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Nutritional profile in patients with bariatric metabolic surgery
Fišerová, Veronika ; Karbanová, Martina (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Introduction: Obesity is a major health problem that affects an individual's overall health. Bariatric metabolic surgery is most important and has permanent impact on weight loss in comparison with conservative therapy. The downside is that it often leads to a row nutritional deficiencies requiring long-term supplementation. Object: The aim of the thesis is to map the intake of nutrients in the diet of bariatric patients six months and one year after the procedure. The research is primarily focused on the intake of vitamin D and calcium in diet, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and calcium levels are also evaluated. Marginally, laboratory values are assessed prior to surgery as deficiencies are known to occur before surgery. Methodology: The research sample consists of 30 respondents who are six months (M6) and one year (Y1) from the procedure. Micronutrients are evaluated from three-day dining records recorded by respondents for at least one week. The research laboratory data was used from the medical information system of the hospital information system. The evaluation parameters for vitamin D-25 (OH)D (limit level was established to > 30 ng/ml). To assess the parathyroid hormone concentration, a minimum limit is set to 1.58 pmol/l, calcium 2.00-2.75 (mmol/l). We were wondering if the profile of...
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Low-carbohydrate diet in prevention and treatment of chronic diseases
Šebestová, Michaela ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
A low-carbohydrate diet, which is characterised by carbohydrate intake reduction below usually recommended level, has recently been gaining in popularity, as it has also been a topic of a number of scientific studies. In the theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis there are some of its types introduced and possible benefits and risks are summed up. Consequently, its correlation with selected chronical diseases is discussed - starting with the use of low-carbohydrate diet as a part of treatment of intractable epilepsy. The next topic is low-carbohydrate diet related to diabetes mellitus, which could potentially be used to treat and also prevent chronic complications of this disease. Low-carbohydrate diet connected to weight loss, which could serve as a preventive measure, is also described. At the end of the theoretical part some of the other diseases, for which the effect of low-carbohydrate diet has already been researched too, are presented. The practical part of this bachelor's thesis focuses on the experience of people who are/were on this diet. The aim of this part is to chart circumstances of the diet initiation, its course and a plan of dealing with it in the future. Besides this it also concentrates on the way of conception of the diet and on the changes experienced in relation to it. A...
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Eating Patterns in Patients with Bariatric Metabolic Surgery
Hanušková, Daniela ; Daňková, Martina (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Introduction: Bariatric metabolic surgery is recognized as a very effective treatment for obesity, performed when the preceding conventional treatment failed or when significant obesity-related complications occured. Diploma thesis is focused on a current practice of dietitians providing nutritional care in weight-loss surgery (WLS), as they play an important role in a multidisciplinary medical team by performing a clinical nutritional evaluation, education and long-term nutritional follow-up. Objective: The aim of the thesis is to present eating habits in patients of the 3rd Medical Department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, in 6 and 12 months after the surgery and to evaluate its accordance to existing nutritional strategies and evidence-base guidelines. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study is focused on nutritional assessment and therapy in management of obesity in 13 patients 6 months post-WLS (M6: 31 % female, 69 % male; mean age 49 ± 8,56 years; mean body weight 119,3 ± 16,64 kg; mean BMI 39,7 ± 6,05 kg/m2 ) and in 17 patients 12 months post-WLS (Y1: 71 % female, 29 % male; age 53 ± 8,01 years; body weight 114,9 ± 31,72 kg; BMI 39,3 ± 6,75 kg/m2 ) together with a control group without surgery (age 47 ± 15 years; body weigh...
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Assessment of the Resting Energy Expenditure in Obese Individuals
Sadílková, Aneta ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Introduction: Weight loss programs are based on inducing a negative energy balance by decreasing energy intake while increasing energy expenditure. Energy needs of obese patients are difficult to determine. The value of resting energy expenditure, as the largest component of the energy needs, is usually calculated to asses an adequate energy intake for obese patient. In clinical practice, predictive equations are most commonly used for this purpose, because of their simplicity, although many clinical studies have shown that in obese individuals they may generate errors large enough to impact the outcome of treatment. It leads to the prescription of an inadequate diet that does not meet the criterion of long-term sustainability. Objective: The aim of the thesis is to compare the values of resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry with values calculated with Harris-Benedict predictive equation in a selected group of obese individuals. Methods: The sample includes 38 subjects, 28 women and 10 men, patients of the General University Hospital in Prague. The average age is 48 ± 11,71 years, the mean BMI is 42,88 ± 9,09 kg/m2 . For each subject, resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry and calculated by the Harris-Benedict predictive equation. Indirect...
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The predictor of the weight
Sadílková, Aneta ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Introduction: Conservative reduction mode still represents an essential element in treatment of obesity. It is based on inducing a negative energy balance by reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure. Objective: Create a test database using collected data and implement a Weight Predictor web application that predicts real body weight loss for people intending to lose weight. Methods: The sample included 45 subjects, 31 female and 14 male, visiting the obesity clinic of Third Department of Internal Medicine of the General University Hospital. Using the prospective method, we have collected data documenting the development of weight loss in these subjects in the first month of reduction. Changes in weight and changes in waist and hip circumference were recorded in direct connection with the real energy intake and expenditure. The collected data was analyzed in terms of its completeness and validity in order to select a suitable sample for testing the Weight Predictor application. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed in order to evaluate the overall success of weight loss in the subjects. Results: The overall success rate of the reduction mode was assessed as 67%. This means that 30 patients out of 45 were able to lose weight at least in the first month of the program. In...
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