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Natural or Artificial Intelligence?
Havlík, Vladimír
The distinction between natural and artificial is the basic question which fundamentally affects other considerations and conclusions connected with artificial intelligence. The article deals with few examples of natural-artificial distinction in the philosophy of science and then discuss what results from it for the problem of intelligence. On the basis of Dennett’s conception of intentionality it tries to show that besides the traditional conception there is another perspective in which the natural-artificial distinction disappears.
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The fate of the Roma in Czechoslovakia between 1918 - 1945 from the point of view of the settlement Bohusoudov destruction.
HAVLÍK, Vladimír
The thesis generally deals with the situation of the Roma on the territory of newly formed Czechoslovakia between 1918 - 1945 on the backgroundof the particular example of the Roma settlement in Bohusoudov. The introductory part concentrates on coming of the Roma ethnicities on our territory and on circumstances of formation of the Roma settlement in Bohusoudov. The following one tries to look closer at the state of Roma population in the Czechoslovakia Republic from the point of view of legal framework, subsistence, criminality, schooling and religion. This view is complemented by circumstances in Bohusoudov. The next chapter concentrates on Roma genocide which took place in forced concentration camps in Hodonín u Kunštátu and Auschwitz II-Birkenau. The second part of the thesis contains a survey among contemporary inhabitants of neighbouring villages which tries to find out knowledge of history and life of the perished Roma community in Bohusoudov. The enclosure of the thesis offers a set of preserved texts from Bohusoudov and a nominal list of victims from the settlement.
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Ernst Mach and Evolutionary Conception of Science
Havlík, Vladimír
Mach's evolutionary conception of science is often neglected and did not received sufficient attention in the course of interpretation of his work. This article aims to emphasize such aspects of Mach's philosophy of science as his evolutionary epistemology, biological function of science, variable and historical character of all theorizing, theory laden character of observation and holism. All these aspects show that biological motives are substantial for Mach’s conception and that from this perspective it could be understood as a compact and logically interconnected system. This view suggests a more adequate interpretation of Mach‘s work and through the evolutional perspective understand him much more consistently.
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Memes and the Theory of Universal Darwinism
Havlík, Vladimír
The article deals with the philosophical presuppositions and groundwork of the memetics. The central question is an analysis of Universal Darwinism as a common and universal evolutional principle or pattern that always springs in every environment when there're fulfilled required conditions. An evolutional process could be possibly described like an algorithmic process that faces to the rise of organized orderliness. Darwinism in this generally universal sense points to a distinctness survival of any kind self replicated code of information that has some influence over its probability of replication. The article stresses methodological importance of memetics as it makes possible to introspect variety of cultural development from a simple unification perspective.
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Emergence or Supervenient Epifenomenal Ontology?
Havlík, Vladimír
The article deals with a theory of emergence and her role in the contemporary estimation of the theory of complexity. The main focus is layed on the "ontological emergence" and on the development of the theory of emergence from the "British emergentism" to the recent approaches. This article tries to prove inconclusiveness of Kim's arguments against the possibility of ontological emergence.
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Popper's Dream and the Propensity Interpretation of Probability
Havlík, Vladimír
The article deals with Popper's propensity interpretation of probability in the context of his metaphysical epilogue to Schisma of physics. The analysis is devoted to Popper's conjecture about propensity and indeterminism, to description of the new picture of physical reality and to the new metaphysical program of propensity cosmology.
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Atomism in Science
Havlík, Vladimír
The article deals with the role of atomistic conception in science, from its birth to modern physics. Different evaluations of atomism from various point of view and the exhaustion of this idea is taken into consideration.
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