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Alpha-gal - dvě strany jedné mince
ŠABATKOVÁ, Klára
Ticks are interesting ectoparasites for their ability to modulate the host's defense response. This ability of tick saliva is often exploited by pathogens to increase their transmission. Therefore many researchers focused on identification of molecules in tick saliva and their possible medical use. This thesis focuses on the high natural presence of anti-Gal antibodies in human serum and it's interaction with alpha-gal epitope that is expressed on the surface of some pathogens and mammalian cells. This epitope has been identified in tick saliva and some drugs as well.
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Porovnání promotorů pro využití v klíštěcím (\kur{Ixodes}) expresním systému
MUSTACOVÁ, Johana
Gene manipulation can be a convenient tool for tick control, however functional procedure for gene manipulation of ticks was not determined yet. The creation of plasmid vectors with high ability of gene expression driven by functional promoters is crucial for genetically modified ticks. To investigate effective tools for tick genes manipulation within the scope of this master thesis, transfection procedures for various types of Ixodes tick cell lines were optimized. As well as expression vectors for use in tick cells were tested. For this purpose, expression plasmid vectors containing luciferase reporter genes driven by eukaryotic and viral promoters were used.
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Touha po cukru; fyziologické procesy klíštěte \kur{Ixodes ricinus} v závislosti na hostitelské glukóze
PLAČKOVÁ, Barbora
Blood-feeding arthropods, Ixodes ricinus acquire and digest vast amounts of the host blood meal, which often exceeds their body volume up to 100 times. It seems to be an only source of energy which they need for the reproduction. I identified homologues of six sugar transporters genes encoding sugar transporters in the I. ricinus tick. Transcripts encoding sugar transporters were found in digestive tract of I. ricinus. The results of RT PCR analysis characterised tissue expression profiles of the sugar transporters while fed by blood. The sugar transporters were determined as a drug target by RNAi. In this master thesis, the use of RNAi and available sugar inhibitors did not confirm glucose importance in physiology of ticks. Membrane feeding showed that blood meal with 2-deoxy-D-glucose had a significant impact on the reproduction and viability of the ticks.
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Význam sialovaných glykoproteinů pro klíště \kur{Ixodes ricinus}
ONDRUŠ, Jaroslav
Sialic acid is a highly abundant and a common component of vertebrate glycans, where it can be found in the terminal positions of the cell surface glycoconjugates. The amount of sialylated glycoconjugates as well as their complexity vary between both different species and different tissue types within one individual. Considering the vertebrates, these well studied structures are know to be important for cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and immunity. In contrary, sialic acid in arthropod glycans has been identified only in a limited number of species. In obligatory blood feeding parasites such as ticks, distinguishing between sialylated glycoproteins of tick and host origin is challenging due to huge volumes of ingested blood containing heavily sialylated structures of host origin. In the tick Ixodes ricinus, the presence of minor amount of tick´s sialylated structures has been shown previously in the ovaries and salivary glands, however, their role remains completely unknown. In this thesis, we study the importance and role of both the tick-originating and the host sialylated glycoproteins for I. ricinus, the tick commonly found in Czech Republic. We show that the tick-originating sialylated glycoproteins are present in I. ricinus eggs, and that their amount changes over time after laying the eggs. Furthermore, these molecules were localized in cryosections of 14 days old eggs and in the larvae using confocal microscopy. In addition, we shed some further light on the role of sialic acid for ticks in the tick blood meal. According to our results, the glycan part of glycoproteins is the key in recognition of these molecules by tick cells.
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Ecological and epidemiological aspects of tick-borne encephalitis
GREGOROVÁ, Eva
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus is endemic in many countries in central, eastern and northern Europe. Nowadays its importance rises because of its increasing incidence. This study focuses on characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus, its host and human disease caused by this pathogen and efficacy of available vaccines. Furthermore, an evaluation of climatic changes and their influence on TBE incidence is discussed.
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Ecological and epidemiological aspects of Lyme borreliosis.
BREJCHOVÁ, Lucie
This Bc. thesis deals with the most common human tick-borne disease the Lyme borreliosis, its occurence and clinical features. Spirochetes from the Borrelia burgdorferi complex are causative agens of the disease. Ticks of the genus Ixodes are responsible for pathogen transmission from wild animals to humans.
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