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Scintigraphicdetection of the parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism.
Chroustová, Daniela ; Kubinyi, Jozef (advisor) ; Adam, Zdeněk (referee) ; Vlček, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy in parathyroid glands (PG) detection by various scintigraphic methods and to propose the optimal examination procedure for successful localization of hyperfunctional PG. The patients were divided into 3 groups with individual types of hyperparathyroidism (HPT): group I. primary PHPT (253 patients), group II. normocalcemic NPHPT (75 patients) and group III. secondary SHPT (61 patients). For all the patients protocol A was performed: one day a two-phase SPECT/CT scan using 99mTc-MIBI (technetium 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) depicted simultaneously thyroid gland and PG, and another day thyroid SPECT using 99mTc-NaTcO4 (pertechnetate) for 3D subtraction analysis. In case of 44 patients from group I with negative or unclear results of the protocol A also protocol B was performed: PET/CT using 18F-FCH (fluorocholine). The results of surgery and histology served as a "gold standard" for the assessment of the accuracy of scintigraphic findings. In group I. 209/253 patients had a positive finding on scintigraphy using protocol A and 44 patients with an unclear or negative finding of protocol A underwent protocol B examination. In total, 253 patients were operated. The results of the diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity, specificity, positive...
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Ventilation of the aquapark
Slabá, Jana ; Vlček, Petr (referee) ; Blasinski, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor thesis describes the design of air conditioning for aquapark. The part of the object is divided into three parts: relaxing pool, small pool (children pool) and technical facilities. The main task is to ensure the required exchange of fresh air and exhaust moisture loads from the interior. The swimming pool was further ensure coverage of heat loss in winter and heat gain in the summer. The device is designed to meet all hygienical, operational and functional requirements according to applicable legislation. In the theoretical part, the issues of water evaporation from the water surface. Calculation and design of the proposal addresses the specific design of airconditioning for equipment to operate the pools and technical facilities. Result of this work is the design documentation for these aircondition equipment.
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Novel avenues for the preparation of antifouling scaffolds for tissue engineering
Kostina, Nina ; Michálek, Jiří (advisor) ; Smetana, Karel (referee) ; Vlček, Petr (referee)
Non-specific protein adsorption -protein fouling- is an adverse effect occurring at the surface of most artificial materials which come into contact with biological fluids, affecting various biomedical devices and tissue engineering scaffolds. In order to address this ubiquitous problem the preparation of scaffolds resistant to protein fouling (antifouling) was proposed. The main goal of this Thesis was the development of strategies for the preparation of antifouling scaffolds for tissue engineering. The work consisted of three steps: (i) the selection of monomers leading to antifouling properties by utilizing model system based on polymer brushes; (ii) preparation of antifouling hydrogels of different properties and architecture by copolymerization with zwitterionic carboxybetaine monomers, selected from model experiment; and (iii) modification of the surface of poly( -caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers by growing four types of polymer brushes resistant to protein fouling. The scaffolds presented in this work showed variety of unique properties, such as hydration (up to 30000%), elongation (up to 1800%), self-healing, biodegradation, availability of functional groups and complex pore structure. Importantly, all scaffolds showed significant reduction of protein fouling and non-specific cell adhesion and can be...
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The role of radiological assistant during the examination of thyroid gland by methods of nuclear medicine
Ujhelyiová, Alena ; Vlček, Petr (advisor) ; Táborská, Kateřina (referee)
The topic of this paper is the examination of the thyroid gland by utilizing the methods of nuclear medicine. Its primary focus is on activities of the radiologist assistant in the course of such examination. In the introductory chapter, the paper explains the scope of nuclear medicine. The second chapter addresses the fundamental anatomy of the thyroid gland. Specifically, it describes the common form, placement, size and mass of the thyroid gland, its elemental parts, structure, function and basic physiological processes. The chapter on clinical picture describes the most common diseases linked to the thyroid gland. The frequency, incidence and causes of such diseases are addressed. The fourth chapter addresses the application of nuclear medicine methods in thyroidology. It describes how the application of nuclear medicine has evolved in time and how nuclear medicine and its methods are applied at present. The opening section of the fifth chapter describes the requirements of the basic legislative document governing peaceful applications of the nuclear energy, the socalled Atomic Law. Further, scintillation camera and its parts are described in this chapter as the most common visualization apparatus. The chapter on examination addresses the basic classification of examination procedures. The thyroid gland...
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The role of radiology assistant during skeletal scintigraphy
Tejnorová, Kristýna ; Táborská, Kateřina (advisor) ; Vlček, Petr (referee)
Bone scintigraphy is an easy noninvasive method. The major function is to image changes of bone metabolism due to the uptake of radiopharmaceutical. Technetium -99m (99mTc) -labeled diphosphonates are the most widely used radiofarmaceuticals. The distribution of these tracers reflects blood flow and bone formation. Tracer that does not localize to bone is cleared by the kidney. Primary and secondary bone tumors, osteomyelitis and fractures are the most common indications for bone scintigraphy. Contraindication is pregnancy. Disadvantage of the bone scintigraphy is a low specificity of examination. The work explaines a working content of a technologist at the department of the nuclear medicine. Patient preparation and techniques are described. Skeletal scintigraphy may include radionuclide angiography and tissue phase at early phase, which is followed by skeletal phase imaging at late phase. This technique is called three phases scintigraphy. Standard bone scan is obtained 2-5 hours later after intravenous injection of radiotracer. A nuclear medicine specialist can decide after inspection the whole- body (WB) examination about addition single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or even SPECT/CT at newer scanners. These techniques provide a better anatomic localisation and may improve sensitivity and...
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The role of radiology assistant during the examination of kidneys by methods of nuclear medicine
Urbánková, Petra ; Špalková, Ingrid (advisor) ; Vlček, Petr (referee)
This semestral work deals with the Nuclear Medicine Methods used in Neufrourology. Methods of Nuclear Neufrourology unable to get kidney and urinary tact function information and therefore they are very often used in disease diagnosis of listed organs for both adults and children. Singular methods are complementary to Morphology Monitor Methods. Each of them has its specific asset in particular diagnosis area and that's why it is very important to judge the results of these methods always in the complex overview. The most frequently used methods at Nuclear Medicine departments are Dynamic and Static Scintigraphical Kidney and urinary tract Examination. Dynamic Scintigraphy gives information about function and drain parameter of the kidney. It is possible to judge shape, size and position of the kidney. Sometimes the method includes the Furosemid Test, Renovascular Hyperthensis Diagnosis and examination of transplanted kidney. The responsibility of radiologic attendant during the execution of these diagnostic methods consists in right, accurate and understandable instructing the person under examination, imposition of the person, setting the detector and the execution of the study right after the RF application, which is executed by a pediatrist (for children under 3 years of age) or a nurse. The radiologic...
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The role of radiologist assistant in radioiodine diagnostics and treatment of thyroid cancer
Hrbek, Jaroslav ; Táborská, Kateřina (referee) ; Vlček, Petr (advisor)
The bachelors thesis on the task of a radiological assistant during radioiodine diagnostics and treatment of thyroid gland carcinomas deals with the issue of thyroid gland carcinomas in the Czech Republic. It contains a brief overview of the types of carcinomas that affect the thyroid gland, their classification, diagnostics and therapy, concentrating on utilisation of modern examination methods and therapeutic practices, including among others application of radioiodine. The thesis also contains cases of four patients with similar diagnoses, the comparison of the development of whose respective illnesses I found interesting. Last but not least, the thesis includes a number of annexes comprising among others tables with important instructions for patients before and after application of radioiodine, and photographs from the site where the radioiodine application takes place Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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