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Czech constitutional conception as a major political programme of the national movement in the years 1848-1849
Plačková, Daniela ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Resumé Das tschechische staatsrechtliche Programm entsteht etwa von Anfang der 40er Jahre des 19. Jahrhunderts an, also zu der Zeit, als sich die ökonomische Stellung der tschechischen Bürgerschaft, die den politischen Kampf mit dem Absolutismus von Metternich und mit der regierenden deutschen Bürgerschaft führt, zu festigen beginnt. Strenge Zensur hat keine offenen politischen Äußerungen ermöglicht, die nicht loyal geschrieben wurden, und deshalb wurde das tschechische politische Programm vor dem Jahr 1848 nur in zahlreichen anonymen Broschüren von tschechischen Verfassern veröffentlicht. Dieses politische Programm ist eine staatsrechtliche Konzeption in dem Sinne, dass es auf Grund des historischen Rechtes die Verbindung von Ländern der tschechischen Krone beinhaltet. Auf der anderen Seite zeigt sich darin der Grundwiderspruch, der für die tschechische Politik in den Jahren 1848-49 typisch ist und der darin besteht, dass das tschechische staatsrechtliche Programm zwar im Grunde die Äußerung der tschechischen staatlichen Unabhängigkeit bedeutet, aber in Wirklichkeit einen Kompromiss mit der Habsburgermonarchie darstellt und völlig vom Gedanken des Austroslavismus ausgeht. Das staatsrechtliche Programm der tschechischen Liberalen wird in den revolutionären Jahren 1848-49 zu der bedeutendsten politischen...
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The civil rights in the constitution of the 29th february 1920
Svobodová, Lenka ; Adamová, Karolina (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
99 12. Resumé This rigorous work includes the development of civil rights under the Constitutional Charters, which were related to the Czech nation. Were thus the Constitutions from the time when the Czech and Slovak nations was not a separate nation. Therefore, this work deals with civil rights from the first Austrian Constitution, which was the Constitution of April 1848 , to the first comprehensive constitution itself of the Czechoslovak Republic from February 1920. This historical development of civil rights in the each of individual constitutions was important for the development of the whole company then. The scope of civil rights contained in the constitution coincided with the then democracy in society. Due to Austria was absolute monarchy, it was very difficult to incorporate into the Austrian Institute of individual civil rights. As the company evolved, as well as Austrian, then gradually to expand civil rights in the constitutions. Therefore, this work examines in detail the various constitutions in order to capture the development of these civil rights in the constitutions. Even if in the last Constitution of Austro-Hungarian Empire was civil rights enshrined the large-scale application in real life was minimal and problematic. Constitutional development of civil rights in Austria and then...
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Nationalizations in Czechoslovakia and France 1945 - 1948
Kukanová, Katarína ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
NATIONALIZATIONS IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND FRANCE 1945-1948 This thesis deals with process of nationalizations in Czechoslovakia and France from 1945 to 1948. It tries to compare an approach of Czechoslovak and French government to the restrictions of private property ownership after the Second World War. The First Chapter is theoretical and introductory to the topic. It starts with prehistory of nationalizations and presents the differences between capitalist and socialist notion of liberty, equality and private property and transformation of nationalizations from the economic and political concept to the legal institute. It also tries to outline the differences between nationalizations and related legal institutes as expropriation, confiscation and national administration. The Chapter Two targets on similarities and differences of nationalizations in Czechoslovakia and France during the years 1945-1948 and seeks to respond a question to what extent the Czechoslovak reforms resembled the way the Western States dealt with new economic, political and social situation in Europe after the war. It describes economic, political and social conditions of the post-war nationalizations in Europe and process of nationalizations in France and Czechoslovakia during the above-mentioned period. Comparison of Czechoslovak and...
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The reflection of the conception if the civic society into Austrian constitutions
Hájek, Petr ; Adamová, Karolina (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The work deals with the civic society and with the civil rights in the constitutions in the 19th century in Austrian monarchy. The author stresses the link between the development of the civic society and the conception of the civil rights. He analyses the civil rights and tries to show the difference between the regular legislation and the reality, that means between the law and real practice. The important place occupies in this work with the idea od the equality which could not be realised in the time of the existence of the aristocratic privileges. Key words: civil rights, civic society, the constitution, Austrian monarchy
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