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Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa - causes, impacts, solutions
Svitáková, Lucie ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to highlight the issue of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the first part I give the definition of poverty and indicators which are used for its measurement. It also determines the factors that lead to poverty in this area. The second part deals with the characteristics of the main problems that arise from the existence of poverty. It includes mainly a lack of access to basic needs, high debts and unequal opportunities in international trade. The last chapter focuses on some of the many tools that could lead to eradication of poverty such as the Millennium Development Goals, debt relief and the concept of Fairtrade. The paper draws upon both Czech and foreign books and Internet resources, especially the annual reports, statistics and databases of international institutions.
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League of Arab States versus Syria: Will Arab Spring close the long-term mutual cooperation?
Horáková, Jaroslava ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is the current economic and political situation in the Middle East. Closer I focused on the temporary exclusion of the Syrian Arab Republic, Arab League, whose cause was more than a year ongoing unrest in the country. Upon closer acquaintance with the League of Arab States and the Syrian Arab Republic alone I have dealt with Syria likely renewal of membership in this organization, foresight protests and the overall situation in the state. According to our information there are no signs that should come to any positive change in the current situation in the country.
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Economic expansion of People’s Republic of China to Africa and its impact on selected African countries
Topková, Petra ; Zapletal, Petr (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The goal of the thesis is to define and describe characteristic features of China's economic expansion to Africa and using a few case studies of selected African countries take a closer look on China's influence on local economies, firms and inhabitants. The first chapter of the thesis shortly describes economic situation of China and Africa as a whole, identifies Chinese actors, their motives and characterizes mutual interaction. The second part is focused on three representative African states -- Angola, Zambia, South Africa -- their relations with China and impacts which China's presence has on them. The last part deals with problematic issues and potential opportunities for Africa related to this phenomenon. This chapter mentions a few different approaches and opinions on the topic of China in Africa as well. Some of them are represented by experts in this field, some of them by the heads of African countries.
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Chinese accession to WTO and its trade disputes in the field of WTO.
Březinová, Markéta ; Zapletal, Petr (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The thesis is focused on Chinese accession to WTO and at the same time describes certain trade disputes in the field of WTO. First of all, text describes history of economic changes, thanks to which China became a member of WTO and gradually gained World economic power. The paper provides a description of history and functioning principles of GATT and WTO. The author analyzes the reasons, which led China to aapplication for accession to WTO. Then the thesis looks at chinese committments and consequences of its enter for other countries. Using the main macroecnomic indicators thesis analyzes the economic situation of China before it entered WTO and after the year 2001. In the conclusion, there are selected trade disputess of ČLR with other members.
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Czech trade and economic interests and promoting them in the European Union
Smotlachová, Martina ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide the reader with an overview of the system and the process of promoting Czech trade and economic interests in the European Union. I would like to see the content of this work could serve as an aid to Czech entrepreneurs in promoting their interests in the European Union. The first chapter focuses on defining the Czech trade and economic interests. The second part describes the current state of the system of promoting these interests, where I mention its main defaults and possible solutions. The third chapter is devoted to instruments and institutions involved in the system mentioned above and their roles. The following chapter explains the process defending Czech national interests in the European Union. The fifth and very important part of the thesis is questionnaire part, which gives reader a realistic picture of the system from the perspective of Czech entrepreneurs themselves.
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The role of the EU budget in the context of the ongoing reforms
Fialková, Veronika ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis The role of the EU budget in the context of the ongoing reforms assesses the functioning of the EU budget and considers the question of what changes should bring the ongoing budgetary reform. The thesis analyses the problems of functioning of the existing budget, both on the expenditure and revenue side, and also within the budgetary procedures. The main problem is seen in the discrepancy between the structure of the expenditure and the priorities of the EU. Among other problems are listed the fragmentation of expenditure to a large number of goals, unsuitable character of revenue resources, insufficient flexibility and inadequate setting of some of the decision processes linked to the budget. The thesis focuses on the budgetary reform and debates its possible outcomes, which will shape the financial perspective for the period after 2013. The thesis examines different reform options from a complex point of view. It considers the reform proposals from the European Commission, independent academics, research centers and think tanks, and also from the point of view of the Member States' governments. The thesis assesses these proposals in the context of the EU's present priorities, to which belong above all the goals set in the Europe 2020 strategy, and in the context of the effectiveness of public spending in a multilevel government structure. The thesis concludes that the reform should transform the budget into a flexible instrument for achieving EU's priorities financed from autonomous EU revenue resources.
