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Development and Validation of Methods for Typing of Bacteria by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
Chudějová, Kateřina ; Hrabák, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Dolejská, Monika (referee) ; Nyč, Otakar (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Healthcare-associated infections represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings. The risk of nosocomial infection differs significantly in different group of patients, depending on the character of their primary illness, the co-morbidities, the type of care provided, the length of hospitalization, or the medical procedures used. Artificial surfaces such as central venous catheters, shunts, urinary catheters, valve and joint replacements or controlled lung ventilation play a major role. The majority of nosocomial infections is caused by several representative of Enterobacteriaceæ family, Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., or some Gram-positives, especially Staphylococcus and Enterococcus spp. This is largely due to their ability to retain and transfer different types of resistance to antibiotics. The identification and subtyping of these pathogenic microorganisms is an essential tool of modern public health infectious disease surveillance not only for appropriate and efficient treatment of infections, but also in case of an outbreak. Understanding clonal continuity among investigated strains is essential to determine the source and routes of infections, confirm or rule out outbreaks, trace cross-transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens, or recognize virulent...
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Development and Validation of Methods for Typing of Bacteria by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
Chudějová, Kateřina ; Hrabák, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Dolejská, Monika (referee) ; Nyč, Otakar (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Healthcare-associated infections represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings. The risk of nosocomial infection differs significantly in different group of patients, depending on the character of their primary illness, the co-morbidities, the type of care provided, the length of hospitalization, or the medical procedures used. Artificial surfaces such as central venous catheters, shunts, urinary catheters, valve and joint replacements or controlled lung ventilation play a major role. The majority of nosocomial infections is caused by several representative of Enterobacteriaceæ family, Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., or some Gram-positives, especially Staphylococcus and Enterococcus spp. This is largely due to their ability to retain and transfer different types of resistance to antibiotics. The identification and subtyping of these pathogenic microorganisms is an essential tool of modern public health infectious disease surveillance not only for appropriate and efficient treatment of infections, but also in case of an outbreak. Understanding clonal continuity among investigated strains is essential to determine the source and routes of infections, confirm or rule out outbreaks, trace cross-transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens, or recognize virulent...
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Sensitivity of multiresistant strains to disinfectants
Chudějová, Kateřina ; Paterová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hobzová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and medical sciences Candidate: Bc. Kateřina Chudějová Supervisor: MUDr. Pavla Paterová Title of diploma thesis: Sensitivity of multiresistant strains to disinfectants Branch of study: Healthcare bioanalytics - Specialist in Laboratory Metods Out of multiresistant strains (bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics), are gradually becoming a bigger problem in all treatments of infectious diseases on a global scale. They can easily become a major complication, which could occur during medical care and following treatments. The requirement is to reduce their quantity, limit their reproduction and transmission between patients. One of the used resources are disinfectants. The aim of this dissertation is to determine the sensitivity of selected multi-resistant strains against certain disinfectants, which are routinely used at Faculty Hospital in Hradec Králové. The following products used in the Department of Clinical Microbiology have been selected for testing: Basic Manusept® - ethanol disinfection used in practice for hygienic and surgical hand disinfection, Sterillium Med® - ethanol disinfection with the addition of glycerol, which is used for hygienic and surgical hand disinfection, Cleanisept® - combined...
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