|
|
The Development of the Form -m.u to Forms -ó/ -jó and daró as an Example of Grammaticalization and Subjectification
Kanasugi, Petra ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Fiala, Karel (referee) ; Barešová, Ivona (referee)
The thesis is a continuation of studies of Japanese modality, however its theme is not defined based on a particular kind of modality as is commonly done in synchronic studies but based on completely or to a degree shared common origin of the studied forms. Usage and properties of Early Middle Japanese -m.u are compared with usage and properties of Modern Japanese {-ō /-jō} a darō, schematic meanings of respective forms are suggested and grammaticalization and subjectification shifts which have taken place during approximately one thousand years of development are mapped. The results of the analysis show that subjectification has taken place and that the main impuls leading to the subjectification changes was grammaticalization of suffix -m.u to ending {-ō /-jō} respectively to particle (in Narrog (1998) terms) darō, which lead to split of one schematic meanings "inclination" in general control cycle (Langacker 2002, 2009) to two separate schematic meanings "inclination" in factual respectively epistemic control cycle. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Literary Analysis of Ukiyoburo by Shikitei Sanba
Mikeš, Marek ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (referee)
The main concern of this thesis is a literary analysis of Ukiyoburo, a work by Shikitei Sanba, who was a prominent Japanese writer of the Edo period. This thesis contains a fairly extensive treatment of Sanba's life and work. In this part, the highest attention is paid to works of the kokkeibon genre, which made Sanba famous. The theoretical part mainly deals with the narrative analysis, which has been chosen to be the main research method of this thesis. In the analytical part, the presented methods are used to examine mainly the narrative mode, the story, the environment, the characters and the humor of Ukiyoburo, Sanba's most important work.
|
|
|
Developing characters in Óe Kenzaburó's early fiction
Weber, Michael ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
V historii teorie literatury se objevily zásadní otázky týkající se výzkumu literatury. Problém zkoumání literatury lze nahlížet z několika úhlů podle toho, jak se po opodstatnění jejího výzkumu ptáme. Úhel pohledu zkoumání nám vymezují, stejně jako v jakékoli jiné oblasti lidského zájmu, tázací slova Proč? Co? a Jak?. Ptejme se tedy: proč literaturu zkoumat? A je možné ji zkoumat? Je-li to možné, je nutné ji zkoumat, když bychom ji mohli pouze číst a těšit se jí, jak argumentovaly skeptické směry v historii literární teorie? V Teorii literatury se dočteme, že "nelze postulovat žádný obecný zákon, který by naplňoval smysl zkoumání literatury: čím bude obecnější, tím se bude jevit abstraktnějším, a tudíž prázdnějším, a tím více nám bude unikat konkrétní předmět uměleckého díla." 1 Můžeme k problému čtení přistupovat jako k individuálnímu a tedy individuálně řešenému. Zabýváme-li se však zkoumáním literatury v širším významu, veřejně, či dokonce profesně, pak je nutné mít pro takové počínání důvod a spatřovat za výsledkem takové činnosti smysl. Určitý "zákon", čili definici formulovat, stanovit hranici vymezující naši činnost. Např. stačí, budeme-li se domnívat, že zkoumání samo o sobě pouze jako vyšší forma "čtení" má za výsledek kvalitativně vyšší formu interpretace. Interpretace "literárních světů" je...
|
|
|
Poetry of the Japanese Medieval Zen Monks
Ulman, Vít ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (referee) ; Andrš, Dušan (referee)
in English The main topic of this thesis is the co-called Five Mountains literature (Gozan bungaku), a collection of literary works by Japanese medieval Zen monks written in literary Chinese. This dissertation thesis focuses predominantly on the development of themes and stylistic characteristics of poetry by Gido Shushin and Zekkai Chushin. The focus lays on the stylistic and thematic differences between the works of the aforementioned poets, on the ongoing secularization of the poetic production of the Zen monks and on the influence they exerted over the later generations. Their literary contacts with the poets writing in Japanese will also be discussed.
|
|
|
Expressions of the traditional World-view of Mongolians, as reflected in the Spoken Language (with an Emphasis on Crisis-situation Topics)
Obrátilová, Eva ; Oberfalzerová, Alena (advisor) ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (referee) ; Vrhel, František (referee)
Dissertation thesis Eva Obrátilová Expressions of the traditional world-view of Mongolians, as reflected in the spoken language (with an emphasis on crisis-situation Topics) Abstract The aim of this work is to describe some of the traditional world-view of the speakers of Mongolian. Based on my research, I have placed research emphasis on the connection between culturally specific phenomena and language, the influence between the world-view and linguistic expressions connected with the nomadic way of life of the Mongolians. The material is classified and explicated from an ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic point of view, with a strong emphasis on the ethnography of communication and intercultural communication. Based on the analysis of communication situations, this dissertation describes some of the manifestations of world-view, taboo, values as well as the traditional world-view of the Mongolian speakers. Keywords: ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication, intercultural communication, Mongolian studies
|
|
|
Characteristics of Ibuse Masuji's literary work "Honjitsu Kyúshin". Cohesion masterpiece
Šimůnek, Petr ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee) ; Barešová, Ivona (referee)
The detailed analysis of the novella "Honjitsu Kyúshin" ("No Consultations Today") showed some of the significant aspects of cohesion in composition techniques used by the author Ibuse Masuji. The novella as a whole as well as its parts (stories) can be classified as perfectly coherent with a clear depiction of the characters and story lines. This cohesion masterpiece includes the following types of cohesion. Firstly, grammatical cohesion - the most important is the pronominal reference. This kind of reference uses pronouns and pronominal expressions to organize the inter-sentential relations and participates in the co-refferential chains, usually in the shorter ones. The cohesive conjunction plays less important role in the intra-sentential structure of some parts of the novella. The morphological contiguity is used sometimes to serve the purpose of compactness of specific texts. Secondly, lexical cohesion - this kind of cohesion is very important and its analysis gives us deeper insight into author's composition techniques. The most frequent type in this novella is the cohesive substitution with incredible variety of expressions used to retain the identity of certain character or entity in the story. By means of continual substitutions the author can form co-refferential chains that easily go through each...
