|
| |
|
|
Experimental investigation of air pressure, acoustic characteristics and vibrations of vocal folds on a complex physical model of phonation in humans.
Horáček, Jaromír ; Radolf, Vojtěch ; Bula, Vítězslav ; Veselý, Jan ; Laukkanen, A. M.
The contribution aims to provide material that can be used in development of more realistic physical as well as theoretical models of voice production. The experimental set-up, methodology and the results of measurement of airflow rate, subglottal, oral and generated acoustic air pressures are presented together with the simultaneously measured flow-induced vibrations of a vocal folds replica, made of soft silicon rubber, and recorded by a high speed camera. The data were measured during a ‘soft’ phonation just above the phonation onset, given by the phonation threshold airflow rate, and during a ‘normal’ phonation for the airflow rate of about three times higher. A model of the human vocal tract in the position for production of vowel [u:] was used and the flow resistance was raised by phonating into a glass resonance tube either in the air or having the other end of the tube submerged under water, and by phonating into a narrow straw. The results for the pressures presented in time and frequency domain are comparable with the physiological ranges and limits measured in humans for ordinary phonation and for production of vocal exercises used in voice therapy.
|
|
| |
|
|
Measurement of contact stress in a self-oscillating model of human vocal folds
Horáček, Jaromír ; Bula, Vítězslav ; Veselý, Jan ; Radolf, Vojtěch
The contribution presents in vitro measurement of contact stress in the artificial vocal folds made of a silicon rubber excited by airflow with synchronous registration of the flow induced vocal fold vibrations using a high speed camera, measurement of subglottal dynamic and mean air pressure and the generated acoustic signal. The measured maximum impact stress, maximum glottal opening and sound pressure level are compared with data found in excised larynges as well as with the values numerically simulated by the aeroelastic model of vocal fold self-oscillations.
|
|
| |
|
|
Experimental investigation of air pressure and acoustic characteristics of human voice. Part 1: Measurement in vivo
Horáček, Jaromír ; Radolf, Vojtěch ; Bula, Vítězslav ; Veselý, Jan ; Laukkanen, A. M.
This contribution is aimed to provide material that can be used to develop more realistic physical models of voice production. The experimental methodology and the results of measurement of subglottal, oral (substitute for subglottic) and acoustic air pressure (captured at a distance of 20 cm in front of the subject’s mouth) are presented. The data were measured during ordinary speech production and when the acoustic impedance and mean supraglottal resistance were raised by phonating into differently sized tubes in the air and having the other end submerged under water. The results presented in time and frequency domain show the physiological ranges and limits of the measured pressures in humans for normal and extreme phonation.
|
|
|
Experimental analysis of friction coupling in triple blade bundle under rotation
Pešek, Luděk ; Půst, Ladislav ; Bula, Vítězslav ; Vaněk, František ; Cibulka, Jan
In the contribution the experimental analysis of these blades in two opposed bundles under rotation will be presented. One-point electromagnetic synchronized pulse excitation served as a force excitation for analysis of resonant vibration under different revolution speeds. The force level was evaluated from supply current calibrated by dynamic scale measurement. The responses of the blades were measurement by strain-gauges placed on the blades with a slip-ring signal transmission. After sufficient level of first flexural (axial) blade vibration the electromagnetic force was turned off and vibration attenuations were analyzed. The dynamic behaviour of the blades and results of damping are in a good accordance with the numerical modelling.
|
|
| |
|
|
Temperature processes at dry friction
Pešek, Luděk ; Půst, Ladislav ; Cibulka, Jan ; Bula, Vítězslav
Application of dry friction damping contact is very often used for damping of turbine blades vibration. This problem is intensively studied in our Institute for several years, but the deficiency of knowledge of special material’s friction characteristics introduces serious uncertainty into the results of research. Therefore laboratory experimental equipment has been designed and realized. Results of the first set of measurement is presented and discussed. Friction double of steel blade material and overlay of tungsten carbide was investigated at various thrust forces and frequencies of relative motion at the simultaneous measurement of temperatures in tree points near the friction surface. Increase of temperature after 25 s of friction run, friction coefficient, friction force, dissipated energy in one cycle, during 1 s, entire energy during the friction run, lost power, and energy for 1oC temperature increase at various conditions were ascertained.
|
|
| |
guest ::
