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Importance of probiotics in child's nutrition
Augustová, Kamila ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
With great advances in science, medicine and knowledge of a man at the high level of treatment. However, even today the humanity seeking to return to its roots - the nature and use it to maintain its good health. The term probiotics is meant by living organisms that are capable of resettling in the human intestine and have a positive impact on maintaining healthy intestinal microorganisms, which also reflected the positive effects on human health in general. Company Valosun a.s. provided for testing probiotický food supplement for children, which was tested mothers with children preschool age and pregnant. The aim of our sociological survey was to determine what is the awareness of the issue of probiotics in this group, the perception of the queried the availability of probiotics and what are the most common reasons for their use.
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Probiotics and their importance in human nutrition
Formanová, Kristýna ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
A great deal of immune system is located in the colon thanks to a large number of microbs that influence not only digestive tract of a human. The contact of these microbs with the digestive tract of a human is very important for other development of immune defensive mechanisms and the natural immune response, which supports health of a host. That is why in recent years a great deal of attention and efforts have been paid to possibility of human health status improving by a modulation of the intestinal microflora. As probiotics are indicated living microorganisms, that can have positive effects on human health and some species, for example Saccharomyces boulardii, have positive effects in prevention and treatment of many diseases associated with diarrhea. The company Valosun a.s. has provided for testing the probiotic food supplement which is suitable in acute diarrheal disorders. This product has been tried by patients of gastroenterology ambulance. The aim of sociological survey was to map knowledge of respondents in the field of probiotics and probiotic food supplements.
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Probiotics in food products for children
Vozárová, Petra ; Kvasničková, Eva (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Despite of the high level of science and medicine, people are trying to return to the nature and use it for their lives. For example, they are using probiotics, which are live cultures able to reside in the human intestine and there can start their role. The teoretical part of this bachelor thesis deals with probiotic bacteria, their properties and those properties which are important in the food industry and the main part focuses on the probiotics used in baby food. The experimental part of the thesis targets on an analysis of two probiotic supplements for children (BioLac Baby and Probacílium+). There was a DNA isolated from these two products by method of phenol extraction and using magnetic media. The whole DNA isolated from these products was amplificated by genus-specific PCR.
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Vliv změny stravovacího režimu na vybrané ukazatele mikrobiomu lidského trávicího traktu
Patloka, Ondřej
The literature review of this thesis discusses the intestinal microbiome of the human gastrointestinal tract. The main attention is paid to the chapters on the development of the intestinal microflora within the life stages of a person, the importance of the microbiota in terms of metabolism and influencing the health of the host, and the influence of the way of eating in terms of the intake of basic nutrients and specific food components of the diet, which can change the bacterial diversity and composition of the intestinal microflora. In the practical part, a microbiological analysis of the fecal microflora of six individuals (n=6) who underwent a weight reduction course was performed. During the experiment, 3 microbiological analyzes of the stool of the probands were performed within the monitored period, i.e. (at the beginning of the weight reduction course, at its end and in the period after the end of the weight reduction course). Microbiological analysis was performed by the plate method, where the number of KTJ/g stool of the probands was evaluated after cultivation. For each of the probands, one sample was analyzed in each phase of the experiment. For statistical evaluation, the averages of log KTJ/g from the stool of all probands within each phase of the experiment were used. At the same time, there was a detailed evaluation of the intake of basic nutrients and other food components of the diet from the dietary records of the probands within the individual periods of the experiment. At the end, a correlation analysis was performed between the observed parameters. During the experiment, there was a decrease in the intake of total carbohydrates, monoenoic and trans fatty acids (P<0.05). In the group of probands, a tendency to decrease total energy intake and increased fiber intake was also noted. As part of the reduction course, there was a decrease in the abundance of Bacteroides spp. and lactic acid bacteria (P<0.05). In contrast, the numbers of Lb were increased at the end of the reduction program. acidophilus and Lb. rhamnosus in the stool of probands (P<0.05). In addition, in the period after the end of the reduction course, there was an increase in the abundance of fecal Bifidobacterium spp. (P<0.05) and a reduction in the number of Enterococcus spp. in the proband group (P<0.05). Based on the detected changes in the abundance of the bacterial composition of the cultured taxa, a possible reduction in the body weight of the probands within the monitored experiment can be assumed.
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Effect of intestinal microflora on the activity of higher brain centers
Arnold, Tomáš ; Hock, Miroslav (advisor) ; Melkes, Barbora (referee)
Abstract Intestinal microflora consists of large bacterial community that resides in the intestines, especially the colon, and lives in symbiosis with the host. It consists mainly representatives of the four bacterial strains (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria). It has already been shown that the proportional representation of the bacterial strains in time does not change much, but the research of the last decade have shown irrefutable effect between the change of diet and composition of the intestinal microflora. In addition, there is evidence of changes in the representation of bacterial strains in the course of development of certain intestinal pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease. More and more are starting to emerge papers describing the influence of altered intestinal microflora respectively its representatives, on the activity and function of the CNS. This interaction of the digestive system and CNS seems to be bidirectional and mediated by several different pathways. Finally, it shows that dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora promotes anxiety and depression that can lead to the urge to prematurely terminate life. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive view of this relatively young, but also very interesting...
