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Dam Breach of Eartfill Dams Due to Internal Erosion
Kotaška, Stanislav ; Hodák, Jiří (referee) ; Satrapa, Ladislav (referee) ; Jandora, Jan (advisor)
Dam breaches are relatively rare but can be catastrophic. In the event of a earthfill dam breach, a special flood will occur that can cause loss of life and property. While it is difficult to prevent a earthfill dam breach, it is important to focus on protecting the population. Depending on the type of damage expected to the earthfill dam, different measures are taken to protect people. After analysing possible dam failures and calculating the consequences, risks are assessed and then reduced by relocating people and property. Accurate analysis of potential failures and prediction of the flood wave is necessary to predict how a given special flood will propagate in the floodplain below the dam. The thesis clearly summarises the mechanism of earthfill dam breach due to internal erosion and presents mathematical methods for modelling this phenomenon. The main result is an increase in the predictive capability of the AREBA software used to simulate breaches of earthfill dams due to internal erosion and overtopping. An extension to the AREBA software has been introduced to allow the setting of different levels of comparison plane, consumption curves and reservoir characteristics. In addition, the AREBA software has been extended to include water balance equation and additional methods for dealing with water levels below the dam. New methods have also been added to deal with roof collapse of the seepage pipe, friction losses in the seepage pipe and dealing with the roughness coefficient calculations. A Monte Carlo method with LHS sampling was introduced to generate the input parameters. After applying the proposed improvements, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the most sensitive geotechnical model parameters. In addition, other software’s for simulating the failure of earthfill dams due to internal erosion was presented (EMBREA, DL Breach, WinDAM C) and its results were compared with the modified AREBA software on selected case studies.
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Population awareness of the emergence of a special flood under the Kamýk waterworks
HERMOVÁ, Barbora
Everyday we are threatened by small or large emergencies in our lives. It follows, that it would be good to know important and recommended behaviours in crisis situations and to be properly prepared for these emergencies. The aim of this Bachelor´s thesis is to review and evaluate the awareness of the population of Kamýk about tasks during a special flood. The theoretical part is based on legal standards, professional literature and internet resources. The theoretical part itself is focused on flood protection, floodplains and related flood plans. Other major covered areas are flood forecasting and reporting service and flood authorities. I also briefly mentioned dams in the Czech Republic, their historical development and their characteristics. The last segment of the theoretical part are examples of special floods in our country and in the world. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey. I created a questionnaire, which was then presented to students of primary school in Kamýk and other residents moving in the areas of Kamýk. To answer the research question "Is the population informed about the tasks of protection of the population in the event of special flood?" was carried out a questionnaire survey, which took place in contact form using a printed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 16 questions and was answered by a total of 82 respondents. This research revealed that the awareness of the population in the mentioned area is insufficient. It is therefore necessary to focus on improving awareness of this issue.
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Infectious diseases related to floods; protection of population and of Integrated Rescue System bodies at performing clean-up works in affected regions
BRAVENEC, Roman
In the recent years, floods have been an increasingly common natural phenomenon in the territory of the Czech Republic. I have chosen the bachelor thesis about the topic ?Infection diseases in connection with floods, protection of inhabitants and IRS forces when realizing clean-up operations in disaster areas? because I have been employed with the village of Loučovice in the position of the secretary. Due to its position on the flow of the Vltava River and below the water dam LIPNO 1, the village of Loučovice is threatened with both natural and special floods; therefore, timely awareness of citizens in case of possible threat is a basic prerequisite for the realization of effective measures for the protection of lives, health and property but also for possible elimination of effects of the flood. The paper summarizes possible causes of natural and special floods, which, in addition to considerable property damages, bring health risks too. As for the findings from the areas damaged by floods, I have identified the mostly occurring infection diseases after the flood goes off. In addition to the affected inhabitants, members of the intervention forces of the Integrated Rescue System and volunteers, who participate in rescue and clean-up operations, are also exposed to the infection diseases. Furthermore, I specify the evaluation of the statistical data identified in the system EPIDAT, which is used for monitoring of the epidemiological situation in the Czech Republic. The purpose of my paper is to gather collective information for the Flood Commission at the village of Loučovice. It concerns an overview of IRS forces and roles of the territorial self-governing units and their activity at the time of an extraordinary event. The result is an up-dated list of telephone contacts, so-called crisis card, recommendations for protection of property against the impact of the flood wave, possibilities of protection of water sources and the way of emergency supplies of drinking water, which are related to the threat of contagion with infection disease.
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Protection of inhabitants and areas located below waterworks
FORMÁNEK, Karel
The Czech Republic has a very dense network of waterways and a lot of lakes and small ponds. Floods belong to the most frequent natural disasters in the CR. Small water reservoirs in the flood protection system are of great importance. The retention capacity of those water reservoirs and feasibility to control water outflow are used. The aim of this study is to determine the state of preparedness to manage consequences of a possible failure and an accident on one of such water-works of category II, the pond Hvězda. Vulnerability of the area is assessed in terms of preparedness of state and local government authorities responsible for special flood consequences management. Meeting this objective is possible through compliance with the methodological procedure. The procedure implies studying legislation and normatives applied to the area, flood protection, population protection and crisis management. And it also involves evaluation of responsible institutions and the status of their documents concerning planning, and making comparisons with legislation requirements. Another objective is a proposal of my own solutions to the identified failures management. This is a project of planning documents completion, to be specific, a plan for the area below the water-works protection. The plan is a general conception and allows itself to be used for any water-work. The thesis also includes a brief elaboration of educational material in the form of a presentation, designed for involved authorities that are supposed to compile the plan, or to participate in its compilation. The objective, content and the method of the plan preparation are outlined. It is useful to inform the entities involved in the special flood management such as the Fire Prevention Unit, the Integrated Rescue System components about this issue. This thesis offers a solution to a specific problem, which is protection of inhabitants and areas located below water-works against a special flood impact. It also suggests the future view of an area vulnerability assessment, which consists in a comprehensive hazard mapping and its evaluation according to a unified methodology in the CR territory and assuring its compatibility within the EU.
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