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The narrative poetics of the novel La nieve del almirante by Álvaro Mutis
Pichrtová, Šárka ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
Hlavním předmětem rozboru v této práci je román Admirálův sníh kolumbijského spisovatele Álvara Mutise. Přestože je dnes Álvaro Mutis zařazován mezi nejvýznamnější postavy současné hispanoamerické literatury (od roku 2001 je držitelem prestižní španělské Cervantesovy ceny), v českém prostředí jeho tvorba zatím není rozšířena, žádné z jeho děl doposud nebylo přeloženo. První kapitolu proto věnuji základním informaCÍm o životě a díle autora v kontextu kolumbijského literárního dění poloviny 20. století. Literární tvorba Álvara Mutise mne zaujala svou ambivalentní povahou v oblasti žánru, především pak přirozeností, s jakou propojuje svět poezie a výpravné tvorby, užívá prvků lyrických i epických a zachovává zároveň tematickou jednotu. Tento osobitý rys je i významnou součástí poetiky románu Admirálův sníh, považuji proto za vhodné v rámci této práce poukázat i na některé důležité aspekty autorovy poezie, která až do roku 1986 tvoří převážnou část autorovy literární tvorby. Ve druhé kapitole se proto zaměřuji na některé rysy spisovatelovy básnické činnosti, která zásadním způsobem ovlivňuje i jeho pozdější tvorbu románovou a je nezbytnou složkou pro její porozumnění. Třetí kapitola je rozborem poetiky románu Admirálův sníh, se zaměřením na postavu Námořníka Maqrolla, koncept času a prostor příběhu, a pokusem o...
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Reflection of the motif of homosexuality in Cuban exile literature
Škodová, Denisa ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
This essay deals wi th the reflection of the motif of homosexuality in Cuban exile literature, with special focus on the work by the authors of the so called "Mariel generation~. The beginning of the essay explains the perception of the motif of homosexuality in literary and historical context. The most relevant conclusion of this part is the fact that despite the existence of this topic for centuries, it colud be finally freely depicted in the 1950s in the 20th cen tury . Thus, i t does not mean any "new" li terature, but a theme which is reflected in new conditions. Stili, towards the end of the 20th cen tury , after AIDS is disovered, the theme has to face again some signs of social refusal. The key sources in this part have been the works by Gregory Woods and Václav Jamek. The essay then analyzes the motif of homosexuality in Cuban li terature, focusing on authors who wrote about homosexuali ty and thus influenced the authors of the Mariel generation i.e. José Lezama Lima, Virgilio Pifiera or Guillermo Cabrera Infante. It also explains the opressive attitude of the Cuban regime towards homosexual individuals. To understand the work of the Mariel generation, the essay presents in more details the problems wi th i ts denomination and criteria to belong to this group. The figures of literary criticism do...
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Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca: travel and change (Naufragios)
Marešová, Jaroslava ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
The book known nowadays as Naufragios by Álvar Núez Cabeza de Vaca is one of the most important testimonies about the discovery and conquest of the New World. The first half of the 16th century saw many exploration and conquest travels in which thousands of sailors, explorers, conquerors and soldiers had to face the reality of the just discovered continent. It is really interesting to see how those who wrote about this event experienced it. Naufragios has always been read as a source of historical and anthropological information, but it has been also studied for the literature elements which we can find in it. In my thesis, I tried to look at the work in its complexity: see the literature influences in it and find those elements that we could call literature elements, but also I wanted to focus on the unusual experience of the author and look into the testimony of his experience with the American reality and see how this experience changed him. My thesis begins with a historical introduction which I consider very important to situate the work in its context. I tried to explain the events which led to the discovery of the New World and also the reaction of the Old World to the discovered one. After this general introduction my work continues with analysis of the first literature that treated the reality of...
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Lima's imagery in the novel The time of the hero of Mario Vargas Llosa
Tomášková, Anna ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Charvátová, Anežka (referee)
(in English): The objective of this diploma thesis is to show the way of Mario Vargas Llosa's literary vision and his interpretation of Lima in the novel The Time of the Hero. My aim is also to express the particularity and distinctiveness of the imagery of Lima in the novel. In the beginning, I mention the most important facts of history of the city, specifically the 50's and the 60's of the 20th century, which are the decades of the novel's formation and publication. This part is based on the book of essays Lima la horrible of Sebastián Salazar Bondy in which the author describes the world of the Lima's population in this period. I also introduce briefly evolution of the image of the city in the Peruvian literature. This part is based, besides others, on the essay "Lima, ciudad sin novella" of Julio Ramón Ribeyro. In the main part of my thesis I mention the storyline of the novel. After that, I focus my attention on the structure of the novel The Time of the Hero, which is characterized by alternation of narrative spaces and tenses. This aspect helps to make the story uncertain. I also describe the formal side of the novel, primarily the arrangement of the main chapters and their smaller parts which are symmetricaly ordered according to the concerned topic, place or time. I present the main two...
