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The discrepancy between ideal and actual romantic partners among heterosexual men and women based on physical characteristics: follow-up study
Janková, Tereza ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Bártová, Klára (referee)
Mate preferences play an important role in an actual mate choice. However, preferred and actual characteristics of mates could differ in some extent. There is discrepancy between ideal partner preferences and actual mate choice. This study is following study conducted in 2013 which was focused on mate preferences and actual mate discrepancy in physical characteristics. The main aime of this study is to investigate, a) how can mate preferences differ over time, b) whether are mate preferences influenced by actual partner, c) whether has discrepancy between preferred and actual partner influence on dyadic?? adjustment and d) whether has discrepancy influence on relationship stability. The final sample of this study consisted of 113 heterosexual women in the age of 18 - 43 (mean age = 29,28, SD = 5,744). Respondents completed an online survey which consisted of sociodemographical informations, informations about experience with long-term partners, revise dyadic adjustment scale (R-DAS) and standardized stimuli of physical characteristics of ideal and actual partner (if respondents were in relationship). Results have showed that partner preferences changed over the first test (2013). In the case of influence of actual partner on the ideal partner preferences was showen significant result only in the...
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Influence of dominance on partner satisfaction in long-term homosexual and heterosexual couples
Breslerová, Kateřina ; Bártová, Klára (advisor) ; Průšová, Denisa (referee)
Recent studies propose two theories explaining the particular mechanisms of mate choice. Theory of homogamy suggests that individuals prefer partners with personality traits similar to their own. In contrast, theory of complementarity states that people choose mates with opposite personality traits. The main aims of this study were i) to test homogamy and complementarity of dominance in long-term heterosexual and homosexual male couples and ii) to examine whether this similarity predicts higher relationship satisfaction. We also tested whether heterosexual couples differ from same-sex couples in the level of assessed homogamy. Dominance was measured in four different domains: dominance as a personal trait, dominance in social groups, partner dominance and sexual dominance. The research sample consisted of 76 male heterosexuals (mean age 24, SD = 4) and their long-term partners (mean age 22, SD = 3.34) and 36 male homosexuals (mean age 30, SD = 8.25) and their long- term partners (mean age 29, SD = 6.99). All participants completed anonymous set of questionnaires (International Personality Item Pool (IPIP), Rank Style With Peers Questionnaire (RSPQ), Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS), along with a questionnaire focused on sexual dominance, and Spanier's test of dyadic adjustment). Our findings...
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Jealousy in homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual adults
Potyszová, Kateřina ; Bártová, Klára (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (referee)
In evolutionary psychology, the concept of jealousy is explained as the result of selection pressures causing individuals to develop certain mental tendencies in order to maximize their own viability and reproduction ability. Romantic jealousy is one of such tendencies; for men ensuring their fatherhood certainty, for women the maintenance of their partner's resources. Results of previous studies using the evolutionary approach pointed out that there are specific gender differences in the perception of jealousy; men generally show more anxiety associated with sexual infidelity, women, on the other hand, with emotional infidelity. Studies dealing with jealousy between homosexual individuals show that gay men tend to express more anxiety regarding emotional infidelity (similar to heterosexual women) while homosexual women express more concerns regarding sexual infidelity (similar to heterosexual men). These studies suggest that the type of jealousy (emotional / sexual) depends on the sex of the respondent's partner and not on the sex of the individual in question. The aim of this proposed study was to examine the experience of jealousy, its perception and attitudes to it from the perspective of heterosexual, homosexual and bisexual men and women and further explore whether it will be different sexual...
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Imprinting-like effects and homogamy as factor affecting the evolution of eye and hair colour
Joudal, Lukáš ; Kleisner, Karel (advisor) ; Bártová, Klára (referee)
Existing studies have demonstrated that choosing a partner is strongly determined by physical and personal characteristics of a parent of the opposite sex. This influence is affected by the quality of the relationship with the parent during one's childhood. There are many studies focused on choosing a partner in relation to self-similarity. They show that many characteristics are shared between partners. The partner self-similarity has a positive impact on one's satisfaction in and stability of a relationship. Previous research also shows consistency in choosing a partner, meaning there exists a resemblance among ex-partners. The main objective of this thesis is to make a contribution to understanding the mechanisms of choosing a partner based on similarity (colour of eyes and hair) with the parent of the opposite sex and/or based on self-similarity. Next aim is to explore consistency in choosing a partner according to phenotype characteristics (eye and hair colour). The online survey involved overall 1 266 participants, 942 women and 324 men. The survey provided following results. Women choose self-similar partners in terms of eye colour; they also choose their partners depending on the eye colour of their father. Those women with hair colour similar to their partner's show higher relationship...
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