|
|
Forensic method for recognizing the authenticity of artworks using multispectral analysis
Lánský, David ; Mezina, Anzhelika (referee) ; Burget, Radim (advisor)
Detecting forgeries is crucial for protecting the art market and preserving the authenticity of artworks. This thesis focuses on forgery detection using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The main goal was to develop advanced methods capable of identifying anomalies, and thus potential forgeries, in images with their X-ray photographs. During this research, U-net architectures and binary semantic segmentation techniques were applied, enabling successful anomaly detection. The main contribution of this work is 112 models of four different U-net and U-net++ architectures, which effectively highlight anomalies through the method of binary semantic segmentation. The models were trained on a set of images with their synthetically created X-ray images and artificially generated anomalies. In this way, the models can detect lead spots, nails, layers of hidden paintings, and other defects, while also being able to ignore insignificant elements, such as picture frames and overexposed X-ray images. The testing of the models occurred in two phases. In the first phase, they were evaluated using the IoU metric on a set of 400 synthetically generated data, where in the best cases, they achieved up to 83.5 % IoU. In the second phase, they were evaluated subjectively on images with real X-rays and natural anomalies. This approach combines traditional X-ray techniques with modern computer vision, revealing deviations that might be overlooked during standard visual inspection. By bridging these technologies, this work opens new possibilities for the protection of art collections and provides a solid foundation for further research in the field of art forgery detection using artificial intelligence.
|
|
|
Checking of Vehicle Identifiers
Motúz, Ondřej ; Panáček, Vladimír (referee) ; Motl, Jakub (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on identifiers of vehicles and their parts. The thesis gives an overview about available identifiers situated on the vecihles. Further more the thesis deal with potentional forgery and altering of identifiers and as a next shows potentional ways how to detect a manipulation with them. Practipal part of thesis includes a proposal of methodology for checking vehicles based on identifiers. There was also created a cathalogue of the Skoda vehicles. It gives an overview of identifiers for selected vehicles of the brand Skoda.
|
|
|
Falsification of paintings and its impact on the Czech art market
Bergerová, Anna ; Janištinová, Anna (advisor) ; Prokůpek, Marek (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the impacts of the falsification of paintings on the art market and on individuals. Another aim of the thesis is to identify the risk factors of buying art works on the Czech market. The partial aim is to bring to readers a comprehensive view of the issue of the falsification of paintings on the domestic art market. The theoretical part is based on the literature that has not been published so far and maps the basic mechanisms of falsification of paintings. The practical part is based on interviews with experts, criminologists and collectors who have a personal experience of buying a forger. Based on the results of the interviews, the issues of falsification of painting works are answered, the most frequently falsified Czech artists are identified and the risk factors that lead to the purchase of counterfeit. Three artists demonstrate an analysis of expertise and forensic technique in determining the authenticity of the art work.
|
|
|
Methodology of social sciences in the concept of Karl R. Popper
Hampl, Petr ; Loužek, Marek (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
Thesis "Methodology of social sciences in the concept of Karl R. Popper" deals with methodological aspects of Popper's work and their practical applicability which is tested on three specific sociological theories. The first part focuses on the description of principles of Popper's method. The author presents the criteria to distinguish between scientific theories and metaphysical narratives that can be applied on theories in social science. The main aim is a description of "Popper razors" that are two sets of criteria that allow defining the demarcation line between scientific theories and metaphysical narratives, and determine the demarcation line between metaphysical theory and inconsistent observations and feelings. In the second part uses the "Popper's razor" on the theory of exceeded limits of Denise Meadow , theory of the capitalist revolution of Peter L. Berger and theory of risk society of Ulrich Beck. It concludes both Popper's razors are sufficient discriminatory determinants.
|
|
|
The comparison of protection of Czech and European banknotes
NESNÍDALOVÁ, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of counterfeit currency. It focuses primarily on banknotes in the Czech Republic and the Euro zone. The first part describes the history of development in forgery and falsification of the banknotes, especially the counterfeit methods. Special attention is given to protective elements found on the "Czech Koruna" and the Euro banknotes. The second part solves the security features on the various denominations of banknotes. This work compares the security features of each denomination of the latest series of Czech banknotes with older series of Czech banknotes and current Euro banknotes. Tables and graphs contain numbers of counterfeit banknotes for several years. Data are obtained from the statistics of the Czech National Bank and Europa Central Bank. Finally, the paper evaluates the level of protection of Czech and Euro banknotes, and includes recommendations on how to improve protection of both currencies.
|
|
|
Authenticity of food on the Czech market
LÍBALOVÁ, Renata
The Thesis acquaints consumers with Czech and European legislation regarding food quality and safety. There are also described in detail the supervisory autorities for food authenticity operating in Czech Republic and related terms such as food quality and safety. The following is a pivotal part dedicated to the food authenticity, which describes the problem of food adulteration, including the reasons and methods of food adulteration. The practical part contains the results of inspections of food by SZPI for the year 2015. The analysis of the data is based on the website "Potraviny na pranýři". Another part relates to the evaluation of questionnaire, which focuses on consumers's relationship to authenticity and adulteration of food on the Czech market. The practical part is concludes by the evaluation of set hypotheses.
|
|
|
Checking of Vehicle Identifiers
Motúz, Ondřej ; Panáček, Vladimír (referee) ; Motl, Jakub (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on identifiers of vehicles and their parts. The thesis gives an overview about available identifiers situated on the vecihles. Further more the thesis deal with potentional forgery and altering of identifiers and as a next shows potentional ways how to detect a manipulation with them. Practipal part of thesis includes a proposal of methodology for checking vehicles based on identifiers. There was also created a cathalogue of the Skoda vehicles. It gives an overview of identifiers for selected vehicles of the brand Skoda.
|
|
|
The scholastic cheating of early adolescents: from exploratory research towards a structural model. A pilot study.
VRBOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this work is to investigate, which behaviour at school is perceived by early adolescents (age average 14-16 years) as cheating, whether it is possible to classify this behaviour into specific types (factors) and whether these can be linked with individual student variables (sex, GPA, number of missed classes, student goal orientation, worry, self-efficacy, and achievement value), as well as with the contextual variables (parents goal orientation, teachers goal orientation, satisfaction with the school, neutralization, peer cheating behaviour, and cheating punishment). The obtained data were statistically evaluated (N = 401). Using exploratory factor analysis based on students self-reporting the frequency of the behaviour classified as cheating, two types of dishonest behaviour were extracted: cheating (copying, hinting) and falsification (forgery of signatures, absences). Two student factors, school approach (motivation) and to school avoidance (amotivation) orientation, and two context factors, teachers and parents goal orientation, were extracted as predictors of cheating. Results showed that neither parents nor cheating punishment had significant influence on cheating and falsification. The structural model confirmed that a positive relationship with teachers goal orientation and GPA had the highest influence on falsification. Student avoidance to school, student approach to school, and teachers goal orientation had the highest influence on cheating. Cheating and falsification were well correlated. The values of regression coefficients remained similar after removing the parent factor from the model. The structural equation model explaining the relationship of latent endogenous cheating and falsification variables with the three latent exogenous variables (avoidance to school, approach to school and teachers goal orientation) and the three manifest variables (sex, GPA and peer cheating behaviour), fitted the data well. The model explained 42% of cheating variance and 39% of falsification variance
|
guest ::
