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Transdermal in vitro permeation of cyclosporine IV.
Krejčová, Hana ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Rigorosal Thesis 2006, Hana Krejčová Abstract The theoretical section gives a brief overview of anatomy, physiology and function of the skin, transdermal formulations and options for increasing transdermal absorption of drugs. The main part of the chapter is focused on cyclosporine includes updated information published on knowledge of the human immune system, and immunosuppressants. Experimental work presents the results of in vitro permeation experiments on pig skin. Donor and acceptor phase was in most experiments consisting propylene glycol and Tris-buffer pH 7.1 at a 1:1 ratio. Only a few experiments have been used as the donor phase of 10% dispersion of CyA in isopropylmyristate. Permeant determination was performed by HPLC with UV detection at 220nm. As a donor samples were used in the supersaturated system without CyA Enhancer, then a 5% addition of DMI or arlasolve, pyrrolidone or transcutol, or 1% transkarbam 12. All enhancers in the used concentrations icreased a depot formation in the skin, transkarbam 12 in the lowest concentration. For transdermal in vitro permeation experiments CyA appears to be administered in more lipophilic donor phase. The ideal length of the permeation experiments, it appears time 15 hours.
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Calorimetric evaluation of compatibility between the components of the mixtures for tableting
Kopecká, Milada ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Kopecká Milada - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with the compatibility of a medical substance with 15 additives using the DSC method. Theoretical part of the work describes thermoanalytical methods, methods of thermal analysis, calorimetric methods and differential scanning calorimetry. Besides the work deals with the crystalline structure of solid compounds. The aim of experimental part of the work was the calorimetric evaluation of the medical substance itself, all additives and mixtures of medical substance with additives. The compatibility was measured by means of DSC 200 PC Netzsch. The result of the work was to prove the compatibility of the medical substance with lactose, Kopovidone, Povidone 25, silica, mannitol, Emcompress, magnesium stearate, and calcium stearate. Incompatibility was found out between the medical substance and glycerol behenate.
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Deformation index for tablets of microcrystalline cellulose
Myslivečková, Jana ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Myslivečková Jana - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with deformation index of tablets of microcrystalline cellulose. Theoretical part describes the theory of tablet formation by means of the record force - displacement. It also characterizes microcrystalline celluloses. The aim of the work was to find out the influence of a filler on the parameter E2 of the compression process and on the parameter DE of the destruction process. Further to asses the influence of the relation between parameters DE, D and E2,DE and effect of the filler type on new parameter DI. Six various fillers were tested. Ceolus KG 802 Avicel PH 102, Avicel PH 200, Pearlitol 100 SD, Tablettose 70, and Emcompress. The results show that polymeric microcrystalline celluloses accumulate less energy at compression than crystalline compounds. However, they have higher value of D. Microcrystalline celluloses have the highest values of the parameter DI. A semilogarithmic dependence was found between the parameters D and DE.
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Influence of compressing speed and time of constant load on the energy balance of tablets
Císařová, Daniela ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Císařová Dana - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with the influence of the compression rate and time of constant load on energy balance of tablets. Theoretical part characterizes microcrystalline celluloses, describes theory of tableting and theory of the force - displacement record. The aim of the work was to find out the influence cycle rate on the force Fmax , influence of the cycle rate and dwell time on parameters of energy balance, influence of the cycle rate on mechanical resistance of tablets. The determination was carried out with tablets of microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH 200 using T1 - FRO 50 device. It follows from the results that the higher the cycles rate the higher values of parameters Emax and E1-3. Dwell time does not influence above-mentioned parameters. Radial strength des not change with the increase of cycle rate from 0.1 to 2 mm/s. Further increase in cycle rate brings about higher strength of tablets. Optimal cycle rate is 1 mm/s.
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Energy balance of crushing tablets
Čámský, Václav ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Čámský Václav - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with energy balance of tablet destruction. The characterization of individual groups of tablets and characterization of two fillers - lactose and microcrystalline cellulose- for direct compression is mentioned in the theoretical part. The aim of the work is to find out the influence of the type of a dry filler on the punch displacement and to describe the dependence between the parameter of the compression process E2 and parameter of the destructive process DE. The determination was carried out with the tablets of Avicel PH 102, Flowlac 100 and lactose anhydride using T1 - FRO 50 device. It follows from the results that destruction displacement of microcrystalline cellulose is substantially longer than in the case of lactoses. Microcrystalline cellulose compared to lactoses consumes significantly less amount of energy. The cycle rate 0.1 mm/s was used for measurement of mechanical resistance.
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Deformation index for tablets of lactose and mannitol
Neckářová, Kamila ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Neckářová Kamila - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with deformation index of tablets of microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol and lactose. The aim of the work was to find out the effect of filler on parameters DE and E2.The new parameter DI, deformation index, was studied as well,. It expresses the ratio between DE and E2. The measurement was carried out by means of T1 - FRO 50 device. The results show that the highest amount of energy was accumulated by mannitol, less by lactose and lowest amount by microcrystalline cellulose. The anhydride form lactose and mannitol has the parameter D lower than monohydrates. A semilogarithmic dependence was found between parameters D and DE. New parameter DI reaches highest value for microcrystalline cellulose, lower for mannitol and lowest for lactose.