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Influence of commercial probiotic preparations on human intestinal microbiome composition
Balatka, Štěpán ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Osičková, Adriana (referee)
The intestinal microflora is an extensive ecosystem of microorganisms that consists of symbiotic and pathogenic species. The microflora is responsible for many important functions in the human body. An unquestionable function is that it affects the health state of the host. The higher the biodiversity, the greater the benefit for the host. However, it is necessary to point out that this should not include a high diversity of pathogenic bacterial species. There are many "beneficial" species, especially from the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus families. In recent decades, the popularity of supplementing these "beneficial" species with various supplementary diets (e.g. probiotics) has been growing a lot. The presented diploma thesis deals with pilot studies of liquid commercial probiotic preparations from American companies Ascended Health (not available on the Czech market) and their effects on the human microbiome. The study involved 9 volunteers who provided 70 fecal samples before, during, and after use of the studied products. Two methods were used to determine the biodiversity of intestinal bacterial species. Both are based on the identification by bacterial DNA that encodes gene 16S rRNA. The first method uses PCR-DGGE technique and then identification by Sanger sequencing. The second method...
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Interaction of gut microbiota with selected flavonoids
Balatka, Štěpán ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Koblihová, Jitka (referee)
The microflora located on the surface of and inside the human body is a very large system. The intestinal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract is a very important and still not fully explored area. The intestinal microflora consists of many types of bacteria, viruses, fungi or some single-cell eukaryotic heterotrophic organisms. The intestinal microflora is involved, for example, in the synthesis of vitamins, digestion of polysacharides or in the storing of fats. It is significantly involved in the metabolism of foreign substances and digestion of food. The activity of foreign substances can influence the composition of the intestinal microflora. It must not be forgotten that the composition of the intestinal microflora differs in separate individuals and is changeable during life. The metabolism of foreign substances in relation to the human organism is a subject of global studies. This work is devoted to the metabolism of myricetin and its influence on the digestive tract of a healthy individual and a person with celiac disease. It is also studied whether myricetin affects the biodiversity of intestinal bacteria. The collected stool samples from donor A (a person with celiac disease) and B (a healthy control) were incubated at 0, 3 and 6 hours in McDougall buffer with myricetin. They were...
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Transplantation stool in a patient with Clostridium difficile - intervention nurses
PENZKOFER, Jana
This Bachelor's thesis focuses on nursing interventions in a patient with clostridium difficile during fecal microbiota (or stool) transplantation. The main aim of the thesis was to determine nursing interventions during fecal microbiota transplantation in a patient with clostridium difficile. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part theoretically describes fecal microbiota transplantation and nursing care for a patient with this diagnosis. The second empirical part concentrates on knowledge of nurses and their approaches to this issue. The theoretical part deals with nursing and epidemiology in general and also with principles of barrier nursing care. Next, it describes the anatomy and physiology of the colon, clostridium difficile and the diseases it causes, fecal microbiota transplantation and nursing care for a patient with clostridium difficile. The empirical part is based on research carried out by interviews with nurses working in a teaching hospital and in a general hospital. The interviews were analysed and categorized. The results of the research survey helped to answer the following research questions: What are the specifics of nursing care for a patient with clostridium difficile? What are the specifics of collecting stool from a donor? How can be stool transplanted? How is the patient prepared for the procedure? The results of the research show that the nursing interventions in teaching and general hospital differ in certain categories, especially in the category called "Nursing tasks before and during the procedure". Nurses in the teaching hospital are assisted by doctors during the procedure, while nurses in the general hospital are responsible for preparation of the transplant material and the whole stool transplantation. In conclusion, clostridium difficile is a very dangerous pathogen for humans, especially because its toxins can cause diseases that can put people at risk. It is difficult to treat and affected patients can develop recurrence. However, the bacteria and their toxins can be detected thanks to reliable laboratory methods in order to start early antibiotic treatment and subsequent fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Effect of intestinal microflora on the activity of higher brain centers
Arnold, Tomáš ; Hock, Miroslav (advisor) ; Melkes, Barbora (referee)
Abstract Intestinal microflora consists of large bacterial community that resides in the intestines, especially the colon, and lives in symbiosis with the host. It consists mainly representatives of the four bacterial strains (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria). It has already been shown that the proportional representation of the bacterial strains in time does not change much, but the research of the last decade have shown irrefutable effect between the change of diet and composition of the intestinal microflora. In addition, there is evidence of changes in the representation of bacterial strains in the course of development of certain intestinal pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease. More and more are starting to emerge papers describing the influence of altered intestinal microflora respectively its representatives, on the activity and function of the CNS. This interaction of the digestive system and CNS seems to be bidirectional and mediated by several different pathways. Finally, it shows that dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora promotes anxiety and depression that can lead to the urge to prematurely terminate life. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive view of this relatively young, but also very interesting...
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Gastrointestinal ekosystem and probiotics
ŘEŽÁBKOVÁ, Zuzana
Intestinal microflora is a postnatal acquired organ. Its metabolic activities are comparable with liver metabolism. Intestinal microflora, the mucosal immune system, and the intestinal mucosal barrier constitute a highly integrated complex, the gastrointestinal ecosystem. The full morphological and functional maturity of individual components requires interactions marked with a brittle equilibrium. Probiotics have been defined as viable microorganisms that (when ingested) have a beneficial effect in the prevention and treatment of specific pathologic conditions. The probiotics stabilize the functions of individual components of the gastrointestinal ecosystem and contribute to the constitution and preservation of the physiological equilibrium. Using of the probiotics have the prerequisites to become a new method of biological therapy.
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