe and legal abortion limited. Creation of a new system of abortion that would enable an access to safe induced abortions in Mexico could have a positive impact on both the maternal and the infant mortality rate. Overall, the selected programs focusing on reproductive health and family planning in Mexico have been quite successful. Keywords: Reproductive Health, Planned Parenthood, Contraception, Fertility, Mexico
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Demographic differentiation according to community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic
Pangrácová, Zuzana ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Demographic differentiation according to community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate selected demographic indicators in the individual community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The first part is to compare the long-term trends of fertility, abortion, natural increase and infant mortality. The aim is to evaluate changes in the development of selected indicators during the common republic and the establishment of independent states. The basis of this work is the analysis of fertility and mortality since 2000 in the community size of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, but also a comparison of selected indicators of community size between independent republics. Keywords: community size, fertility, abortion, mortality, temporary life expectancy, demographic differentiation, Slovakia, Czech Republic
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Impact of alcohol on health
Kohoutová, Iva ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Impact of alcohol on health Abstract According to World Health Organisation about 3 % of all deaths in the world are alcohol- -related. The Czech Republic has continuously high per capita alcohol consumption which is conected not only to health risks possibly leading to disability, permanent disability or to premature death. But also has social and economic impacts. Problematic drinking can decrease work performance which can lead to unemployment, it also increases risk of criminality and causes serious problems in family life. First part of this work briefly describes history and development of perception of alcoholism and its possible consequences. It also contains an analysis of alcohol consumption in the Czech republic and its sociodemographic determinants. The second part focuses on effects of alcohol on health and quantification of its impact on mortality and morbidity. Key words: alcohol, mortality, morbidity, alcoholism, injury, pregnancy
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Fertility factors - district of Most in 2000 - 2010 period
Pečený, Michal ; Kraus, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
1990 - 2008 Fertility factors in the disctrict of Most in 2000-2010 period Abstract The objective of this study was to find causes of regional fertility differences and context with social and economic indicators. Then to find situation of district of Most in regional comparison and social and economic causes of fertility developement in this district in 2000-2010 period. In first descriptive part there was made the comparative analysis of age structure and fertility indicators in Czech republic, Ústí region and district of Most. The result is different values of the fertility indicators (intensity and timing) and also younger age structure. In the second part were found social and economic factors of regional fertility differences and factors in district of Most with multivariate statistical methods. The cluster analysis confirmed the differences of district of Most and border of North Bohemia too. For use factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis the conclusion was the important factor of regional differences is especially education, but also availability and quality of housing, economic level. Less importace of religion. In the district of Most are important factors of education and indicators of economic level. Key words: fertility factors, regional fertility differences, district of Most,...
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