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Evolution of Human chin
 Cvrčková, Lucie ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
Chin is one of the most distinctive features of anatomically modern humans, neither archaic nor Neanderthals had it. The chin is part of symphyseal part of mandibular symphysis and so that represents anatomical structure, it's meaning is not yet fully explained. The goal of the thesis was to summarize evolution of the chin including the importance od the most unique fossil findings. It also aims to explain different types of theories of the chin evolution, that have been formed so far. Among the most recognized present theories belongs dynamic and functional concept and concept of speech development impact on the formation of the chin. The first one takes into account mainly the biomechanical point of view and the development of the chin connects with the resistance of the whole jaw to chewing stress. The development of the chin during evolution was in connection with verticalizing of the symphysis, which is likely associated with non-functional factors such as the gracilization of jaw apparatus including reduction of the protrusion of both jaws as well as the space for tongue. The biomechanic "in vivo" experiments of the human mandible have not yet produced clear results. There are still needed to be addressed in the context of modern methodology. However, it is likely that the chin, as well as other...
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