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The aspect of postmodernism in the works of Mario Vargas Llosa
Juránková, Magda ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
Žijeme ve společnosti, která se označuje různými adjektivy: konzumní, masová, ludická, informační, postindustriální, postmoderní. Označení odkazují k jednotlivým charakteristikám současné společnosti. V práci pracuji s konceptem postmodernismu, jehož samotné označení je polemické. Vysvětluji, v čem spočívá polemika o postmodernismu, na základě teoretických děl Huyssena (2002), Harveyho (1998), Jamesona (1991, 1998), Baudril1arda (1987) a Hutcheonové (2002). Každý ze zmíněných autorů předkládá kritickou studii určitého aspektu postmodernismu a přispívá k diskusi o vztahu modernismu a postmodernismu, obecněji k diskusi o významu pojmu "postmodernismus". Se zmíněnými autory polemizuji. Zjednodušeně lze říci, že popisuji rysy současného umění a situaci v současné kultuře. Na úvod je třeba odlišit postmodernismus a postmodernitu. Postmodernismus se týká aspektů estetické reflexe povahy modernity. Kdežto postmodernita označuje vznik nového typu sociálního řádu, odlišného od instituCÍ modernity. (Giddens 1998: 46) Soustředím se na postmoderní literaturu, neboť tématem práce je postmodernismus a romány Mario Vargas Llosy. Soustředím se na aspekt postmodernismu v jeho dílech La tía Julia y el escribidor (1977) a EI hablador (1987). Uvádím i zvláštnosti sociálního a kulturního kontextu Latinské Ameriky, neboť do...
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Transformations of the novel heroing from Romanticism by Modernism: María, Lucía Jerez, Ídolos Rotos, El Hombre de Hierro
Lněničková, Jana ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
1.1. Résumé The objective of this thesis is to show how female's protagonists had changed from Romanticism by Modernism. On that purpose we decided to choose and compare four different novels: María (by Jorge Isaacs), Lucía Jerez (by José Martí) and Broken Idols (Ídolos rotos by Manuel Díaz Rodríguez) and The iron man (El hombre de hierro by Rufino Blanco Fombona). The thesis begins with an introduction to Romanticism and Modernism and then it is divided into three main parts; each of them is focused on one of the novels. As for three parts, first, we mention a story line of each novel and then we focus on four main female heroines: María, Lucía, Teresa and María Luz. We start with María. María is considered to be a romantic novel. It is a story about unfortunate love between Efraín and María. María is young, beautiful, innocent and pure. We do not know much about her feelings or thoughts because it is Efraín (her love and narrator of the story), who describes everything. It seems like María has no will, she let other people to decide for her. At the end of the story María dies, but she will always be in Efraín's heart; pure and beautiful as she was during her short life. The novel Lucía Jerez stays between Romanticism and Modernism. It is also a love story, but this kind of love is different from the...
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The Indian world in the novels by Alcides Arguedas and Ciro Alegría
Fauová, Veronika ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
In my diplom work I tried to describe two indigenist novels: Bronze race by Alcides Arguedas and Broad and alien is the world by Ciro Alegría. The work is divided in three principal parts: The indigenous people like literary topic in the Andean region, The indigenism like resource of the indigenist novel, Bronze race and Broad and alien is the world. The first part is dedicated to the evolution of the Indian as litarary personage: From the romantic and idealized perspective, through the indianist novel up to the indigenist novel. Turning point between these types of novel was the novel Birds without a nest of the Peruvian writer, Clorinda Matto de Turner. In the second part I described the most important historical events that preceded the evolution of the indigenist novel. In the third part of my diplom work I devote myself to the analysis of two indigenist novels: Bronze race and Broad and alien is the world. I centered in the concept of the space and its relation with the composition, in the importance of the nature and tried to find how both authors see the indigenous world, if it is from the social or cultural point of view and which are their solutions of the problem.
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Sexuality, erotismus and love in the novels of Manuel Puig
Dlesková, Ivana ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the subject of sex and love in the prose of Manuel Puig. Defining the differences between erotica and phornography, the isme of sexuality, male and fiale social roles and love in the context of literature and popular culture in the introductory section of the thesis, were used in the analysis of Puig's novels. The author conceives sex as a natural part of life, presents the reader variol types of sexual behavior and perceptions of sexuality in the context of his time. The theme of eroticism, sex and love in the work of Manuel Puig is associated with social stereotypes and conteporary phenomenons of mass culture. Elaboration of sexual theme in author's novels is often implicite and gives space for reader's own imagination.
