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Morphological adaptations of spores of ectomycorrhizal fungi and their role in dispersal
Jašková, Eliška ; Janošík, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kohout, Petr (referee)
The spore morphology determines the distance and the substrate on which they land. Recent studies show that colonization of a suitable substrate is more important than long-distance dispersal itself. Spore morphology therefore likely reflects specific ecological requirements of a particular species and is shaped by the selective pressure on their effective dispersal. In the case of ectomycorrhizal fungi, on which the work is focused, an important ecological requirement is a substrate where the spore can find a suitable partner for ectomycorrhiza. The beginning of the thesis is dedicated to a brief characterization of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The main part is divided into the summary of current knowledge about the key morphological features of ectomycorrhizal fungi (fruiting body, spore size, spore shape and cell wall ornamentation) and the specific ways how their spores can be dispersed. In the end, I also mention the possibilities of further research in this area.
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Weapon (not only) as a work of art
Dirga, Pavel ; Šmíd, Jan (advisor) ; Kafková, Helena (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce various types of weapons, not only as objects of everyday use, but also as objects which are of high artistic value. The aim is to introduce the phenomenon of arms not only as objects, which are designed for different types of practical applications, but also as a fine art and artifacts with the aesthetic and functional value. The main method for the production of this thesis was to study literature and other texts, or materials related to the given topic. The thesis is divided into several chapters by type of weapon (cold, firearms) and by continents, where the weapons occurred. Then I focused my research on the phenomenon of arms in the film industry, and the question of arms and related violence and also the issue of preventing violence, bullying and crime. Keywords: Art-work, ornamentation, gun, cool gun, violence, aggression, prevention
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Ornament expression and lifetime reproductive success in male barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)
Wnuková, Lucie ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Klvaňová, Alena (referee)
Within a lifetime of an individual, there are changes in the organism leading to an an impairment of phenotype, survival and reproduction. The expression of phenotypic traits often increases with age. Higher expression of these traits in the young age can lead to decreased probability of survival till the next season, influencing reproductive success of an individual. That is why organisms are challenged with trade-offs, when they have to allocate their limited resources either into the reproduction in form of expression of extravagant sex ornaments or into the life span. If the ornament evolved as a handicap, its exaggerated size could reduce viability of low quality individuals. Therefore, the ornament becomes a predictor of quality of its bearer and its size indicates the ability to survive till the next season. Both sexual ornamentation and inter-individual variation in life span may result in differences in reproductive success (fitness) and targeted by sexual or natural selection. Variability in reproductive success, mainly in monogamous species, can be increased also by sexual promiscuity and extra-pair mating and extra-pair copulations. This strategy can increase the opportunity for selection of traits that play role in choosing of extra-pair mate. In this work, I focused on two potential...
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Historicist ornamentation in the work of Josef Manes
Kuthanová, Kateřina ; Kubík, Viktor (advisor) ; Pech, Milan (referee)
The core part of the thesis is devoted to the lifework of a Czech artist Josef Mánes (1820−1871) with an emphasis on the artworks which include historicist ornamentation. The main aim of the author is a typological definition of particular motives of historicist ornamentation in the work of Josef Mánes, specifying the sources of their inspiration. The thesis is accompanied by the summary of the literature on the topic, by the list of all artworks of Josef Mánes containing ornamental decoration and sorting of the rich accompanying picture materials.
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Ornament expression and lifetime reproductive success in male barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)
Wnuková, Lucie ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Klvaňová, Alena (referee)
Within a lifetime of an individual, there are changes in the organism leading to an an impairment of phenotype, survival and reproduction. The expression of phenotypic traits often increases with age. Higher expression of these traits in the young age can lead to decreased probability of survival till the next season, influencing reproductive success of an individual. That is why organisms are challenged with trade-offs, when they have to allocate their limited resources either into the reproduction in form of expression of extravagant sex ornaments or into the life span. If the ornament evolved as a handicap, its exaggerated size could reduce viability of low quality individuals. Therefore, the ornament becomes a predictor of quality of its bearer and its size indicates the ability to survive till the next season. Both sexual ornamentation and inter-individual variation in life span may result in differences in reproductive success (fitness) and targeted by sexual or natural selection. Variability in reproductive success, mainly in monogamous species, can be increased also by sexual promiscuity and extra-pair mating and extra-pair copulations. This strategy can increase the opportunity for selection of traits that play role in choosing of extra-pair mate. In this work, I focused on two potential...