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Two encounters of the New world: Christobal Columbus and Bartolomé de Las Casas
Legátová, Iveta ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (referee)
TWO ENCOUNTERS OF THE NEW WORLD: CHRISTOBAL COLUMBUS AND BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS At first, this work introduces us to the history of Europe in the 15th century. Historical cinrcumstances are very important to understand the situation regarding the birth of sea-voyages. In the second part Christobal Columbus is presented: his biography, character and the discovery of the New World. The most important part of this work is anal ysing the Diary of first journey when we meet the way of writing and his st yle of expression. We can observe now Christobal Columbus as an autor writing in spanish, his first testimony about the New World. In the following century, 16th, we learn more of the situation in the New World thanks to the spanish Catholic priest Bartolomé de Las Casas. We look at this man throught the eyes of his faith, convictions and from his writing. We confront Columbus's mere vision with Las Casas's hard realit y caused b y explotation of the New World. One of the main subjects of Las Casas's literature is the defence of the rights of Indians. This new theme is anal yzed philosophicall y, morall y and theologicall y. Facts are based on primary literature and testimonies. Of course, we work with the knowledge of so- called Black legend and accompanying New laws. The conclusion of this work...
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The poetics of Álvaro Mutis (Resena de los Hospitales de Ultramar)
Moučková, Lucie ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
In this theses, La poética de Álvaro Mutis (Resena de los Hospitales de Ultramar), we're trying to show the exuberant poetry of the Colombian writer Alvaro Mutis, basically composed by the contrast of refined language and images representing people and nature in decadent status. The first chapter is more theoretical and we dedicate it to decisive events in Mutis's life, in order to give a complete view of his literary production. We continue by mentioning some, mostly European authors, works and literary and philosophical streams, which had significant influence on Mutis's writting and his perception of the world. We also comment the instrument used by the poet to formulate his fears and worries, his lyrical voice: the adventurer Maqroll el Gaviero. The second chapter is dedicated to the Mutis' poetic work. We have divided it into two main streams that differ in motives and lyrical voices. The first group presents Maqroll's figure, consisting of mess, hopelessness and decadence and we can find this orientation in poem books such as Los elementos de desastre, La Resena de los Hospitales de Ultramar, Caravansary and some poems from Los emisarios. In the second group of books, the lyrical subject is identified with traditional, theocratic and monarchist view of the universe. There is mystical and musical...
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The ireality in the short prose by José Donoso: Tres novelitas burguesas
Pěstová, Helena ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
Donoso je autor, který čtenáře nejprve poněkud zaskočí příběhy lidí, kteří jsou v zajetí různých obsesí a traumat, posléze si však k němu vnímavý čtenář nalezne cestu, protože pochopí jeho úmysly a jeho způsob psaní mu začne pronikat "pod kůži". Téma ireality se objevuje ve více Donosových dílech. S jejími prvky se můžeme setkat i v některých jeho povídkách, jako například v Puerta cerrada (Zavřené dveře), Santélices, Ana María, CharZestón nebo Paseo (Procházka). Jeho román EZ Obsceno pájaro de Za noche (Obscénní pták noci) je plný neobvyklých situací, které jsou výplodem bludu protagonisty příběhu Mudita. Obscénní pták noci je nesporně velmi zajímavým románem, pokud jde o hojně se vyskytující prvky ireality v díle. Mě však z tohoto hlediska nejvíce zaujaly Tres novelitas burguesas (Tři měšťácké románkyl), tři krátké prózy autora, které svým pojetím mají možná blíže k povídkovému žánru než k románu nebo k novele. Své tvrzení se budu snažit dokázat v následující kapitole o krátkých výpravných prózách. Tyto prózy mě zaujaly i proto, že se v nich objevují všechna hlavní Donosova obsedantní témata, a zároveň je jim vlastní jistá dávka ironie, což ukazuje na určitý autorův odstup. Už se zde nejedná o blouznivé stavy potřeštěné mysli Mudita. Už zde nejde jenom o příval slova myšlenek psychicky nemocného jedince....
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Two novels of Rosario Castellanos: Balún-Canán and Oficio de tinieblas
Krejníková, Natálie ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
Rosario CasteUanos (1925-1974) was a significant Mexican writer. She engaged in aU the literary genres: lyrical poetry, narrative prose, essays and drama. The main themes of her work were outcast groups in the Mexican society (a woman, an Indian) and also death as a part of life. The first novel Balún-Canán (1957) contains certain autobiographical features froll the writer's childhood. It is set in Chiapas during the government of Lázaro Cárdenas (1934- 1940). It is divided into three parts. The first and the third part are narrated in the first person from a seven-year-old child's point of view. These two parts are rather poetic since such an immature girl cannot describe aU that is happening around her. The biggest part of the plot takes place in the second section of the book, which is written in the third person from the point of view of an independent adult narrator. The topic of this novel is the decline of the structure of the colonial society which was the result of Cárdenas' agricultural reformo The novel deals also with the process of discovering one' s self-consciousness. Inspired by the events which occurred in Chiapas in 1867-1870, she wrote the second novel The Book of Lamentations. She shifted these event s to the era of the government of Lázaro Cárdenas. The main topic is an uprising of the...
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