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Breeding and reintroduction of bearded volture (Gypaetus barbatus)
Rudolfová, Veronika ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (referee)
Vultures are a group of predators (Accipitriformes) of the Hawks family. It is a very unique group, which is distinguished from others mainly by its manner of eating and appearance. Vultures do not hunt live prey, but feast on carrion. Typical sign of these great predators is a bare head and long neck.
Bearded vulture is not a typical example of a vulture and speculations are held whether it should be classified in the vultures family. Although it feeds on carrions, its head is plumy and it does not stay in groups, but lives as a couple, individually or creates polyandric trios instead. Bearded vulture also lives in inaccessible terrain high in mountains, where its main component of nourishment are bones of farm and wild animals.
In the past century population of Bearded vulture greatly declined mainly due to illegal poisoning, decrease of natural habitat and nourishment and due to low natality. Low natality is caused by the fact that in a congeries of two eggs, only one can survive. The other egg functions only as a substitute. If both eggs hatch, the older hatchling exhibits sings of aggression towards the younger hatchling. The parents do not seek to interfere and encourage only the older hatchling. This aggression is an objective of examination of many experts aswell as attempting to prevent it.
The Programme Vulture Conservation Foundation (VCF) is an organization for vulture retrieval, which associates catteries and zoological gardens that want to participate in the spread of the Bearded vulture population. In the year 1986 this programme started to work and since then made huge steps. In Alps and Pyrenees there has been an increase in the number of individuals that give birth to young every year.
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Realization of farm with a focus on poultry
Hromjak, Milan ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kovářová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with the origin of a family farm. By creating a business plan and issues connected with it, its priority is an organic poultry farm, which will produce poultry meat and eggs. Another service beyond the farm production will be creating conditions for a developing branch, which is agro-tourism and other services related to the operation of the farm, so that it leads to the economic development and profit.
The farm will arise by rebuilding of an old house with a large barn and adjacent 10ha of lands inherited from grandparents. There will be built a multi-purpose building called the poultry farm from which the poultry will have access to pasture. The property includes another 1 ha of forest from which the wood will be used as a building material and firewood.
The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part especially focuses on explaining the concepts that are important to understand the business plan.
Then there is the legislation concerning the organic farming, a tangle of laws, public notices and regulations that must be followed in order to meet the conditions for the organic farming. An integral motivational service of the country and the European Union for farmers and not only for those who are environmentally-managing farmers, is support and grants for the years 2014 - 2020. A very important step not only for the starting farmers is a market analysis in the given branch, as well as a SWOT analysis that will show us the positive and negative aspects of the business. The conclusion of this section deals not only with the concept of agro-tourism, but also with its market position as well and possibilities of its use and further development.
In the practical part there is a description of a business plan and individual periods of the project including financing. Finances will flow from own and foreign capital, or the possibility to apply for support through non-refundable grants. The establishment of the farm will have an impact on the labor market, as there will be 5 newly created jobs and the community will fit into the wider public awareness thanks to the activities that the farm will develop for the purpose of product promotion and further development. Furthermore, there are itemized individual items that lead to the final evaluation of the effectiveness of the business plan. By processing the theoretical and practical part of the thesis the requirement of the thesis objective is met - to design a prosperous family farm focused on poultry keeping with a hypothesis if it is currently possible to be competitive while importing poultry meat and eggs from abroad. It can be concluded that the business plan is viable.
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Rakovnik roller
Hejlová, Barbora ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zita, Lukáš (referee)
The scope of this bachelors dissertation is breeding of Rakovnik roller, which is one of the oldest Czech breed of pigeons.
The first part of dissertation is focused at zoological classification of Rakovnik roller. There is not known much information about its origin. Generally rollers are originated from Asia.
The second part of dissertation is focused at breeding of Rakovnik roller. It contains description of chamber dovecote and its equipment. There is further described necessary nutrition and fly attributes, so called rolling. The roller can be distinguished from the other species by the rolling. This attribute is most important during the breeding. The rolling are roll overs in air during the flight of 360 degrees. In nutrition part is further described appropriate kinds of grains suitable for rollers.
The third part is focused at issues of reproduction and breeding. In this part there is described how to suitable compile a couple and how to breed squabs. Furthermore there is in detail described a look of colour layouts and patterns. The last part is dedicated to veterinary issues.
Rakovnik roller is not difficult specie for breeding or nutrition. It is suitable for starting breeders.
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Breeding of Eastern Rosellas in European Climate Conditions
Baierlová, Nikola ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zita, Lukáš (referee)
Summary
This work is aimed at parrot breeding of genus Rossella in Europe, in different climatic conditions than the conditions in the Southeast and South Australia where the birds come from. Here, you can find overview of their occurrence in nature, evaluation of biotope, feeding and information on breeding in human custody.
Eastern Rosellas (Platycersus eximius) live in pairs and each pair is very protective
of their own nesting teritory. Outside of the nesting season, Rosellas are moving around the land in small groups.
In nature, these parrots eat grain from grass or weeds, seeds from bushes, trees
and of course fruit.
