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The expression of epistemic modality in French
Jochcová, Magdaléna ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of the epistemic modality of selected French adverbs in -ment. After a theoretical introduction of basic terms and characterizations of the epistemic modality and the principal means of its expression, it focuses on the very epistemic adverbs. At first, for the purpose of the following research, we specify the syntactically and semantically homogenous group of epistemic adverbs in -ment, defining it by dictionaries and constituent works. Afterwards, this group is analyzed quantitatively - on the French corpora Frantext, L'Est républicain and frWac - as well as qualitatively - on the parallel corpus InterCorp - with an emphasis on the post-verbal position of the adverb in the sentence, on the certainty degree and the Czech translation equivalents. The final part of the study is constituted by a reversed analysis of acquired Czech equivalents. Key words: French, epistemic modality, modal specificators, modal adverb, corpus linguistics.
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Neology in contemporary French
Mizeráková, Michaela ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
This master thesis is dealing with the preference of certain categorical structures (VN compounds, nominal syntagmas N de N, N à N and their English equivalent) to denotate a new referent. Its aim is to describe current trends of denominative instrumental neology. The thesis is dividend into two parts: teoretical and practical. Theoretical part provides a brief characteristics of the concerned fields: neology, neologism, compounding, nominal syntagmas and productivity. Practical part includes survey and compares its results with corpus analyses and data obtained from Google browser.
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Axiological modality in French
Švidrnochová, Lenka ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This thesis focuses on the analyses of the axiological modality of the group of emotional verbs in French. After defining the basic terms associated with the axiological modality and enumerating the means of its expression, the syntactically and semantically homogenous group of emotional verbs is specified (affectionner, aimer, chérir, adorer, idolâtrer, détester, haïr, abhorrer, exécrer) and then put to the quantitative analysis based on the corpora FRANTEXT, Araneum Francogallicum Maius and l'Est républicain. The following qualitative analysis is based on the parallel corpus InterCorp. On the basis of dictionary definitions and contrastive research, the axiological scale of the examined words is formed and then verified by the native speakers via questionnaires. In the end, the factors influencing the axiological value of the verb aimer are investigated.
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The Use of the Word comme in contemporary French (Construction « être + ADJ + comme »)
Konštiaková, Kristína ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
The work is dealing with the French word comme, whose polysemy involves a problematic determination of the part of speech. The aim of theoretical part is to map all the cases of use of this word by using reference dictionaries and specialized literature. The practical part examines in more detail the use of comme in comparison. By means of language corpora, comme is studied in the construction where preceded by the verb be and an adjective (être + ADJ + comme). This structure is analyzed from the frequency point of view in subcorpora representing different types of texts. The frequency analysis includes qualitative analysis of the right context. Another goal is to identify the occurrences with a figurative meaning and to search for the most frequent adjectives as candidates figuring in collocations or perhaps even in idioms. Finally, the potential collocations are contrasted with dictionaries either to confirm them or to discover new ones, yet not lexicalized. Key words: comme, corpus, text type, comparison, collocation
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Forms of questions in spoken French
Kollarčíková, Zuzana ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Nováková, Sylva (referee)
The bachelor thesis Forms of questions in spoken French deals with the ways of asking questions in French language as well as the tendencies of native speakers in their choice of a particular question form in various situations of communication. The aim of the first part of the work is to present basic division of question forms and to describe particular question forms in French language. It is focused especially on spoken French. This part also proposes the results of the researches carried out by linguists and researchers who have studied the subject of question formation in French language. The empirical part of this work focuses on a detailed description of the research which was carried out by observing native speakers in authentic situations in France. The question forms collected during the research are analysed from a syntactico-pragmatic point of view. The results of the research are also compared with those already known, and which are described in the first part of the work. The sociolinguistic factors as well as the situations of communication are taken into account during the analysis of the data. Key words question formation, spoken French, topicalization, SVQ, sociolinguistic factors
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The Construction pour + Infinitive in French and Its Equivalents in Czech
Dubišarová, Zdislava ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
v anglickém jazyce: This bachelor thesis deals with the infinitive prepositional construction "pour + infinitive" in the french language whilst taking in an account of its czech equivalents. After defining the basics terms (infinitive, subject of the infinitive, syntactic functions of the infinitive, non-finite dependent clauses) it watches closely the infinitive construction "pour + infinitive" in the function of adverbial and it`s semantical interpretations it could have. The second part of the thesis is focused on corpus analysis of this construction. The analysis of the data from linguistic corpuses enables us to determine the frequention of the examined construction in various genres and determine some of its basic quantitative features (lexical occupation, morphological characteristics etc.). This basic analysis enables us to identify the possible specifications of samples of the occurence from paralel corpus InterCorp, from which we make a detailed analysis of the factors that can interfere with the semantical interpretation of given construction and the selection of its translation counterpart in the czech language, where a similar structure does not exist in the language system. Klíčová slova: infinitive, purpose, preposition pour, InterCorp, corpus, contrastive analysis
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Feminization of job titles : the case of the word professeur
Michalková, Dominika ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
Women constitute a significant part of the working environment and occupy positions that previously had exclusively male character. In the French language, we can still find some occupations, titles and functions, where the feminine form is not always accepted and its use varies. This also concerns the word professeur and its semantic field. This work will address this issue. It will study the differences among francophone countries on the basis of their language policies of the feminization of the professions and seek to identify trends in the adoption of feminized forms of profession words with regard to each country. Based on the research this work will analyze the attitude of the speakers towards feminization of professions in education on the basis of sociolinguistic factors, namely the country of origin. The analysis will be complemented by the corpus research of words with similar lexical meaning.
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Development of French spelling since the 16th century with special regard to accent circonflexe
Rytinová, Aneta ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
The major aim of the thesis is to study the development of French spelling since the 16th century with main focus on the diacritical mark accent circonflexe. The individual centuries are analysed step by step from the linguistic perspective with the historical context addition. The most significant pieces dealing with the French spelling from the period of a formation of spelling rules to the current period of spelling reforms and their consequences in 2016 are analysed. This thesis focuses on the development of the mark accent circonflexe in detail. The main intention of the thesis is to describe the introduction of this mark to the French spelling, its struggle for survival, an extension and gaining its importance till its official status when it becomes the French spelling icon threatened by the reform of spelling in 1990 proposing the restriction of this mark. The research part in the form of a questionnaire is added to the master thesis. The opinion of native francophone people on the reform of spelling, especially on accent circonflexe is under examination.
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The subjunctive in Contemporary French and Its Application in Didactics
Havelková, Jana ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
Whereas in Czech there are three verb moods, in French a fourth one is to be found, being defined as the "subjunctive mood". The subjunctive does not exist in Czech which often makes it hard to handle by students as well as teachers. The main aim of the thesis is to map the ways of presenting the French subjunctive verb mood in selected grammar handbooks intended for students and teachers of French and outline the different approaches to describing its parameters. Subsequently, the second objective here is to analyse the methods of presenting the subjunctive in selected textbooks and workbooks used when teaching French at Czech schools. The thesis is divided in three parts. In the initial one, the different approach to presenting the subjunctive in the referential grammar book of P. Charaudeaua - Grammaire du sens et de l'expression is analysed together with the ones applied in the FLE grammar books by G. D. de Salins - Grammaire pour l'enseignement/apprentissage de FLE, M. Callamand - Grammatique vivante du français and in the slightly different grammar book by A. Monnerie-Goarin - Le français au présent. To be able to meet the target of the analysis and find out how a verb mood of a typologically different language is presented to an exclusively Czech audience, the Czech-written grammar book of...
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