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Impacts of global financial crisis on the Czech republic and selected EU countries
Vlčková, Marie ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
In this thesis I discuss the financial crisis affecting the whole world. The thesis is concerning the most advanced economic center like United States, European Union, Japan and China. A special attention belongs to the particular states of the European Union (Germany, Lithuania, Greece, Slovak Republic and of course Czech Republic). I tried to compare all the European Union by two macroeconomic variables, the first one is gross domestic product and the second one gross domestic product per capita measured by purchasing power parity. The conclusion is that the original membership's countries were far less affected by the crisis than countries that acceded in 2004 and 2007. In the case of gross domestic product the most negative impact had the crisis on Ireland, Finland and Luxembourg and at least were affected France, Portugal and Belgium. For new member states are most negative influenced the Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Slovakia and the least affected countries were Poland, Malta and Cyprus. The second variable shows us that the crisis was in case of new members most favorable for Cyprus, Malta, Slovenia and the Czech Republic and vice versa worst for Bulgaria and Romania. In global the crisis hit at most Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and had the smallest impact on Greece, Cyprus, Netherlands and France. For individual countries from the European Union I tried to analyze the applications of government measures and personally, I inclined to think that the crisis is the curative process on one hand because crises lead to the cleaning the market from less productive and prosperous companies and creating space for new opportunities but on the other hand bring a lot of negative aspects, such as unemployment, decline in living standards and more.
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Competitiveness of the EU and the eastern enlargement
Kamenská, Lenka ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter brings different views of a term competitiveness and its measurement. A special attention is paid to the approach of the World Economic Forum to competitiveness. In this chapter, the Lisbon strategy is also mentioned. The Lisbon strategy is a strategic document of the EU, covering the decade 2000-2010, whose aim was to make the EU "the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world capable of sustainable economic growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion". The second chapter describes competitiveness of two members of the eastern enlargement Bulgaria and Estonia,whose position on the competitiveness ranking list is completely different. This chapter points out specific features of these economies, examines factors that contributed most to the growth of competitiveness and identifies competitiveness barriers that prevented a country from achieving better position on the competitiveness ranking list. The final chapter evaluates member states progress towards the Lisbon strategy goals and introduces a new reform agenda called Europe 2020.
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New euro area member states: actual advancement and pespectives
Pražanová, Pavlína ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this graduation theses is an evaluation of the economic advancement of the last five euro area countries, i.e. Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia and Estonia, in the context of the decaying world's economic crisis and adumbration the possible perspectives of their next economic advancement. The thesis is structured into five chapters (according to countries), whereas the structure is always the same - introductory subchapter evaluates the way to euro area by convergence reports of EC and ECB, the second one predicates current economic advancement by chosen economic indicators from Eurostat and the last one implies expected advancement by EC Autumn forecast 2010.
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Urban Development in the Czech Republic in the context of the EU Cohesion Policy
Picková, Veronika ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
This Diploma thesis deals with the support system for the Czech urban areas development, available in the EU Funds in the 2007-2013 programming period. First, the work briefly discusses the characteristics of the EU Cohesion Policy, and then describes the development of its urban dimension emphasizing the period after 2000. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze Czech strategic documents for the implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy and specific programmes linked to urban development, i.e. the Regional Operational Programmes and the Integrated Operational Programme. The final part includes the case study of Pilsen city, as a concrete example of the analyzed programmes implementation.
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