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Matrimonial causes at the Utraquist Consistory of Kutná Hora in the second half of the 16th century till the beginning of the 17th century (with the regard to the same disputes in the Utraquist Consistory of Prague)
Krupková, Hana ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
The main topic of this thesis are problems of married life of a man and a woman, their mutual conflicts and the question of attitude of the society of that period to the marriage. The most important source for this work were the files of the Utraquist Consistory of Kutná Hora. In this work we also find a brief description of the history of this consistory. Their beginnings date back to the early 16th century and it finished its activities more or less in the year 1622. We focused our attention on the formation and the development of the marriage, both from the general point of view and its legal regulations in Bohemia. We described the efforts of the Church to bring under its domination decisions in the affairs of marriage. Only after the ecclesiastic council of Trentino ( which proclaimed the sacred character of the marriage, acceptance of the sacrament of marriage in the presence of a priest ) marriage and married life started to be understood as significant religious sacraments. Still in the 16th century only the marriage vow - between partners - was primary. After it, the marriage was considered as concluded. Religious blessing was only secondary. There were common cases when pregnant young women sued men for breaking the marriage vow. Only now they tried to maintain their honour and enter into the...
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Population list according to religious belief in the domaine of Trutnov
Tomková, Adéla ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zahradník, Pavel (referee)
The main subject of this work is to analyse demographic, social and religious trends in the domain of Trutnov after the end of the Thirty Years' War. For this purpose I made use of the Population list according to religious belief from 1651, as a primary resource, which allows a deeper understanding of the state of affairs at the Trutnov domain. As the origin of this List is closely related to the recatholisation efforts, in the initial part of my work , I presented a brief introduction to the religious development at the domain in the post - Battle of White Mountain period. In my work I focused mainly on the analysis of some demographic indicators such as stratification of society based upon age, age difference between spouses or sex ratio. In relation to the religious belief of Trutnov's residents I focused also on the adoption of non-Catholic belief by their children, who not always shared their parents' faith. The last part of my thesis deals with the number of domesticsand their sex distribution, as well as with the role of crafts, suffering from the negative impact of the Thirty Years' War. For this task I used the tax register "Berní rula" for comparison.
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Jewish community in Libochovice in early modern times
Zentner, Jakub Václav ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ebelová, Ivana (referee)
The thesis deals with the Jewish community in the early modern times on the example of the town of Libochovice. After fundamental information about the essence of the Jewish religion and culture, there are reminded basic historical connections of the historical development of the Jewish in the Bohemia and conditions which formed special status of the Jewish in the Christian society in the middle age and in the early modern times. Following chapters describes the origin of the Jewish settlement in Libochovice and demographical development from 16th to 18th century. The thesis continues with treatise about the topography of the Jewish quarter, about the Jewish trades and crafts in the relationship with the Christians and about the life of the Jewish community in the religions meaning (synagogue, mikveh and cemetery). Briefly there is also written about the historical continuation of the Jewish community in the 19th and 20th century and their death during the holocaust. The part of this thesis is the edition of the fifteen listings of the Jews of Libochovice from years 1697-1846 and the pictures supplement.
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The conflict between the town of Turnov and the counts of Waldstein at the beginning of the 18th century. A contribution to the study of subjugate-authority relationships
Boháček, Jan ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee)
The relationships between subjects and authorities are well observable in times of their mutual conflict. That was when controversial and conflicting topics had to be defined; moreover, an open dispute left a more evident trace in the written sources. An extensive body of literature already exists on disputes between subjects and authorities in rural contexts. Considerable focus has been on the serf rebellions in the 17th and 18th centuries. To the contrary, little research has been done into the topic of the relationships between tributary towns and their authorities in the Post-Bílá Hora period. The fundamental obstruction has been the individual conditions in the respective towns, the more complex social structures of towns compared to the countryside, and last but not least, the amount of sources that remain yet to be worked on.
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The alchemist Edward Kelley. The story of a man called "Engellender"
Chourová, Petra ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ebelová, Ivana (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the alchemist Edward Kelley who is missed out in Czech historiography so far. He is a very interesting person and there are many legends related to him, which are sometimes hard to differentiate from the reality. Kelley was born in 1555 in an English town called Worcester but he also lived in Bohemia for a long time. It is important that he took service with scholar John Dee who was engaged by the court of the Queen Elizabeth I. With this man which was looking for the right medium in so called angelic conversations, that should show him the way to reach the entire knowledge, he undertook a journey round Europe. They came to Bohemia in the year 1584 and Kelley stayed there until his death in 1597. The Prague court of Rudolf II. represented optimal background for scholars and artists of diverse countries and it was also attractive for a lot of cozeners interested in earning money.