|
|
|
Search for the Hero - The Izanagi Myth Theme as a Key to the Interpretation of Protagonists in Haruki Murakami's Novels
Jurkovič, Tomáš ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee) ; Rumánek, Ivan (referee)
This thesis deals with a motive, very frequent in the novels of Haruki Murakami: a male protagonist trying to save his spouse, who has disappeared in a "different world". This can be of course interpreted as an orphic myth variation. However, the version used by Murakami resembles the story of Izanagi and Izanami deities in the Kojiki, ancient Japanese chronicle, more than the Greek orphic myth. Therefore, the motive is treated like a specific "Izanagi myth" variation here in the thesis, and the examination of its function is focused on the novels, the most important segment of Murakami's work. Murakami intentionally uses a very complicated form of narration in the novels. Therefore, to examine the exact function of Izanagi myth motive in the novel stories, a method of abstraction of these stories from their narrative discourses is used, based on the theories of Seymour Chatman. According to these theories, stories are strictly chronological sequences of events, while narrative discourses are more specific forms of these sequences, processed by the narrators. To abstract "exact" stories from Murakami's novels' specific discourses, we concentrate on all time-related data in their texts and use them to reconstruct the minute chronological orders of events - the stories of the novels. After that, we...
|
|
|
The drama "Yoshitsune and the thousand cherry trees." Minamoto No Yoshitsune as a martial strategist, courtier and literary myth.
Ryndová, Jana ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Rumánek, Ivan (referee) ; Hýbl, Ondřej (referee)
In her doctoral thesis the author would like to present the play Yoshitsune and the Thousand Cherry trees (Yoshitsune senbonzakura) as a unique piece of Japanese drama which has a great complexity and an outstanding place within the corpus of Japanese literature. Even if the play can be compared to Chushingura mono in its importance, Yoshitsune senbonzakura has not been widely translated to western languages. There are two exceptions, however: the English translation (Jones, Jr. 1993) and the German translation (Klopfenstein 1982). While comparing the two translations and using the most full original texts available (as preserved in Takeda Izumo and Namiki Sosuke Joruri Collection and Yuda Yoshio's Bunraku Joruri Collection), the author's goal is to present the play to Czech readers and its interpretation to Czech scholars. As for the flow and structure of the interpretation of Yoshitsune senbonzakura the author begins with an analysis of the historical background of the legend of Minamoto Yoshitsune, capturing the life of Yoshitsune from the time of Heiji rebellion (1159) when he was born to his death in 1189. Next the author concentrates on the legend itself as it evolved within the course of Japanese literature. With a shift from the court literature of Heian period towards the battlefield...
|
|
|
Forms of Expressing Dativ in Czech and Japanese
Jandejsková, Viola ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis disserts on problem of translation of dative relations in Karel Čapek's "Tales from two pockets" into Japanese. Goal of the thesis is to identify and describe means of expression of dative in Japanese translation and figure out if there are any differences in interpretaion and expressing dative in Czech and Japanese and what they are. Using method of excerption of example sentences and comparation of original with translated version, I organised the example sentences into six categories according to linguistic means of expressing equivalent of Czech dative used in Japanese translation. In these six categories, there are included both grammatical and semanthic expressions and idioms and phrases. The result is the detection of the main difference in degree of necessity to express a dative subject explicitly. There is a strong tendency of Japanese to implicit expression of dativ subject by means of special expressions of personal orientation, semanthics of predicate or context.
|
|
|
Postwar Japanese literature and historical transition durin the years 1945 - 1960
Weber, Michael ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The thesis presents an assumption that literature is inspired by reality (besides other factors), and that specific literary worlds may, to a certain extent, reflect the actual state of society. Historical events around the end of WWII and the consequent rapid social changes in Japan during late 1940s and 1950s had an indisputable impact on literary production at the time. The aim of this thesis is to affirm this assumption through an analysis of selected short stories and novels from the time concerned. The analysis focuses on remarks and on references about the period of time when the prose was written, and also on behavioral and attitude changes of its characters - prototypes of the Japanese society. The direct impact of historical and social transition on literary work may also be traced in the works' themes, motifs and narrative. We can thus, in many cases, follow the development of the Japanese postwar society from 1945 until the late 1950s, when the country started to prosper economically. The selection of the analysed pieces of literature includes two novels which did not only describe the time of their origination, but also had reverse effect on society. The impact hypothesis is thus confirmed and, what is more, we can see a mutual influence exercised by both, the society and art: The...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.