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Animal Models of Intrauterine Infections
Schuma, Marek ; Šplíchalová, Alla (advisor) ; Seifertová, Eva (referee)
In mammals, embryonic and fetal development takes place in the mother's uterus under sterile conditions. The embryo, and later the fetus, is connected to the placenta by the umbilical cord and floats in amniotic fluid in the amniotic cavity lined by the amniotic membrane. Preterm birth is associated with decreased weight of newborns and increased morbidity and mortality. Intrauterine infections are one of the leading causes of preterm delivery. Various etiological agents, such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts and protozoa, can cause these infections. These infections induce expression of inflammatory mediators, which participate in triggering of preterm birth. One of these mediators are cytokines. The bachelor thesis is based on a literature review dealing with animal models of prenatal infections, which are exploited in the study of regulatory mechanisms of preterm births or eventually in the study of experimental manipulation of these mechanisms. Various infectious agents and their parts, such as LPS, and the routes of administration are compared. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of different animal models are discussed with respect to the type of placentation, duration of gestation, animal weight and litter size. The thesis contains the section dealing with experience with a pig model...
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Ceremoniousness connected with birth of a child in Pelhřimov distrikt. The Role of the Midwife from the viewpoint of etnology.
Kubíčková, Kristýna ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
The main theme of this bachelor's thesis is ceremoniousness, which is connected with the birth of a child in Pelhřimov district in the 2nd half of the 19 and the beginning of the 20 century. The second part of the thesis is primarily devoted to related ceremonial acts. The individual chapters are focused on conception of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium in the folk environment. This very intimate and rarely mapped area of family ceremoniousness is thus seen by means of period literature, articles, archive matters, records and registers. Considering the fact that midwives used to be the principal performers of ceremonial acts connected with the birth of a child the first part of the thesis concetrates on the midwifery issues. It deals with midwives education, their competences and collegial relationships.
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Problematical legal aspects of determination of parenthood
Vařeková, Adéla ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
The Abstract The aim of my thesis is to find and describe the problematic aspects of the determination of parenthood. I chose four areas of the determination of parenthood, which can lead to various complications - assisted reproduction, surrogacy, secret childbirths and anonymous births. In the first chapter of the thesis I deal with the legal aspects of the determination of parenthood. I examine mandatory determination of maternity and various assumptions of paternity. With the development of relations in the society and of the reproductive medicine, there emerge possibilities doubting the traditional legal principles of the determination of parenthood. Mother is not always certain anymore and there are five presumptions of paternity in the Czech legal order nowadays, compared to the traditional three. The second chapter is devoted to the issue of assisted reproduction. Assisted reproduction is a modern and rapidly developing area of medicine that allows infertile couples to have their own child. It is a medical specialty that requires a broad legal framework to prevent its abuse. At the end of a successful medical procedure a new life is coming into existence and such area must be regulated. The third chapter, entitled Surrogacy, builds on the previous chapter. Surrogacy is often discussed area of...
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Ritualisation of marginal life situations in contemporary society
ELLINGEROVÁ, Tereza
The thesis deals with contemporary form and course of rituals, which are connected with boundary life situations. And also their comparing with rituals of archaic and traditional societies. The first chapter is dedicated to the ritual, its possible forms and courses, as well as its meaning. The second chapter deals with charakteristics boundary life situations and rites of passage too. The third through sixth chapter describes separately four boundary life situations, namely birth, maturing, marrige and death. Individual milestones of life are characterized in the thesis in detail and there are gived the examples of rituals typical for them. The thesis describes also social roles and changes of theirs, which are influenced by boundary life situations.
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Socio-economic importance of family and trends in family behavior of the population of the Czech republic and Slovakia
Rousová, Petra ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the concept of family and its current status in life of the people in the Czech republic and Slovakia with focus on young people. Bachelor thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of family in perspectives of different authors, it describes its functions, forms, its historical development and current socio-economic environment. The second chapter focuses on demographic development of indicators of marriage, divorce, birth, fertility and abortion. It includes the prognosis of future development. Demographic analysis is made from 1960, through 1993 with the population prognosis. On the basis of demographic indicators it describes current trends in family behavior. The third chapter is devoted to family policy in both countries and to the state support for families with children. This bachelor thesis tries to describe the situation of families in the Czech republic and Slovakia, compare the differences, and to estimate their possible future development.
