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Impact of regulation of gambling on criminality in Jablonec nad Nisou between 2014-2016
Veselý, Vladislav ; Kalíšková, Klára (advisor) ; Dušek, Libor (referee)
In January 2015, a zero gambling tolerance came into force in Jablonec nad Nisou, which prohibited casinos and playrooms. It is generally assumed that gambling increases criminality, but the effect in the Czech Republic has not been quantified yet. Based on the regression analysis of monthly data from 2013-2016 this work examines the hypothesis of the existence of a negative relationship between gambling regulation and crime by using the difference in differences method. The town of Semily was used as a control group. This hypothesis is confirmed based on the used model - the regulation of gambling in Jablonec nad Nisou is associated with the average monthly decrease of the total crime rate by 0.3622 crimes per 1000 inhabitants (16% decrease) and the average monthly decrease of the property crime rate by 0,3871 crimes per 1000 inhabitants (30% decrease).
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HODNOTA STATICTICKÉHO ŽIVOTA NA ČESKÉM TRHU PRÁCE
Albrechtová, Aneta ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This thesis calculates the value of statistical life (VSL) in the Czech Republic based on estimation of fatal risk computed across occupation within industries. Using the regression analysis, I estimate the impact of the fatal risk on wage. From this I calculate the VSL using the hedonic wage model. I use randomized wage data sample with 150 000 observations from the year 2013 combined with injury data from the years 2013-2015. Based on this data I estimated the VSL to be in a range between 6 965 277CZK (260 092EURO) and 37 355 674CZK (1. 394mil.EURO) based on statistically significant estimates of fatal risk. Furthermore, I estimate my model of fatal risk calculated across industries to compare the impact of the level of risk in the computation. This regression indicates that estimates based on risk in industries are overestimated. My results show that the method of risk computation is a key factor affecting the VSL.
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Islam in the North Caucasus: History and Contemporary Trends on example of Kabardino-Balkaria and Dagestan
Hladík, Jan ; Janeček, Petr (advisor) ; Dušek, Libor (referee)
Islam in the North Caucasus: History and Contemporary Trends on example of Kabardino- Balkaria and Dagestan The following thesis focuses on selected key aspects of Islam in the North Caucasus, with emphasis on two North Caucasus republics - Kabardino-Balkaria on the west and Dagestan on the east. The first part will follow the penetration of Islam in the North Caucasus, its role in the resistance against the Russian empire and the impact religion had on traditional Caucasian society. In the second part it will be analyzed current trends of Islam in the region, the mutual influence of religion and socio-political situation and the relation between traditional Islam and its radical forms. Work will be based on the study of relevant literature, press and fieldwork is also assumed. Key words: North Caucasus, islam, islamism, Kabardino-Balkaria Republic, Dagestan
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Three Faces of Wakhan Transformations of the traditional way of life of highlanders living on the territory of Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Pakistan
Dušek, Libor ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Kokaisl, Petr (referee) ; Hejzlarová, Tereza (referee)
This doctoral thesis introduces the Wakhi ethno-linguistic group living in the region of the Pamiri-Hindu Kush mountain knot on territories of Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Pakistan. As a result of the strategic economic and political rivalry and conflict between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for supremacy in Central Asia during the 19th century (the so- called Great Game), part of the so far homogeneous ethnic group was forced to leave their native Wakhan Corridor in the late 19th century. The Wakhi people then found themselves on the territory of future states with diametrically opposite development to their own. The goal of this work is a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the material and spiritual culture of the Wakhi ethnic group or groups living on the territories of Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Pakistan with emphasis on their current status. Very important part of my work deals with the visual context that by means of images and photographs presents significant features associated with the Wakhi everyday life. My primary aim is to uncover the material and spiritual phenomena that are closely related to everyday life, historical and political contexts, socio-economic situation, Shia Ismaili, religion and affiliated features which the members of Wakhi ethno-linguistic...