The nesting season starts around february and lasts until august. In nature Rosellas nest in hollow trees, branches, tree stumps, columns, on top of fence post and even in rabbit holes.
The best option when it comes to breeding Rosellas, is an outside aviary, which best represents their natural habitat. European winter causes them little to no trouble, the same goes for severe frost, which allows for year-round stay in the outside aviary.
Rosellas have the similar eating habits as their parrot brethren, meaning sunflower seeds, millet, panic grass, canary and oat. An important supplement in their daily diet is green feed(ing), fresh fruit and vegetable, branches to nibble on, mineral substances, and fresh drinking water. During the nesting season and while with young, it is necessary to feed
the birds an egg mixture, it is an important source of protein.
Breeding of Rosellas is fairly effortless, they can easily nest even in small spaces. Ideal size of their bird house would be 25 x 25 x 60 - 70 cm with a fly-in entrance of 7 - 8 cm. It is necessary to hang the bird houses as high as possible in the protected part of aviary. Female lays 5 - 7 white colored eggs, on which she sits 21 - 22 days. Young birds leave
the nest in age between 28 - 35 days and then, are are partly fed additional 10 - 14 days by
the male.
Among the most frequent diseases of this species of pet birds belong those non contagious, e.g. hypovitaminosis, uricosis and, furthermore parasitical ones and pathogens as well as other contagious diseases or feather abnormalities, such as the so called French defeathering.
Breeding of Rosellas does not require an experienced breeder. With proper care, Rosellas can live up to 25 - 30 years and remain fertile their whole lives.
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Zootherapy and its using for the clients of PN Bohnice
Steklá, Daniela ; Dokoupilová, Adéla (advisor) ; Zita, Lukáš (referee)
Animotherapy is a relatively young branch using the positive impact of animals on the mental, physical and social health. We divide it according to the methods, forms, or animals that are used for the therapy (hippotherapy, canistherapy, felinotherapy, etc.). From the viewpoint of the use of animals in therapy it is important to specify methods AAA (activities) and AAT (therapy). While AAT is a targeted method indicated by the physician and must keep records of the course of the therapy, AAA is a method of natural interaction between the client and the animal and the conditions laid down by the methods of the AAT may not be met. All types of animotherapy should be performed or supervised by a qualified expert with appropriate education, whose task is to establish the aims and procedures of individual therapies taking into account the health status of the client and his current mental frame of mind. By acknowledging the psychological state of the client and his diagnosis, the therapist prevents emergence of dangerous situations both for the client and for the animal involved in therapy. This therapy is used as a supplement for therapeutic or rehabilitation methods. For example, it can help to create or deepen the relationship between the client and the therapist. It is not yet officially recognized as a therapeutic method.
Sociotherapeutic farm in PN Bohnice uses for therapy especially horses (called Hipotherapy (HR), and small animals. The method HR complexly affects the mental and physical state of a person and includes all forms of treatment and rehabilitation using horses for persons with a disability or handicap. Horses on the farm are used for physiotherapy and psychotherapy, while small animals are used in the form of visiting programs by gerontopsychiatric wards. Therapists worked out on the basis of many years of experience their own methodology for these therapies, using which they achieve excellent results.
The results of studies show that animotherapy has a positive effect on clients of all ages and a wide range of diseases. This is a very promising and recently much discussed subject that needs a number of other studies, to be acknowledged as a therapeutic method.
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Analysis, treatment and prevention of colic disease of horses
Míšková, Tereza ; Navrátil, Jan (advisor) ; Zita, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is about equine colic diseases, which are frequent subject of discussion. Considerable part of the thesis is dedicated to digestive tract of equine and to nutrition. Considered the range of the thesis, there are described chosen diseases of stomach, small intestine, appendix, small and large columns, rectum etc. with colic symptoms. Thesis is analysing a prevalence of equine and causes that are leading to illness, such as abdominal pain. Another part is about first aid that are owners and medical assistants able to provide to their horses and then clinical examination made by veterinary doctor. These pages are dealing with conservative and chirurgical treatment and subsequent recovery. Necessary part is prevention of colic diseases. Due to zootechnics field of study is thesis taken from the breeding point of view.
This thesis Analysis, treatment and prevention of colic disease of horses is overview of todays accessible literature. Completed and actualized todays literature about colic issues.
Next target, after reading the literature, is to find a conclusion, why occurrence of colic diseases is such a frequent problem. What reasons are triggering the colic and if we can lower the number of colic cases.
Selected issue is a large topic, for the nature of the thesis it cannot be described in the full range, therefore the author described the main information in a brief text, leading directly to the subject, which were necessary for understanding the issues. From the studied sources was find out, that even that there are many anatomical peculiarities, source of colic diseases is unfortunately mostly caused by inadequate care of horses from their owners and caregivers. Minimalizing these risks depends on the level of particular breed and is completely necessary to take care of its prevention.