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Rituals connected with childbirth in Bohemia and Moravia since the 17th century to the present
MÜHLBÖCKOVÁ, Šárka
This thesis deals with rituals connected with childbirth in Bohemia and Moravia since the 17th century to the present. The first chapter describes the word ritual, especially the transition ritual, which is understood as a necessary assumption enabling the transition from one stage of life to the other. The next chapter presents the family and its development across the centuries from the traditional conception until the modern one. The family also plays an important role in education and in the child's integration into society - this is discussed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter maps the rituals connected with childbirth adhered to in the past. The fifth chapter continues analyzing the situation about current rituals. The last chapter compares the situation about the implementation of rituals in the past with the situation nowadays. It is concluded with the authors own research, which was based on real data collection.
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Analysis of health problems in rearing calves in selected breeding
KRUPKA, Martin
The thesis is focused on health issues in the rearing of calves depending on the occurrence of complicated births and the level of postpartum care about newborn calves. The literature review describes the physiological calving, factors influencing its process, postpartum care about newborn calves. It also described selected diseases of calves which are considered as the most serious. Own work is based on the data obtained in the period 2011-2013 and was focused on running of the total 357 births, incidence of complications, birth weight of newborn calves, the level of postnatal care about calves, particularly relation with time of the first colostrum intake, the disease incidence, a morbidity and mortality rate within three months of age.
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Health edukacion in the area of adequate locomotive mode for a selected group of adults, gravid women.
ČIHOVSKÁ, Pavla
Subject of the dissertation: Health education in field of the adequate motion regimen at selected group of adult, gravid women.Educational material. It was the purpose of dissertation on the basis of knowledge from study technical literature devise right motion activity. For pregnant women the dissertation includes short characteristic of all period pregnancy, whit description physiologic change and course of pregnancy, childbirth and with basic description high risk nad pathologic course of pregnancy. This dissertation describe proper and improper motion activities during physiologic pregnancy, health education and proper education material. It was next purpose of dissertation in practical part with questionaire discover opinions gravid women on motion activities and life habits, in the period before pregnancy and in time of pregnancy. This dissertation is theoretical instruction for practical integration motion activities into the life gravid women and their family life.
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Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care
KADEŘÁBEK, Petr
The nursing care for the woman who has just given birth and for the newborn is performed by a member of the medical rescue service team, i.e. by a non-medical health professional. A non-medical health professional is considered a specialized nurse or a paramedic. During his career a paramedic may encounter the ongoing or the completed childbirth out of the hospital environment. He has merely a maternity package and other standard equipment of the rescue service vehicle at his disposal. However, in spite of this handicap, when comparing the hospital facilities, the paramedic must carry out the same professional performance, equally as in other acute situations. It is vital to offer the mother and the newborn the maximum of care and above all, to minimalize the threat to life. His task is therefore to be both theoretically and practically prepared for the childbirth in the field, including the following care for the mother and for the newborn in the conditions out of a healthcare institution. The bachelor thesis dealing the topic ?Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care? is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the ongoing delivery with the presence of a paramedic and with the temporary absence of a doctor. Among other points the bachelor work deals with the equipment of the rescue team vehicle suitable for the delivery, with medical examination of the woman, transport of the woman and the foetus in utero (i.e. in the uterus) to the hospital, accomplishment of the childbirth out of the hospital environment and the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. Due to the complex topic, I deal exclusively with the physiological childbirth, without including all possible complications that might accompany the delivery. The research of the bachelor thesis examines both the theoretical knowledge and the practical experience of the paramedics with an on going childbirth in prehospital conditions, including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. In connection with the objectives, the hypothesis has been set ? the paramedics have sufficient theoretical knowledge with on going deliveries including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The quantitative research, the method of questioning and the questionnaire have been applied. As a technique of questioning a printed, standardised and anonymous questionnaire has been used. The data were being collected since February to March 2013. The paramedics from the medical rescue service of the South Bohemia were chosen as a target group, forming together the sample of 102 persons. In order to confirm the given hypothesis, a set of specific seventeen questions focused on the nursing care for the woman and the newborn have been determined. The responses were counted, elaborated by the SPSS program and inserted into synoptic tables. Each question has been then statistically interpreted by the Pearson's chi-squared test. All in all, the adequate level of the theoretical knowledge was proved only in case of ten questions, the rest of the questions did not reach the sufficient level of the statistic importance. Therefore, it results from the research that paramedics do not have sufficient theoretical knowledge; the hypothesis has been then rejected. The reason is probably due to low frequency of childbirth situations in conditions of the prehospital emergency care. This work should serve especially to students and paramedics as a source and the summary of the information needed, mainly in the domain of the childbirth in the prehospital emergency care and nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The results of the research may become an impulse for launching special seminars dealing with both theoretical part and the practical rehearsal for the maternity situations in prehospital conditions.
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