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Immunoscore in 3D tissue
Novák, Jaromír ; Drbal, Karel (advisor) ; Procházka, Jan (referee)
Solid tumors are complex structures comprising besides the cancer cells vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), soluble molecules and a plethora of various other cell types. These components form a so-called tumour microenvironment. From the numerous cell types that are part of tumor microenvironment, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a major role in patient prognosis. Their presence is also of major importance with regard to new biological therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors. Crucial role of TILs is also reflected by the new approaches in cancer diagnostics namely by Immunoscore method (currently used in clinical settings). Immunoscore is based on localization and quantification of CD3+ and CD8+ TILs in thin histological sections of tumor tissue. The question remains to which extent the information obtained from 2D slices reflects the situation in tumor microenvironment considering its spatial heterogeneity. The development of new methodological approaches allowing evaluation of histological information in 3D is the key to answer this question. The theoretical part of this work first describes the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment and the role of immune cells within it. Then, the role of spatial heterogeneity and its possible influence on the histopathological...
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Utilization of Financial Analysis as a Tool for Investment Decisions
Málek, Jiří ; Novák, Jaromír (referee) ; Ptáček, Roman (advisor)
This diploma thesis on the topic "Use of financial analysis as an instrument of investment decision-making" processes the financial evaluation of the economy and the effectiveness of selected investment decisions in the past years using methods of financial analysis. For this purpose, I chose the monitored period from 2012 to 2018. In the first part of the thesis, attention is paid to the evaluation of performance and financial sustainability in terms of implemented and planned investments of the theoretical base. The methods and analyzes used also include the methodology of their calculation. The second part deals with the individual indicators applied to Škoda Auto a.s., based in Mladá Boleslav a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group. In addition, this section addresses the approach and decision making of the management of the company on investment projects that have already been planned or are planned in the near future, and recommendations are proposed for improving.
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Methods of murine brain 3D imaging focusing on tissue clearing
Novák, Jaromír ; Drbal, Karel (advisor) ; Němec, Pavel (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Many variants of microscopic techniques are the key methods for tissue structure examination in the research as well as in clinical practice. Since the vast majority of examined tissues are intrinsically opaque, it is difficult to reconstruct their 3D structure with light microscopy. However the spatial structure is inherently connected to the function of cells, tissues or whole organs. The most common approach is sample sectioning to the thin layers, which are subsequently examined or used for 3D structure reconstruction of the sample. A different approach is to use a series of chemical reagents able to clear the samples and make them accessible for imaging via microscopy without the need for physical sectioning. Although this approach was first used more than a century ago, the widespread use of these methods came in the last few years. Since the resurgence of tissue clearing method a lot of new principles how to clear the samples were discovered as well as many new chemical compounds can be used for this purpose.. Clearing methods are becoming more and more sophisticated: the volume of samples which can be cleared is continuously growing, new methods are becoming faster and automated, the quality of after-cleared tissues is improving and compatibility with many stains including antibodies is...
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Contemporary Health and Safety at Work Problems and their Influence on the Functioning of an Organization
Králik, Tomáš ; Svěrák, Tomáš (referee) ; Novák, Jaromír (advisor)
This diploma thesis elaborated on the subject „Contemporary Health and Safety at Work Problems and their Influence on the Functioning of an Organization“ focuses on the description of contemporary state of Health and safety at work problems in work activities, where the source of risk is represented by chemical substances, from the point of view of a company. The thesis sets out a view of legislative definition for the mentioned topic and also the possible application of safety at work management programs. This part also includes a summary description of risk analysis methods. In the practical part of the thesis, there is an organizational directive for a fictive company engaged in chemical production made. This directive will identify possible occupational risks resulting from the manufacturing process, and it will also evaluate the amount of risk for particular work activities in conjunction with hazard factors. The next part of the thesis contains a proposal of measures for risk reduction, based upon the previously mentioned evaluation. In the final part of the thesis, the author contemplates the possibilities of health and safety at work system improvement.
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Some characteristics of safe society, its risks and threats
Novák, Jaromír
Safety is essential condition of existence and development of society. Society consists of many systems and subsystems. Complexity of their behavior and their manageability is harder and harder. Scientific and technical development influences more and more whole society and has strong influence to a human behavior as main managing and managed element. Technics and technologies influence working of systems, subsystems in the positive and also negative way. New risks and threats are grooving. Things, phenomena and processes of objective reality are less manageable and by that becoming risky for society. Knowing character of development tendencies of society is harder than in the past and as a consequence of this it is harder to manage things to predict development - especially negative sides.
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Extreme situations solving in welfare institutions
Svoboda, Radek ; Valášek, Rudolf (referee) ; Novák, Jaromír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with extraordinary events solving in social care institutions. There are introduced basic terms, case studies, legislative overview and legislative defined duties for building and operation of social care institutions in the Czech Republic. Next part contains definitions of extreme situations and description of its solving and possible complications. It was undertaken an analysis of the statistics in the Czech Republic about incidents during the last ten years. It contains description of recent state solution in nursing homes in district Pelhřimov. In the last parts are proposed amendments to regulations and standards.
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Conception of Population Protection till 2020 and its Possible Reflection in the Teaching at the Elementary and Secondary Schools
Pajpachová, Veronika ; Mika, Otakar Jiří (referee) ; Novák, Jaromír (advisor)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is Conception of population protection till 2020 and its possible reflection in the teaching at the elementary and secondary schools. The issue of teaching of Population Protection was neglected at the end of the last century. Therefore it is necessary to create a functional system that would allow access for school children to a high standard education. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the history of population protection. It also describes emergencies in the Czech Republic and contains a review of educational manuals and tools used during the education. The second part represents the Conception of population protection till 2020 and shows the current state of education. The conclusion deals with a proposal of the educational system.
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Posibilities and Needs of Information and Computer Technologies Exploitation by integrated rescue system
Milošic, Tomáš ; Polívka, Lubomír (referee) ; Novák, Jaromír (advisor)
This work illustrates and discusses the fundamental theoretical and practical problems of using information and computer technologies, and analyzes the possibilities of forwarding information and data about emergency situations towards forces and resources of the Integrated Rescue System and among the regional emergency operational centers of the integrated system. Its content is focused on addressing and eliminating these problems through a modernization that can be made by the adoption of projects that use advanced computer and communication technologies. The implementation of these technologies at all regional operational centers of basic bodies of the Integrated Rescue System is an absolute necessity. Information and computer technologies would enable the realization of the objectives and purposes of the integrated rescue system after the implementation of the common modern architectures in the future.
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