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Breeding of parrots and their ethology
Ctiborová, Barbora ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this work was to develop a literature review that discusses the parrots and their ethology. Nowadays, the breeding of parrots became very popular. Ever since the antiquity, birds were bred for their beautiful singing and colorful color. Over the time, the parrots were imported from overseas throughout the Europe. To keep parrot satisfied, it is important to follow proper breeding factors. This thesis is focused primarily on these factors, including suitable cages, their safety equipment, dimensions, bowls, perches and resources for the enrichment of life. If a prospective breeder selects a parrot, it is important to choose a suitable point of sale, or a private breeder. Furthermore, the thesis is concerned with proper nutrition for parrots and the correct composition. Another important chapter deals with diseases of parrots and their treatment. Parrots have many species and subspecies, among the most popular are cockatiels, roselies, budgies, African grey parrots and aras. These species are discussed within the section popular species farmed in the Czech Republic, which characterizes the species, its maintenance, and artificial breeding. The second part of the thesis refers to the ethology and behavior of parrots. General behavior of parrots is elaborated in detail. Another part of this chapter discusses the teachings of parrots and their proper upbringing. The behavior of parrots includes also sexual behavior and reproduction, which is discussed as well.
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Breeding and vocalization of the Forpus parrots species
Albrechtová, Šárka ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (referee)
This Thesis is a summary of available sources on the topic of the pet breeding of Forpus parrots and their vocalization. Since the parrotlets became best known in Czech republic as pets 35 years ago, they are not that common as other small species. However it was their vibrant colouring, pleasant vocalization and low breeding demands that enchanted the breeders.
In the first part of the Thesis, there is introduction on the taxonomy of the species with emphasis on its history and still changing presence. Also there is general description of the biology of each of the species and subspecies in the nature with their localization.
The second part consists of information on the topic of hobby breeding. It summarizes current findings in the form of breeder's advice including information about successful breeding and also emphasises the epizootiology.
The last part is dedicated to the topic of vocalization because parrotlets are one of a few species that are capable of referential vocalization. So there is a brief anatomy of syrinx, types of calls and details about referential vocalization. Also, findings from the last 30 years of research are mentioned.
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Rosela breeding species in European Climate Conditions
Hanzlíková, Dana ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (referee)
Summary
The bachelor thesis focuses on breeding of rosellas. The genus Rosella belongs to the family Psittaculidae and to the order Psittaciformes.
The first part of the thesis deals with rosella´s wildlife. Rosellas are Australian endemics, they can be found in rainforests, sclerophyl and savannah forests. As a result of human influence on changing their environment, they adapted to the agricultural landscape. The nesting biology is similar for all genus. The breeding season starts in spring when males court females. Couples choose hollows inside trees for nesting, the most frequently in the eucalyptus near to a water source. Only the female sits on eggs, the male takes care of her for the whole time. Both parents take care of hatched nestlings.
In the next part, there is discussed the issue of rosella´s nutrition. The correct feeding is important for parrot´s comfort and health. The composition of the appropriate feed is derived from their natural food.
In the next part, there are summarized current knowledge of breeding rosella. It is recommended to breed only one couple of rosellas, not to combine them with other species at all because of aggressive behaviour of this genus. The breeding in outdoor aviaries is perfect for rosellas in human care. They need enough space for flying. The reproduction is suitably supported by the outdoor environment. Most species are adapted to the European climatic conditions and tolerate cold periods. They will be satisfied with the shelter which is not needed to be heated and where they can hide from frost, rain and wind. Rosellas love water, they should have a bowl for this purpose. Mostly they nest without comlications, the problem can come with creating a suitable breeding pair. Rosellas are not too demanding in the case of nesting boxes.
The next part highlights the importance of hygiene and disease prevention. There are mentioned the most common diseases and ways to take care of sick parrots.
The representatives of the genus rosella are characterized in the last part of the thesis. The thesis concentrates on the western rosella and other less common species.
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Feline therapy and its use in elderly patients
Kašíková, Dominika ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Masopustová, Renata (referee)
The aim of this paper was to gather a scientific literature about the effects of Animal assisted interventions (AAI), specifically Feline therapy, with elderly patients.
The first part is devoted to AAI. At first, important terms concerning terminology, forms and types of AAI are explained. It also mentiones positive effects on humans, such as physical calming in a form of decrease in a blood presure, reduction of depressions and loneliness. The negatives associated with implementation AAI, such as representation in the legislature, a lack of studies demonstrating effectiveness, are outlined here. Also it mentiones AAI umbrella organizations on a local and an international level.
The second part deals specifically with Feline therapy, its forms and advantages over other AAI. This part is also dedicated to a selection of suitable animal for Feline therapy and the most used breeds of cats. The emphasis is placed on the certification process which every animal and breeder must undergo and on a risk of zoonoses that we have to client protect from.
In the third part is written about Feline therapy focused on an elderly clients. Characteritics of the client in the senior age is mentioned here and also the changes and challanges what belong to this phase of life. There are presented the effects of the presence of animals directly on the elderly patient and how Feline therapy may look like in practice. At the end there are presented organizations that use Feline therapy with elderly patients.
The cat may be used as a cotherapist just like a dog or a horse. Some patients like cats even more than other animals, because of their size and specific nature. Within Feline therapy regular visits to the target facilities are used or it is possible to place animal into a facility or a household of a patient. It depends on a willingness of a facility, its employees and especially the clients.
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