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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Electrolytes 2.
Krištofová, Lucie ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Electrolytes 2. Diploma thesis Lucie Krištofová, 2009 Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical technology This diploma thesis summarizes findings of both formulation of parenteral preparations and expressions of their osmotic concentration. The equations of linear regression for the conversion of molality (mol/kg) to molarity (mol/l) are presented on the basis of pyknometry measurement of density of aqueous solution of sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, and sodium lactate in molality 0.1 - 1.0 mol/kg. Experimentally obtained values of solution osmolality (mOsmol/kg) allowed estimation of the actual molal osmotic coefficient of studied electrolytes. The mean molal osmotic coefficient might be recommended for the estimation of osmolality from solution molality in case of aqueous solution of sodium acetate and sodium lactate. The differences between the measured osmolality and the estimated one were 2% and 4%, respectively. The method using the measured osmolality, the solution density and the partial specific volume of solute (ml/g), which express the change of the solution volume after the addition of 1.0 g of solute, might be recommended to estimate osmolarity of the solution (mOsmol/l).
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