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Flyers in the Thirty Years War
Válek, Filip ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kortus, Oldřich (referee)
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) is one of the major events in both the European and the Czech history. It affected the whole of Central, Western and South Eastern Europe. The 1 i h century, however, did not see only ragging wars; it also saw the birth of Baroque culture in Bohemia. An essential part of the culture was art and the fine arts especially. In the fine arts the religious and social events of the era found their c1earest reflection. Moreover, fine art, for various groups of people, was a c1ear appeal to change their political opinions, systems of values and religious beliefs. The 1 i h century provided new impetus for the development of newspapers, brochures and leaflets; most of these were published in print. The majority of events which took place in Bohemia or outside of it were thought to have a major impact on history. This was very important for the then media, as it provided them with a reservoir of events to report on. In my thesis, I ex amine one type of printed reports, namely printed single sheets, which have been well preserved in sufficient quantity. Printed single sheets were used to convey emotionally coloured content to influence the warring parties of the Thirty Year' s War according to their author' s aim. In my thesis, I look at history through single sheets, which were mainly...
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"... in the time of portreeve Šimon Mikl..." life in Fryšták in the first half of the 18th century
Láník, Petr ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Stejskal, Aleš (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the history of a small town Fryšták in the first half of the 18th century. Šimon Mikl is our guide of those days - a bourgeois who lived from 1693 to 1762/67. The first part describes the situation of towns in the 17th and 18th century in the Czech lands, their settlement with consequences of the Thirty - Years War and Enlightenment reforms. In the other part I devote to the history, the economic and social situation of Fryšták from the first written mention to the end of the 18th century. In the last part of the bachelor thesis Šimon Mikl's life is decribed - he was a portreeve, a reeve and a bourgeois of Fryšták.
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Inventories of inheritance of the early modem period nobility in the Principate of Opava and Krnov as a source of history of every-dayness (1650-1740)
Mašitová, Petra ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Fukala, Radek (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
Inventories of inheritance of the early modem period nobility in the Principate of Opava and Krnov as a source ofhistory of every-dayness The universa! analysis and comparison of nobility's inventories of inheritance is an object of the work. Concemed inventories were built in years 1650-1740, the bottom limit is given by the end of Thirty Y ears' War (late leave of Swedish garrisons from north Moravian and Salesian region) and the top limit corresponds with dividing of Salesian principalities after the lost War of the Austrian Succession. Time definition of the work deliberately ignores year 1620, which is much too stressed as an important marker by Czech historiography. From geographical point of view we cover the region of Czech Silesia, namely historie principalities of Opava and Krnov. The resources' base consists of agenda, which is located in Land archive in Opava, in the fund District executive of Opava-Krnov's principality in Opava 1507-1784. There are over 300 inventory numbers in the aforementioned fund, which contains inheritance and trusteeship cases from the 16th to 18th century. I am interested in 20 inventories of persons, whose houses acted in the area of Upper Silesia: Eichendorf, Vlčkové of Dobrá Zemice, Bokové of Burgvice, Bruntálští of Vrbno, Hodicové of Hodice, Brixové of Moncle and...
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Libeř. Transformation of microsocial, agricultural, and ecological structure of the village in the Central Bohemia region in the Early modern period
Kucrová, Veronika ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This Thesis puts mind to population and natural development of village Libeř in Central Bohemia. The first part focuses on demography and follow nuptiality, natality and mortality from the end of 16th till the middle of 19th century. Selected developments are compared with similar and other locality. Fragments offers look to everydayness of Libeř's villagers - strategy of partners selection, choice of childern's names and godfathers, most frequent causes of death in individual age categories etc. The most important fountains for historical demography are church registers and old land registers. Confessional and memorial books are complementary to partial details to concrete people. In this chapter is short development of parishs, which partakes of spiritual government in Libeř. The 2.th. part of Thesis studies changes of natural territory and his usage, formation village borders and image of rural zone. Among monitored problems pertains patrimonial competency to parcels and changes, too. Base of documents are above all written and cartographic fountains - the old land registers, cadasters (Theresian Register, Josephinian Register) and memorial books. From map basis are there the so called Indication Scheme and so called 1.military surveying, digital geologic, aquiculturing and cadastral map sets. Research...
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Depiction of early modern period society in ego-documents of Bohemian noblewomen of 17th century
Zítková, Markéta ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Boháčová, Veronika (referee)
The research subject of this thesis are written sources of private character - socalled ego-documents - which originated predominantly in the 1st half of the 17th century and which were written by several Bohemian noblewomen of 3 to 4 generations. Through the analysies of these sources and through the application of secondary literature it is possible not only to restore life of these authors but in particular also to enter into some spheres of their everyday conscious and non-conscious reality, which essentially determined mentality, behaviour, or character of the whole society which necessarily had to be reflected in the written expression as well. By following the period written expressions it is thus possible to demonstrate a fundamental change of whole society which occurred during several decades of the 1st half of the 17th century in connection with the epoch-making period events. Although the characters of this fundamental change of society are quite clear in a long time period, they trail away and become rather blurry in a short perspective. The aim of this thesis is thus to find out and restore some of the trends which lead to the abovementioned change, attempt to grasp and name them and point out the profundity of impacts of the post-Bílá Hora measures.
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