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Transdermal electroporation of cyclosporine I.
Pavlík, Bohumil ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Rigorosal Thesis 2006, Bohumil Pavlík Abstract Effective topical application of cyclosporine is considered to be therapeutically important in the treatment of psoriasis, however, it is complicated by barrier properties of cornified skin layers. Potentially promising approach to solving this problem is to use electroporation. Thesis provides a basic overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of transdermal electroporation. The experiment focuses on penetration testing of cyclosporine in the two pulse protocols. The difference between the application of two or ten rectangular pulses of 10ms duration at time 0 and 6 hours, at a distance of 30 seconds and the voltage pulse 450 is reflected only in the period up to 2 hours from the start of permeation, long-term effect was demonstrated. When verifying the importance of arrangement of electrodes there was no difference between the type of needle-and needle arrangement with a flat surface electrode observed.
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Transdermal in vitro permeation of terbinafine II.
Doubravová, Hana ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Rigorosal Thesis 2006, Doubravová Hana ¨ ABSTRACT Thesis provides a detailed overview of the current perspective on the performance and state of stripping methods in the study of penetration of substances through the skin. Using the pre-certified protocol of stripping experiment were found that part of terbinafine penetrates through the epidermis to the dermis. For both single vehicle evaluated, the ispropylmyristate and isolane, this results are quantitatively comparable with those obtained for the preparation Lamisil cream. Arbitrarily chosen, the addition of 1 percent of transkarbam 12 in isopropylmyristate and/or isolane yielded in significant increase of amounts of terbinafine deposited in the dermis.
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Characterization of lactose by differential scanning calorimetry
Stoklasová, Markéta ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Stoklasová Markéna - Rigorózní práce - 2006 This work deals with the characterization of lactose by differential scanning method. Theoretical part characterizes lactose and describes the method of differential scanning calorimetry. This chapter also mentions the factors effecting DSC thermograms. The aim of the work was to carry out calorimetric evaluation of beta lactose, D lactose, and alfa lactose. The calorimetric measurements were realized by means of DSC calorimeter DSC 200 PC Netzsch. The results of the work list melting temperatures and values of Tg of lactoses studied. The results are compared with the values of lactose used as filler for tablet production.
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Safe Drug Handling In Medical Facilities.
MUSILOVÁ, Marie
Translation Czech ? English Abstract: Safe Drug Handling in Medical Facilities The issue of safety in drug handling in medical facilities creates a significant priority in maintaining and increasing the quality of care. The presented bachelor?s work deals with such problems both in theoretical and practical level. In the theoretical part it explains the methods of safe drug handling in all levels of that process, starting from the delivery of drugs from the hospital?s pharmacy, till their liquidation. In the research part it examines the knowledge level of the above problems of nurses in surgery or internal departments of a smaller, however an accredited hospital. The research has been outlined as a quantitative research through questioning ? a questionnaire. There were two objectives set up. Objective 1: To get an overall picture of the nurses? knowledge of handling, distributing and keeping drugs and Objective 2: To get an overall picture whether the nurses are acquainted with the principles of handling opiates. Both objectives have been fulfilled. Based on the objectives 8 hypotheses (H) have been set up: H 1: The nurses are acquainted with correct safeguarding of drugs ? confirmed; 96 percent of respondents master the principles of correct safeguarding of drugs. H 2: The nurses are acquainted with correct storing of drugs ? confirmed. 76 percent of them master the principles of correct storing. H 3: The nurses are acquainted with correct designation of drugs ? confirmed. 97 percent of them master the correct designation of drugs. H 4: The nurses are acquainted with the preparation of drugs ? confirmed. 88 percent of nurses master the correct preparation of drugs. H 5: The nurses are acquainted with the correct administration of drugs ? confirmed. 83 percent of nurses master the principles of correct drug administration. H 6: The nurses are acquainted with correct documentation maintenance when administrating drugs ? confirmed. 97 percent of respondents master the documentation agenda when handling drugs. H 7: The nurses are acquainted with the correct liquidation of drugs ? confirmed. 83 percent of nurses master the principles of correct liquidation of drugs. H 8: The nurses are acquainted with correct opiate handling ? confirmed. 94 percent of nurses are acquainted with the correct opiate handling. All 8 hypotheses have been confirmed. The results of the research will be granted to the Hospital in Pelhrimov, p. o., as a possible contribution to the continuous process of quality improvements. It is possible to find certain sections in the detailed text and the graphic part of the processing of answers to individual questions of the test, where the answers of nurses appeared slightly worse (although in total very good) and the proposal is to support training of employees, internal seminars and a creation of standards. The research presented the knowledge of a selected group of nurses in the Hospital in Pelhrimov, p.o., in the area of drug handling at a high level of quality. There is a possibility of further examination of possible mutual differences in the knowledge of the safe drug handling problems, between nurses in accredited and non-accredited health facilities.
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