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Vliv deficitní výživy na růst, vývoj a aktivitu kořenového systému kukuřice seté (Zea mays, L.)
Nádvorníková, Marie
The aim of hydroponic cultivation experiment was the determination of the influence of deficient nutrition on the maize (Zea Mays, L.) growth and root system. The model crop was maize hybrid SY ONDINA. The experiment had six deficient variants (P, N, K, Ca, S, Mg) and variant with all nutritions (control variant). During the experiment were taking plants at an interval of 7 days. The dry matter of root and stem was weighed, the content of nutrition and the size of root system were set. The antagonism and synergism between elements were showed. The bigger reduction of root dry mass had plants with potassium and calcium deficiency. The plants with deficient (expecially deficiency of calcium, nitrogen, magnesium and potassium) had very restricted root structure. The lowest value of root electrical capacitancy had plants with potassium and calcium deficiency.
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The importance of root exudates for crop cultivation under climate change
Schnürer, Oliver ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Tylová, Edita (referee)
Root exudates are compounds secreted by plant roots that can help plants, for example, to obtain nutrients from the soil or to increase their resistance to biotic stress. Root exudates can thus hide a great potential that can be used in agriculture. As human population grows, there is increasing pressure on agriculture, which must provide enough food to feed the global population, thus ensuring food security. Until now, agricultural activity has tried to satisfy this demand by intensification of agriculture, mainly by breeding highly productive crops when using intensive fertilizing, but the theoretical possible benefits of root exudates in breeding remained overlooked. Intensive farming practices can further exacerbate the impacts of ongoing climate change, for example by increasing soil carbon mineralization or reducing biodiversity. By using root exudates in the production of crops, it will be possible to achieve a higher nutrient content in soil, as well as a higher resistance of crops to pests, without the aforementioned negative impacts of intensive agriculture. In this work, I tried to describe the main functions of root exudates, their reaction to increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, their stress response caused by stressors of climate change and their theoretical use in...
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