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The Franciscan Bible in the Library of the National Museum in Prague (XII.B.13) in the Bohemian book painting in the 13th century
Kurešová, Jana ; Kubík, Viktor (advisor) ; Černý, Pavol (referee) ; Brodský, Pavel (referee)
The Franciscan Bible from the National Museum Library in Prague (XII.B.13) Within the Context of 13th Century Painting The painted miniatures decorating the so-called Franciscan Bible (Prague, KNM XII.B.13), which dates in around the 1270s, illustrate the development of painting in Central Europe during the transition period between Late Romanesque and Gothic style. Illuminations in the Franciscan Bible are the work of four masters, the first of whom illustrated the Old Testament, and the latter three worked on the New Testament. The style of the illuminations places its authors firmly in the circle of artists drawing inspiration from the workshop of Giovanni da Gaibana. The Gaibanesque style is characterized by using traditional local motifs, with elongated tails expanding into the borders. Color tones gradually shift toward the cooler palette; form tends toward more schematic drawings and simplified shapes; imitation of Western style is characterized by gradual abandonment of heavy impasto modeling. The First Master most likely came from the Central Rhenish region, but his ornamental motifs are inspired by the Gaibanesque tradition; the other three masters, on the other hand, fully adopted the Gaibanesque style. Their works differ in the way they chose to interpret the common motifs, their use of...
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Ceramics for the First Grade of Primary School
FRAŇKOVÁ, Magdalena
At the beginning of the theoretical part the objects and tasks of the theses are defined. There are also described the teaching methods of project teaching at the primary schools. History of ceramics from all over the world from the Neolithic period is an integral part of the theoretical part. The forming techniques, modeling, glazing and burning techniques are described as well. In the practical part ten ceramics themes to the project teaching at the first grade of primary school are designed. There is a didactic documentation for teachers for each theme.
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Body as a canvas - paint on the body in fine arts and art education
Svobodová, Markéta ; Velíšek, Martin (advisor) ; Čech, Viktor (referee)
Bachelor thesis Body as a canvas - paint on the body in fine arts and art education Markéta Svobodová, duben 2018 ABSTRACT My work begins with the mapping of the transformation of the ideal of beauty and the controversy with this concept. I describe the history of the makeup including the technological and social background of this phenomenon. I also introduce selected works from the history of fine arts, where color is important on the body or on the face. Then I formally transform selected works from art history into forms in which the human body and color will be the main key component. Finally, I reflect this topic into the art, where I focus mainly on portraiture.
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Historicist ornamentation in the work of Josef Manes
Kuthanová, Kateřina ; Kubík, Viktor (advisor) ; Pech, Milan (referee)
The core part of the thesis is devoted to the lifework of a Czech artist Josef Mánes (1820−1871) with an emphasis on the artworks which include historicist ornamentation. The main aim of the author is a typological definition of particular motives of historicist ornamentation in the work of Josef Mánes, specifying the sources of their inspiration. The thesis is accompanied by the summary of the literature on the topic, by the list of all artworks of Josef Mánes containing ornamental decoration and sorting of the rich accompanying picture materials.
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Interpretively technical issues of playing the recorder focused on Baroque music
Liptáková, Eva ; Hurníková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Palkovská, Jana (referee)
This work is focused on the issues related to baroque interpretation on recorder concerning classwork on primary art schools. Main recorder history, available classbooks about technique and interpretation of baroque music is presented as well as a list of conservatories and universities in the Czech republic and universities in the surrounding coutries, where the recorder can be studied as a main subject. Furthermore, breath, articulation and finger technique are discussed. Separate chapter is dedicated to the composition ornamentation. Practical classwork is demonstrated on concrete scores targeted on pupils of different primary art school grades. Breath technique, articulation and finger technique is discussed for each composition. Furthermore, ornamentation possibilities are presented for each piece.
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