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Co vypovídají letecké snímky o stavu biotopů v Národním parku Šumava?
Hamarčák, Mário ; Křenová, Zdeňka (vedoucí práce) ; Kindlmann, Pavel (oponent)
Využívanie metód diaľkového prieskumu zeme v oblasti ochrany prírody a krajiny zaznamenáva v poslednej dobe veľký rozmach. Možnosť implementácie dát získaných na základe DPZ do prostredia GIS z nich vytvára čoraz silnejší nástroj aj pre samotné vytváranie managementu v zvlášť chránených územiach. Práca sa zaoberá stručným prehľadom metód DPZ, projektov, ktoré využívajú tieto aplikácie a možnosťou ich aplikácie do praxe. Jej súčasťou sú príklady jednotlivých výskumných aktivít v oblasti diaľkového prieskumu zameraných hlavne na ochranu a monitoring stavu lesných porastov. Podáva aj návrh metodiky k analýze zmien stavu biotopov v záujmovom území, ktorým je Národný park Šumava. Kľúčové slová: Biotopy, Management chránených území, Biotopy sústavy Natura 2000, GIS, Letecké snímky, DPZ
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Zonation of NP as an important tool of nature conservation: consequences of fragmentation of zonatio in Šumava NP
Křenová, Zdeňka
The Šumava NP zonation has been debated since the very establishment of the National park and refl ects the views and opinions on nature conservation principles among various groups of experts. Th e fi rst zonation developed in 1991 fully respected the original intention of the goals of the National park, i.e. leaving space for spontaneous processes in nature. In 1995, the zonation was dramatically changed, because the NP’s senior managers supported the opinion that a European Spruce Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak can be reduced only by forest management measures, i.e. by extensive felling. Th us, only 13 % of the NP’s territory was within the Zone I and was fragmented into 135 patches, which was strongly criticized by experts. Th e necessity to adopt the new zonation graduated aft er the hurricane Kyrill in 2007, when large parts of fragmented forests were destroyed by wind. A new proposal for delineating the Zone I is based on botanical, forest management and zoological criteria, carefully assessing the NP’s values. Th e proposed Zone I covers 39.2 % of the NP territory and is distributed into 10 units. Th e proposal was delivered as a background for a working group draft ing a New Act on Šumava NP on behalf of the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic. Good zonation of NPs is concluded to be an important tool of nature conservation but respect for legislation, international NP principles, and current scientifi c knowledge should be the main rule for responsible decision making in protected areas and biodiversity conservation.
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