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Czech Luxembourges in french contemporary historiography
Jedináková, Petra ; Bláhová, Marie (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Martin (referee)
Petra JEDINÁKOVÁ, CZECH LUXEMBOURGES IN FRENCH CONTEMPORARY HISTORIOGRAPHY, Prague, Faculty of Philosophy, Charles University in Prague 2012. The aim of this thesis is to consider the relationship of Czech Luxembourg dynasty towards the French dynasty and the impact of their policies in western Europe. The work also focuses on different ways of perception of the Luxembourgs in both Czech and French environment and reasons for such observations. The Luxembourg dynasty, being originally an earl family of the French from Luxembourg, always had a strong relation towards France and its ruling dynasty which was based on mutual respect, friendship, similar opinions and also family bonds, the successors were educated at the French court. The two countries supported each other in fight andalso by mutual contact, visits and in terms of diplomacy. We have testimonies regarding these events thanks to medieval sources such as chronicles, annals, documents, correspondence and texts of authors from the French environment, who personally met Czech kings from the House of Luxembourg and therefore left us important insights into the situation of that time. John of Luxembourg has been perceived in as a model of knightly virtues and a brave fighter always loyal to the French king. In Bohemia, he was for centuries...
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Parish clergy and religious change in Prague's diocese from Council of Trient till the end of the 17 th century
Richard, Nicolas ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Koller, Alexander (referee)
Parish clergy and religious change in Prague's diocese from Council of Trent till the end of the 17th century The religious change that happens in Bohemia in the 17th century has no equivalent in the Europe at this time: the whole country, where Catholics were in a very minority, comes back to the roman Church. This evolution is here seen from a very prosaic point of view: how lay people live this change, and so how acts the parish clergy in this matter. Conversion's strategy, at the end of the Council of Trent, was to permit the use of the chalice to the laity. The consequence of this permission was a very hazy situation in the parishes, but Holy See did nothing before the battle of White Mountain, and after the battle, he suppressed chalice, mainly for pastoral reasons. During the Thirty years War, the kingdom is the place of a general reform, which has its origins in the catholic missionary movement of the beginning of the century and in the political theories of this time. Bohemia is strongly marked by the war that acts as a catalyst; at the same time political and religious authorities were lacking. The inhabitants, usually just formal Catholics at the beginning, convert themselves more and more deeply during the 17th century. The eldest, who remembered the non-Catholics services, died during the...
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Clothing as Manifestation of Power and Hierarchy from the End of the 14th Century to the End of the 15th Century. Comparison of the Developement in the Czech Lands and Burgundy
Hojková, Anna ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Svátek, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis "Clothing as Manifestation of Power and Hierarchy from the End of the 14th Century to the End of the 15th Century. Comparison of the Developement in the Czech Lands and Burgundy" describes the evolution of clothing style in both countries. It is based mainly on iconographic resources, with some additional information from written sources and literature. On this base the approach and means to this kind of representation of secular higher class in given areas are compared. The original basis of the 14th century French court culture was further developed by the Burgundian society, with emphasis on the shaped silhouette. On the other hand, the Czech lands departed from this way and adopted a new direction to the German area. The transalpine impulses are reflected as late as in the last quarter of the 15 th century. The material of the clothes is assessed as a more important aspect of representation than the shape. The text outlines also the way of further development as well as points out some unclear articles of the topic.
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The Magic in the era of Charles IV. and his heirs
Vozár, Zdenko ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Libichová Cermanová, Pavlína (referee)
The question of magic in the later middle ages has a rather long tradition in the Bohemian historical milieu in the argument over the manuscripts of Kues. However, it is only one of the very aspects of the subject, and others were until now more or less neglected. Therefore I would like to bring a new fresh perspective and clearly define the field of research into its dynamic complexity. My argument is composed from three integrally interconnected parts. Firstly, I should bring forward the question: What is magic? The exact definition of this word is still not agreed upon despite the grand effort of scholars not only from the last decades. By examination of the word "magic" I have to have as a condition a very good referential background for it. With the second question, I concentrate on diachronic of the historical context and its dynamics of the transfer and contra-transfer of learned magic in Bohemia. At last, I am taking into account the close investigation of the written sources and the overall dynamics of the bigger European picture of the period. The main argument proposed by this thesis, is that the used sources are predating the Kues manuscript and that in the 14th century the unprecedented growth of the artistic faculty of the Prague university, as one of the first, brought into play the...
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The Memoirs of Philippe de Commines as a Source of the History of Political Thinking and the Diplomatic Practice
Vybíralová, Sára ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Žůrek, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with the memoirs of Philippe de Commynes and the possibilities of their utilization as a source on the history of mentalities. This significant politician and diplomat of Burgundian origin, although little known in our country, left the court of Charles the Bold to be in service of Louis XI of France. In his memoirs, written after the death of Louis XI., Commynes firstly celebrates this sovereign and secondly he attempts to intensify the didactic scope of the text through various literary resources (digression, exempla), and he tries to stress on some political and moral premises. Regarding the focusing on readers of monarchs and courtiers side, the Memoires approaches a different literary genre - mirrors for princes. Their advices are however targeted practically and often there rebinds some pragmatism even in their ethic tone. A progressive, modern flow in thinking in the work of Phillippe de Commynes is represented by his rejection of "useless" knight graces and values such as pride and glory, and enforcing of "wisdom" perceived entirely newly as a political skill combined with caution. The second part of the thesis attempts to map the testimony of the Memoirs about diplomatic experience of the time, in which symbolic communication and ritual played an important role on one...