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Subculture of the Adrspach Sandstone-Climbers
Bergmanová, Šárka ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
This bachelor work is about subculture of "sandstone climbers" in Adršpach area and it is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical one. Theoretical part explains key words such as culture, subculture, sandstone climbers, climbing, rock climbing and etc. There is described geographical context of natural heritage in Adršpach and its certain climbing rules in this area. Sandstone climbers are defined as a specific subculture thanks to their approach to life, lifestyle and the way of thinking, which are very tightly connected to this location of sandstone towers and pillars. Because of the typical and traditional way of climbing on the soft and fragile sandstone, you can find specific kind of people - climbers as well. Practical part shows the historical/anthropological analysis of the sandstone climbers subculture in Adršpach, which comes from the ethnographical research realized through participant observation and poly structured interviews with selected sandstone climbers and non climbers from this area. This subculture is described through the historical process since the beginning of the climbing in this area till present and there is defined its previous and certain essence with importance on identity, life's philosophy and social practice its members. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Constitutional definition of the mechanisms of control of territorial self-governing units
Dušek, Libor ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Suchánek, Radovan (referee)
The aim is to answer the question of whether effective control mechanisms exist in the Czech Republic which would guarantee the fulfilment of legal regulations by municipalities and regional authorities dealing with public property. It is also my aim to explore whether such control mechanisms result from the constitutionally guaranteed rights to local government and, if they do, to what extent they may be incorporated in the Czech legislation. My diploma thesis is based on specific case studies, the case law of general courts and the current jurisprudence of the Czech Constitutional Court. After the description of the current state of affairs in the Czech Republic, I further focus on the definition of the control mechanisms of local governments in Czechoslovakia between the two world wars (1918 - 1938) and partly also during the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This diversion leading to this era has been selected to reflect the efforts to resume the local government traditions in the context of the renewal of the local government scheme in the Czech Republic after 1989. It is proven towards the end of the historical survey that unlike today, there were effective control mechanisms available before World War II, with several alternatives. The thesis also compares the legal regulations beyond the control...
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Corporate Taxation, Tax Evasion, and Tax Design
Madzharova, Boryana ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Steiner, Viktor (referee) ; Egger, Peter (referee)
In a letter to Jean-Baptiste Leroy in 1789, Benjamin Franklin observed that "...in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes!" Individuals and businesses, however, certainly employ skilful ways to evade taxes until they are caught, if they ever are. Inevitably, the evolution of taxation systems and their accompanying legal frameworks result in adjustments to evasion/avoidance patterns and mechanisms, which are of interest to economists, social psychologists, and public administrations alike. The objective of this thesis is to study the effects of the widespread shift towards indirect taxation in the European Union (EU) on firms' tax compliance behaviour. This shift is generally characterised by rising consumption taxes, in particular the value-added tax (VAT) and falling corporate tax rates (CIT). While the policy of radical lowering of the corporate tax burden will likely lead to more honest profit disclosure, my research suggests that firms' evasion practices can migrate to other tax bases, such as social security, where plentiful savings from evasion schemes can be realised. When payroll taxes are significantly above the CIT rates, incentives emerge for companies to under-report wages, since under-stating labour costs is cheaper than paying full contributions. Chapter...
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Essays on Electoral Fraud
Vorobyev, Dmitry ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Alvarez, Michael (referee) ; Ledyard, John (referee)
Participation in Fraudulent Elections Elections are fundamental to democracy. Over the last decades researchers have extensively studied various aspects of an electoral game, including behavior of voters and candidates, impact of different voting rules on outcomes and efficiency, etc. Though approaches to analyzing elections are incredibly diverse, almost all of them share one common feature: it is assumed that elections are well-functioning mechanisms for converting public preferences into social choice, and that the outcomes of elections are fully determined by votes casted for the candidates. However, in reality fraud has become an integral part of electoral competition in both established democracies and less-than-democratic regimes, despite tremendous efforts exerted by international organization to ensure transparency in elections. In recent years both economists and political scientists have started paying closer attention to elections that lack integrity, but there are still plenty of open questions on all sides of the electoral game in a fraudulent context. In my dissertation I study various aspects of electoral fraud, both theoretically and empirically. In the first chapter I explore how electoral fraud affects voters' participation decisions. For this purpose I analyze a costly voting model of...
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