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Risks in the emergency department in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic
SMÝKALOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis focuses on the risks in the emergency department that may occur in newly emerging major epidemics, similar to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the thesis was mainly to assess the risks of care and to identify the characteristic features of patients with COVID-19. The intention was to find out how positive (infectious) patients are identified. The final chosen aim was to develop recommendations containing measures for the management of patients with COVID-19 disease and minimizing risks in the emergency department. The method of research investigation to achieve the set objectives was by retrospective observational study and participating observation. The research was conducted in adult patients with a focus on positive patients in a low threshold emergency department. The data obtained from the prospective observational study were processed using the computer program STATISTICA 12. According to the results of the study, more positive patients were referred to the outpatient department from the waiting room, while significantly more positive patients were referred to the standard ward, ICU, CCU or ED from the observation hall. In both cases, more than 80 % of positive patients from the observation ward were admitted to the ICU and standard units. According to the average number of patients, 8 % more patients visited the low threshold emergency department on a weekday than on a weekend. From the observational cohort, the identification of positive patients in 112 (56.85 %) cases was done using Rapid Ag test, The results of the data analysis will be beneficial in terms of risk to make recommendations to the low threshold emergency department for the treatment of patient with COVID-19 and to minimize the risks both for patients and for healthcare professionals.
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Comparison of wound healing management in acute and follow-up care
ŠTEFFLOVÁ, Veronika
Thesis objectives: The thesis deals with the comparison of wound healing management in acute and subsequent care. The theoretical part presents the knowledge of acute and chronic wounds, wound healing and their phases. Furthermore, the thesis deals with methods of wound treatment. The last chapter of the theoretical part deals with management and the role of a nurse in caring for a patient with a wound. In the empirical part, the first goal was to find out whether nurses from the Hradec Králové Region hospitals know the division and types of wounds. The second goal was to map out the possibilities for nurses to heal wounds. Another aim was to compare the differences between wound healing in acute and subsequent care. The fourth goal mapped the knowledge of nurses about wound healing materials. The following aim was to find out which materials for wound care are available at the hospital of the Hradec Králové Region. The sixth goal was to compare the economic and time-consuming wound healing at the acute and aftercare departments. The last goal of the thesis is to elaborate a seminar within the framework of lifelong education of general nurses on the topic of effective wound healing. Five hypotheses and two research questions were formulated to meet the goals of the thesis. Method for achieving the objectives: The set goals were achieved through quantitative questionnaire research and qualitative observation and interview research, which were chosen to complement the results. The sample included general nurses working in the internal department, the surgical department, the intensive care unit, the anesthesiology-resuscitation department and the aftercare departments in the hospitals of the Hradec Králové region. The total number of respondents was 120. Scientific benefits of the thesis: Overall research shows that nurses have sufficient knowledge of wounds and their treatment, but deficiencies in some areas are still evident. Furthermore, the research shows that nurses do not have enough therapeutic material to work on their workplaces. The interviewed group of general nurses said they think that modern dressing materials have a positive effect on wound healing. The results of the work can be used for practice, in hospital and other health care facilities to improve wound healing. The findings and conclusions: In the tracked file, we verified that the length of treatment of wounds on beds of acute and subsequent care differs (p = 0.002); the results show that the average time of wound dressing is prolonged in subsequent care. Conversely, the availability of dressing materials in the respective departments did not differ (p = 0.159). Furthermore, we found that the economic intensity of the after-care beds is lower, despite the fact that more wound dressings are done than in the acute care.
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The influence of obesity on follow-up care OF patients after stroke
TAUCHENOVÁ, Jana
Present situation The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is divided into four separate chapters. The first chapter deals with cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Another chapter describes the consequences of illness in various areas of human life. The third chapter defines the concept of follow-up care and the fourth chapter deals with diagnosed obesity. Aims of the work and research questions The aim of the diploma thesis is to map out the influence of obesity on follow-up care of patients after cerebrovascular accident. Research questions: 1. How does obesity affect patient mobility after CVA? 2. How does obesity affect the hygienic care of patients after CVA? 3. How does obesity affect normal daily activities of CVA patients? 4. What is the impact of obesity on developing self-sufficiency in CVA patients? Quality research was done through semi-structured interviews with CVA patients who were hospitalized in the aftercare department. Other interviews were conducted with general nurses providing nursing care to CVA patients. Research group The research group consisted of 11 general nurses working at different follow-up care hospital stations, and 16 patients who were hospitalized at these departments after the CVA. Results By analyzing the information obtained, it has been determined that obesity affects the patients mobility especially after the cerebrovascular event. At the same time, it represents a physical and psychological burden for nursing staff, but also for patients. The problem has been the fact, that most patients do not perceive obesity as a condition affecting their whole life. Conclusion The diploma thesis has provided insight into the problematic of the influence of obesity on the follow-up care in patients after cerebrovascular accident. The findings should lead to a reflection on the issue of prevention of obesity in terms of both CVA risk and follow-up care, but also the need for educational activities.
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Activation of the patients with immobilization syndrome
Kučerová, Ivana ; Lukášová Jeřábková, Lenka (advisor) ; Kulhavá, Miluše (referee)
Immobilization syndrome or syndrome of inactivity is a secondary disorder of the body. Causes of immobilization syndrome may be severe pain, nervous, skeletal and muscular system, generalized weakness, psychosocial problems, infectious processes and age. Immobilization syndrome affects not only the musculoskeletal system, but also the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, urinary system, skin, nervous system and overall metabolism. Thesis on "Activation patients with immobilization syndrome" is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the problem of immobilization syndrome and is focused primarily on patient activation. The theoretical part also mentions education of nurses in this field. The practical part deals with analyzing and evaluating the results of quantitative research obtained on the basis of a questionnaire survey among general nurses from the department of geriatrics, follow-up care and hospice. Responders, who I have chosen, come from both state departments of health facilities and the private sector. The main aim of the thesis was to find out what is used in long-term care, for subsequent care departments and the Department of Geriatrics methods of activation in patients with immobilization syndrome. Individual objectives were to find out what...
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Social work with seniors in hospital
Peroutková, Jitka ; Šťastná, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Kodymová, Pavla (referee)
The Bachelor Dissertation inquires the knowledge of the hospitalized elderly people about the medical services and social welfare. It also inquires whether they make use of these services when they are in need of them, and whether these services are available for them. The problem package that is studied in this dissertation thesis will be investigated by the quantitative method. Key words: senior in hospital, follow-up care, health services, payments for hospital services, care allowance
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Anorexia nervosa in Czech republic
HEJNOVÁ, Jana
The thesis focuses on anorexia from the onset of the disease to the possible treatment in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part defines anorexia nervosa, offers insight into potential risk factors and also concentrates on situations that can cause anorexia. Next, this part provides a basic overview of a balanced diet and informs about the use of social work in prevention and follow-up care. Furthermore, it summarizes medical care and therapies used in the treatment of this disease. The practical part consists of case studies of three respondents who have been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. The case studies examine areas related to family, the onset of the disease, treatment and current state of the respondents.
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