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Mario Vargas Llosa's concept of the novel: the theory and the practice (La casa verde)
Dvořák, Lubor ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Charvátová, Anežka (referee)
This study is focused on the fi rst creat ive period of the novel ist Mario Vargas Llosa, which is bordered approximately by the era of the "Boom" of the new hispanoamerican novel . The aim of this study is to out l ine Vargas Llosa's view on l i terature and i ts funct ion, wri ter and his mission, relat ionship between the fict ion and the real i ty and the piece creat ion process. The study examines these opi - nions from the point of view of thei r general val idi ty and observes the extent of thei r implementat ion in his novel La Casa Verde. The creat ion background of this novel is a subject of a special interest . Ment ioned opinions form Vargas Llosa's integrated concept of the novel as a genre and, in spi te of the fact that thei r general val idi ty is quest ioned in this study, the author uses them success ful ly in wri t ing both novels and l i terary cri t iques. There is also carried out the interpretation and analysis of the "novela total" theory which is based on Mario Vargas Llosa's essential essays; García Márquez: historia de un deicidio and La orgía perpetua: Flaubert y "Madame Bovary" and is faced with narrative techniques of the novel La Casa Verde. This confrontat ion shows that the majori ty of the techniques described in the theory were used by Vargas Llosa in the novel succes sful...
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Devil Guardian: The Theme of Identity in Mexican Novel on the break of the Millenium.
Alon, Andrea ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor)
The theme of the dissertation submitted is the novel Devil Guardian, whose author is a Mexican writer Xavier Velasco. This dissertation is the very first theoretical work in the Czech environment, devoted to the above-mentioned piece of literature published in 2004. In a sense, Devil Guardian represents a characteristic Mexican novel of the early 21st century, combining tradition and novelty in a surprising and original manner. A significant feature of the contemporary Mexican literature is a departure from the theme of Mexicanity, generally from a programmatic indulging in so-called national literature. Velasco's novel is an exemplary, however, not only piece of literature proving that the literary break-up with Mexico is neither an exclusive nor a dominant attribute of the contemporary Mexican fiction. In Devil Guardian Velasco focuses his mind on the theme of personal and national identity, which he treats in a considerably nontraditional manner, giving an ironical turn to speak to a hypermodern girl moving in the globalized world. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The prostitution in Celestina and its social context
Švecová, Markéta ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
The prostitution in "The Celestine" and its social context The objective of this work is to outline the connection between prostitution as it is impersonated by the literary predecessors of "The Celestine", vivacity, which it gains in Rojas' piece, and the way it is described in the official historical documents. So that we can understand the significance and importance it had for the audience at that time. With such a large abyss of time, that divides our presence from the times of "The Celestine", it is not easy to guess how the early readers understood the book. We must get rid of today's perspective, and for this purpose it is necessary to plunge into the history. Therefore, we offer to the readers of this thesis a short introduction with basic sociological and historical information about the 15th and 16th century. Further we compare "The Celestine" with literary works that are regarded by savants as its source of inspiration, to understand better the impression that this book certainly aroused in the late-medieval readers. The relationship between reality and works of fiction is only indirect, though aspirations and frustrations of a real society can be revealed by means of the characters, their feelings, goals, and difficulties. In the chapter dedicated to the literary predecessors of "The...
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Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca: travel and change (Naufragios)
Marešová, Jaroslava ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
The book known nowadays as Naufragios by Álvar Núez Cabeza de Vaca is one of the most important testimonies about the discovery and conquest of the New World. The first half of the 16th century saw many exploration and conquest travels in which thousands of sailors, explorers, conquerors and soldiers had to face the reality of the just discovered continent. It is really interesting to see how those who wrote about this event experienced it. Naufragios has always been read as a source of historical and anthropological information, but it has been also studied for the literature elements which we can find in it. In my thesis, I tried to look at the work in its complexity: see the literature influences in it and find those elements that we could call literature elements, but also I wanted to focus on the unusual experience of the author and look into the testimony of his experience with the American reality and see how this experience changed him. My thesis begins with a historical introduction which I consider very important to situate the work in its context. I tried to explain the events which led to the discovery of the New World and also the reaction of the Old World to the discovered one. After this general introduction my work continues with analysis of the first literature that treated the reality of...
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Ramón Gómez de la Serna - a writer modernizing the Spanish novel of the 20th century
Hejsková, Marcela ; Forbelský, Josef (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
The present dissertation is dedicated to the Spanish writer Ramón Gómez de la Serna (1888-1963) and his role in the process of modernization of the Spanish novel of the 20th century. Not only in the Czech literature atmosphere, but until recently also in the Spanish literature, the problems of novel works of this author has not been analysed properly, not even set in the context of social progress and then in summary evaluated. The novels were understood more as the marginal works and very often were put out on the edge of the modern Spanish literature. The main reason why Serna's work wasn't accepted were the realistic postulates applied to the novel production in the context of that time. This work sets the task of displacing the previous negative critics of his novel and point at the fact that Gómez de la Serna is the author who surpasses intentionally the traditional understanding of novels and so that his work makes temporary parallel to the great and deep changes in the West narratology. In the same time, this Spanish novel writer anticipated some of the new narrative methods that we can find in later novel production, in some aspects the Serna's concept of writing novels harmonizes for example with poetics of the French "nouveau roman" of the fifties and sixties of the 20th century. In this work I...
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