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Image of the King of Bohemia John of Luxembourg in the Writings of Guillaume de Mauchaut
Holovská, Kateřina ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Svátek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis is devoted to Guillaume de Machaut and his writings that depict the poet's views on the ideal monarch, and his memories of John of Luxembourg. In the opening chapters of this thesis the author presents a brief biography of Guillaume de Machaut, his literary work and historical context that influenced the poet's thinking. The thesis also examines Machaut's idea of an ideal ruler, mainly contained in his essay Comfort for a Friend. The last part of this thesis is devoted to John of Luxembourg. The author deals with the reasons that led to the fact that John of Luxembourg became in the Machaut's work the embodiment of the ideal ruler. She also compares the Machaut's representation of the Czech King with predominantly negative perception in Czech chronicles of 14th century. Machaut's testimony of the Czech King helps to understand the John's popularity in Western Europe and the divergence between Czech a French concept of ideal ruler.
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The Idea of "The Chosen Nation" in Late Middle Ages
Hartmann, Zdeněk ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Pavel (referee)
This thesis examines the thought of Joan of Arc for categories of identity paving the way to modern nationalism. The underlying model for this undertaking is Ernst Kantorowicz's theory of the increasing depersonalization or abstractness of power. With this model as a guide, this thesis proposes a set of categories of identity on which the process of change put forward by Kantorowicz can be tracked. The thesis then classifies, against this backdrop, the individual categories as either progressive, i. e. abstract, or concrete, i. e. dependent on the older ideas of power and kingship, arguing that the concrete categories may be associated with the principles of popular mentality as described by Aron Gurevich. It turns out, however, that clear-cut criteria distinguishing concrete and abstract categories are difficult to establish and, at the end of the day, we have to settle for a simplifying and not entirely satisfactory classification. The analytical part of the thesis then examines what instances of categories of identity can be found in the minutes of the interrogation of Joan of Arc. The overwhelming majority of these categories of identity, it turns out, fall under the 'concrete' label. Such a result seems to correspond very well with the Gurevichian idea of difference, although by no means an absolute...
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The Czech lands and the avignon papacy in the period 1378-1419, diplomatic aspects
Vlková, Tereza ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Pavel (referee)
0 ABSTRACT In my thesis I focus on the political situation in the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Kingdom of France during the Great Western Schism, particularly its first two thirds. I put emphasis on the personality of Honoré Bovet, who was a diplomat and a messenger of the French king and who visited the court of the Bohemian king, Wecleslas IV. in 1399 My work is based on primary and secondary sources and scientific and specialised literature concerning the subject mentioned above. In addition I made use of my one- semester study program in France where I attended the lectures of and consultations with French medieval historians. First I describe in the thesis the ecclesiastical and political situation in both kingdoms. The next chapters are dedicated to the personality of Honoré Bovet and his writings related to his opinion on the Great Western Schism and the church in general. As a result of the research I present a general attitude of the French Kingdom to the Bohemian Kingdom, particularly king Wenceslas IV, in the period of the Great Western Schism and the dual papacy. Moreover, based on his writings I express Bovet's view of the Schism and the personalities involved in the Schism.
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Discourse and Account of the Noble Traveller in the Late Middle Ages (Ogier d'Anglure Nompar de Caumont, Guillebert de Lannoy, Bertrandon de la Broquière)
Svátek, Jaroslav ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Marchandisse, Alain (referee) ; Paravicini, Werner (referee)
Tout d'abord, j'aimerais exprimer mes profonds remerciements mes deux co-directeurs de thse : Bertrand Schnerb qui m'a fait découvrir le monde de la Bourgogne et de sa noblesse, a toujours prté l'oreille mes questions pendant mon séjour Lille, malgré leur nature tâtonnante aux débuts de mes recherches. Ce travail lui doit aussi énormément grâce ses relectures attentives et suggestions stimulantes. Il m'est impossible de rendre toute la gratitude Martin Nejedlý qui a invité son écuyer Jaroslav la table dressée de l'histoire du Moyen Âge en le plaçant juste devant l'un des voyageurs le plus remarquables de cette époque. Sa renommée dans le monde des médiévistes français m'a ouvert les portes dans leurs ateliers. La possibilité de rédiger la thse en cotutelle serait impensable sans l'aide de la Bourse du gouvernement français : cette occasion, je voudrais remercier tous ceux qui m'ont rendu possible de passer les trois semestres d'études Lille. Ce travail est aussi le résultat d'une impulsion que j'ai reçue des deux éminentes spécialistes du récit de voyage : Nicole Chareyron qui m'a fit connaissance avec ce genre littéraire ; malheureusement, il ne pourra pas en voir le résultat, et Christiane Deluz qui m'a doté des outils méthodiques nécessaires pour le thme choisi. Je souhaite également remercier mes...
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